National Threat Assessment 2008. Organised Crime - Politie

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developments relating to counterfeit banknotes closely, especially the (different) position of the Netherlands within the EU. Despite the increase in the past year, the number of counterfeit euro notes is still small. The chances of receiving a counterfeit euro note are therefore small: 36,000 in 2 billion. The financial system is not being undermined. As a result, the production and distribution of counterfeit money constitutes no specific threat for the next four years. 94 National Threat Assessment 2008 – Organised crime
3 Fraud and money laundering 3.1 Introduction This chapter first of all discusses the following two types of fraud constructions: • constructions whereby laws and regulations concerning taxes that increase cost prices are misused or evaded (thereby taking money from the public purse), and; • constructions intended to misuse a false possibility to earn a lot of money quickly (Fata Morgana). A ‘construction’ in these cases is an organisational or administrative working method set up with the aim of putting criminal intentions into practice and concealing their true nature. The reason for taking constructions as a starting point and not types of fraud is mainly that constructions can be used for various types of fraud and are therefore more general and more flexible. Constructions are more long-lasting, as they can survive circumstances that threaten certain types of fraud, such as changes to laws and regulations. After the discussion of the two types of fraud constructions, the following two types of environmental crime will be addressed: • crime relating to soil remediation and; • crime relating to international waste streams. For both types of environmental crime the criminal offences committed are usually forgery of documents, withholding or making up information, etc. – in other words, cases that can be included under the heading of ‘fraud’. Two specific types of money laundering will be analysed: • criminal investments in property and; • criminal use of financial service providers. The following sections were prepared using information from various research reports. The introduction to each section states the relevant reports. Please refer to the reports in question for a list of references. chapter 3 – Fraud and money laundering 95
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KLPD - IPOL Department National Thr
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Publisher: IPOL Department Postbus
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2.3.5 Crime-related factors and exp
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3.4.7 Conclusion 119 3.5 Crime invo
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5.3.1 Introduction and scope 186 5.
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Preface The first National Threat A
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Acknowledgements This National Thre
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phenomena - as well as on societal
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It should be noticed that the organ
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In early 2007 a Supervisory Committ
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1.5.3 Regional Crime Pattern Analys
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For environmental crime, the study
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A conditional threat involves crimi
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forces all made their contributions
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2 Illegal markets 2.1 Introduction
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with the aim of transporting large
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Demand In 2005 the number of ‘cur
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identity papers. It was impossible
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use currently occurring in various
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An important indicator of heroin pr
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2.3.3 Criminal organisations Three
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without being noticed. The harm tha
Page 46 and 47: Criminals often look for a remote l
Page 48 and 49: other than BMK and PMK are increasi
Page 50 and 51: LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) is
Page 52 and 53: From the source country onwards, th
Page 54 and 55: People can also be the victims of i
Page 56 and 57: Other chemicals will probably be ob
Page 58 and 59: the expectation that organised crim
Page 60 and 61: Figure 2 Number of nurseries disman
Page 62 and 63: which is just over 360,000 people.
Page 64 and 65: A strikingly high number of crimina
Page 66 and 67: mortgage. Various types of fraud ar
Page 68 and 69: and Romanians who already work in t
Page 70 and 71: offences under Section 273f of the
Page 72 and 73: 2.6.3 Scale Exploitation in prostit
Page 74 and 75: 2.6.6 Crime-related factors and exp
Page 76 and 77: 2.7 Illegal immigrant smuggling 30
Page 78 and 79: who have been in the Netherlands il
Page 80 and 81: were registered as being suspected
Page 82 and 83: It is not known whether the positio
Page 84 and 85: the weapons are stashed at a safe a
Page 86 and 87: limited scale of detection of illeg
Page 88 and 89: The commercial production of images
Page 90 and 91: in isolation. According to the IPOL
Page 92 and 93: continued existence of both the pro
Page 94 and 95: 2.10.3 Scale In the Netherlands mos
Page 98 and 99: 3.2 The public purse: VAT fraud, ex
Page 100 and 101: a separate legal entity takes care
Page 102 and 103: Table 6 Misuse of companies in 2000
Page 104 and 105: Chinese Dutch nationals are reporte
Page 106 and 107: have created more opportunities wit
Page 108 and 109: Investment fraud is the general nam
Page 110 and 111: Almost all contacts in advance fee
Page 112 and 113: The structure of a boiler room is d
Page 114 and 115: caught will increase. Fraudsters su
Page 116 and 117: a role, namely the fact that superv
Page 118 and 119: special investigation services. The
Page 120 and 121: competition. In the past this has r
Page 122 and 123: • electronic and electrical appli
Page 124 and 125: Any violation of the EU Regulation
Page 126 and 127: level. Out of a selection of more t
Page 128 and 129: those used for scrap vehicles. A lo
Page 130 and 131: As well as being numerous and compl
Page 132 and 133: consequences of the exporting of th
Page 134 and 135: In recent years, the integration ph
Page 136 and 137: Criminals invest in property togeth
Page 138 and 139: Undermining of the rule of law and
Page 140 and 141: Professionals’ right of non-discl
Page 142 and 143: 3.6.7 Conclusion The investment of
Page 144 and 145: Factors related to property crime F
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The relative poverty in many Easter
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• An elderly lady is working in h
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connections between offences cannot
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4.3 Shoplifting 4.3.1 Introduction
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4.3.7 Conclusion As a result of sho
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audio and video equipment and build
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Mainly native Dutch offender groups
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However, there are also factors tha
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According to the National Vehicle C
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Table 8 Development of recorded car
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4.5.5 Consequences for Dutch societ
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Robberies can be described as the r
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Ram raiding Ram raids have been rec
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damage to buildings, etc. In one ca
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‘Organised, supraregional ram rai
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4.8.2 General context The handling
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5.2.2 Corruption of public servants
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Scale For years the Netherlands has
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make contact with one another. By d
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In cases of investment fraud, poten
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1. Enforcement of behaviour In case
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The use of violence within criminal
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In addition, the financial damage t
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However, they were found guilty of
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takes them to a counterfeit website
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equired to defraud Internet users c
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customers. Customers must be on the
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Quite often, organised crime does n
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for criminal purposes, it is likely
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5.7 Counterstrategies 5.7.1 Introdu
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potential witnesses refused (or wer
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eceive protection, as there is alwa
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5.8.2 General context Forgery of do
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Chamber of Commerce and the municip
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5.8.6 Crime-related factors and exp
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6.2 Criminal caravan camp residents
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Nederweed In the subreport on canna
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Roma have been reported for committ
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6.4 Criminal liaisons British crimi
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The use of solvents to extract coca
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on the Internet and growing equipme
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egularly found in suspicious circum
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no capacity is made available for i
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Unlike in 2004, the intertwining of
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organisations have access to one or
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at Schiphol Airport and lorry drive
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Whenever illegal markets such as th
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Appendix 1 Project structure Projec
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E.R. Kleemans Senior Researcher Res
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F. van den Heuvell Analysis Special
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J. ’t Lam Strategic Analyst Natio
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Appendix 2 Overview of qualificatio
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Netherlands Police Agency
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