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36Δερματοπάθειες της κύησης39. Lammert F, Marschall HU, Glantz A et al: Intrahe−patic cholestasis of pregnancy: Molecular patho−genesis, diagnosis and management. J Hepatol2000;33:1012−1021.40. Brites D, Rodrigues CM, Van−Zeller H et al: Rele−vance of serum bile acid profile in the diagnosis ofintrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in a high inci−dence area: Portugal. Eur J Obstet Gynecol ReprodBiol 1998;80:31−38.41. Seppo H, Pertti K: Pregnancy outcome with intra−hepatic cholestasis. Obstet Gynecol. 1999; 94:189−193.42. Hirvioja ML, Tuimala R, Vuori J: The treatmentof intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy by dexa−methasone. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1992;99:109−111.43. Kretowicz E, McIntyre HD: Intrahepatic cholestasisof pregnancy, worsening after dexamethasone. JObstet Gynaecol 1994;34:211−214.44. Rampone A, Rampone B, Tirabasso S et al: Pru−rigo gestationis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol2002;16:425−426.45. Kroumpouzos G: Intrahepatic cholestasis of preg−nancy: What’s new [editorial]. J Eur Acad DermatolVenereol 2002;16:316−318.46. Glantz A, Marschall HU, Lammert F et al: Intrahe−patic cholestasis of pregnancy: A randomized con−trolled trial comparing dexamethasone and urso−deoxycholic acid. Hepatology 2005;42:1399−1405.47. Kondrackiene J, Beuers U, Kupcinskas L: Efficacy andsafety of ursodeo−xycholic acid versus cholesty−ramine in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.Gastroenterology 2005;129:894−901.48. Warren JE, Blaylock RC, Silver RM: Plasmapher−esis for the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis ofpregnancy refractory to medical treatment. Am JObstet Gynecol 2005;192:2088−2089.49. Lotem M, Katzenelson V, Rotem A et al: Impetigoherpetiformis: A variant of pustular psoriasis or a sepa−rate entity. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;20:338−341.50. Chaidemenos G, Lefaki I, Tsakiri A et al: Impetigoherpetiformis: menstrual exacerbations for 7 yearspostpartum. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005;19:466−469.51. Heymann WR: Dermatoses of pregnancy update. JAm Acad Dermatol 2005;52:888−889.52. I mai N, Watanabe R, Fujiwara H et al: Success−ful treatment of impetigo herpetiformis with oralcyclosporine during pregnancy. Arch Dermatol2002;138:128−129.
ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗΕπαγγελματική και μη επαγγελματική έκθεσησε εισπνεόμενες ουσίες επάγουσες αυξημένο κίνδυνογια καρκίνωμα πνεύμοναΔρ. Μ Μ ΒασλαματζήςΔιευθυντής ΕΣΥ, Προσωρινός Προϊστάμενος Ογκολογικού Τμήματος Γ.Ν.Α. «ο Ευαγγελισμός»SUMMARYVASLAMATZIS M M. Occupational and non−occupational exposure in inhaled factors high risk for lung cancer.Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death throughout the world. In U.S. will cause an estimated 162.000deaths during 2008, in comparison with 121.000 deaths from, totally, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. The relationonly between occupational and non−occupational exposure in inhaled high risk factors and lung cancer, will reviewed inthis paper. The exposure to tobacco smoking is the main risk factor. However, not all lung cancer is smoking related. Twoto 10 percent of lung cancer cases occur in never smokers, with women more commonly affected than men. Additionalrisk factors for lung cancer include exposure to asbestos, haloethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nickel, and arse−nic. Interest has also focused on the potential roles of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ie, passive “smoking”)and to radon. The link between smoking and lung cancer was first suggested by Adler in 1912. Nowadays the inhalationof smoke, from cigarette, cigars and pipes, is estimated to be responsible for approximately 87 percent of cases of lungcancer, including 90 percent of cases in men and 79 percent of cases in women. Bronchogenic carcinoma is undoubtedlythe most preventable of the common forms of cancer because of the indisputable link between cigarette smoking andrisk of lung cancer. The relative risk increases with both the number of cigarettes smoked per day as well as the lifetimeduration of smoking, while additional factors include: a) age at onset of smoking, b) degree of inhalation, c) tar and nicotinecontent of the cigarettes and d) use of unfiltered cigarettes. According to large cohort and case−control studies, smokingcessation clearly decreases the risk of lung cancer among former smokers compared with current smokers from 20% to90%, depending upon the duration of abstinence. Many epidemiologic studies have shown that nonsmokers exposed toenvironmental tobacco smoke (passive smokers) demonstrate an increased risk of lung cancer depending on the cumula−tive exposures and the intensity of exposure. It seems that the risk for the development of lung cancer in response toenvironmental tobacco smoke may be influenced by genetics. Users of marijuana and cocaine are probably at increasedrisk for lung cancer, although the magnitude of risk has not been well quantified. Numerous occupational and environ−mental inhaled factors increase the risk of lung cancer. The best known factors are asbestos and radon; other exposuresinclude arsenic, bis−chloromethyl ether, chromium, formaldehyde, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hard metaldust, and vinyl chloride. Many of these factors act synergistically with tobacco smoke to produce lung cancer, and arealso independent risk factors in nonsmokers. Νοsokomiaka Chronika, 72, 37−42, 2010.Key words: lung cancer, inhaled factors, smoking, marijuana, cocaine, asbestos, radon; arsenic, bis−chloromethyl ether,chromium, formaldehyde, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hard metal dust, vinyl chloride.ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗΤο καρκίνωμα του πνεύμονα αποτελεί την συνηθέστερη αιτία θανάτου από κακοήθη νεοπλάσματα, παγκοσμίως.Στις Η.Π.Α. εκτιμάται ότι από την νόσο πέθαναν το 2008, 162.000 άτομα, σε σύγκριση με 121.000 θανάτους το ίδιο διά−στημα συνολικά από τα καρκινώματα κόλου, μαστού και προστάτου. Στην παρούσα ανασκόπηση θα παρουσιασθείη συσχέτιση μόνον, υψηλού κινδύνου εισπνεομένων παραγόντων, στον κοινωνικό ή εργασιακό χώρο των ατόμων,
Page 1: ΝΟΣΟΚΟΜΕΙΑΚΑ ΧΡΟΝΙ
Page 7: Εις μνήμην Αριστοτ
Page 10 and 11: 8Ο Άνθρωπος και το Σ
Page 12 and 13: 10Ο Άνθρωπος και το
Page 18 and 19: ΚΛΙΝΙΚΗ ΜΕΛΕΤΗNόσο
Page 20 and 21: 18Nόσος του Weil με πολ
Page 22 and 23: ΕΝΔΙΑΦΕΡΟΥΣΑ ΠΕΡΙΠ
Page 24 and 25: 22Νευρομυοτονία σε
Page 26 and 27: 24Νευρομυοτονία σε
Page 28 and 29: 26Δερματοπάθειες τη
Page 40 and 41: 38Επαγγελματική και
Page 48 and 49: 46Η εποχή της Φαρμακ
Page 62 and 63: 60Μέτρηση - Παρακολο
Page 78 and 79: 76Φαρμακογενετική -
Page 84: 82Φαρμακογενετική -

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