Conservation agriculture Tanzania_casestudy.pdf - Sokoine ...

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Organiza tionMazingira BoraKaratu (MBK)<strong>Tanzania</strong> Associationof Foresters (TAF)Activities• Agroforestry techniques insoil and water conservation- through demarcatingcontours- establishing nursery trees- selling tree seedlings• Started with tree planting• Crop improvement throughsupply of improved seeds andcredit provisionMethods to promoteconservation farming• Many contoursconstructed and treesestablished• Many trees (over280,000) were planted• Awareness createdin farmers on theimportance of treeplantingLinks with otherorganizationsWorld Wild Fundfor NatureByskogsinsamligen(BSI) ofSweden102 Ringo et al.
Appendix 2 Livelihood characteristics in Kilimatembo, KaratuDistrictCharacteristicsLivelihoodactivitiesRich (5% HHs) Medium wealth (45% HHs) Poor (50% HHs)• Rent out houses and shops• Formal employment• Traders, middlemen• Sell livestock and milk• Sell crops within andoutside village• Teachers• Run small businesses• Traders, middlemen• Sell livestock and milk• Sell crops within andoutside villageLand • More than 4 ha • 1.2–4 ha rent out land torichCrops grown• Maize, beans, pigeon pea,fi nger millet, sorghum,sweetpotato, pumpkin,wheat, barley, sunfl ower,fl owers• Mainly maize and beans• Also sweetpotato, fi ngermillet, pumpkin, pigeon pea• Casual labour• Rent out land• Sell crops invillage• No sale of cropresidues• 0.4–1.2 ha;rent out land tomedium-wealthand rich HHs whenneed cash• Mainly maize andbeans• Also sweetpotato,fi ngermillet, pumpkin,pigeon peaUse ofexternalinputs• Some use herbicides (forwheat), pesticides (forfl owers)• Very few use improvedwheat seeds• Mainly use improved maizeseeds• Few buy inputs;use only if givenfree of chargeor participate inresearch trials ordemonstra tionsFarmpower andimplementsLivestock• DAP: 70% own• Tractors: 20% own; 80%hire tractors for primarytillage• 20–40 cattle• 10% have dairy cows• Tractors: hire• DAP: 70% own draughtanimals; 40% own ploughs• HHs without animals hirewhen need arises• 5–10% cattle (majority localbreeds)• 20% have dairy cows• 100% hand hoe• Chickens• A few local cattle• Most keep cattle(1–5 head) fromwealthier HHDistribution ofFHHFarmersparticipatingin study• Nil • 15% • 85%• 2 MHH • 1 MHH • 1 MHH; 2 FHHSource: Bishop-Sambrook et al. (2004)DAP – draught-animal power; HH – household; FHH – female-headed household; MHH – male-headedhouseholdTotal number of HH in community = 545; proportion of FHH in community = 30% (and increasingsteadilyKaratu District 103
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ContentsPreface ...................
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Full conservation agriculture, howe
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February 2005, which made possible
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Table B. Key characteristics of cas
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Overemphasis on field-scale, techni
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Arumeru DistrictCatherine W. Maguzu
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8 Gaps and challenges .............
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Executive summaryA case study of co
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It has shown increase in yields, re
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The case study teamThe local team w
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NgorongoroKageraMaraMonduliArumeruM
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MarketsThe urban centres are Kikati
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middle-aged, who migrate to towns t
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4 Conservation agriculture historyI
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maize, pigeon pea, and lablab seeds
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herbicide was completely abandoned
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Most of the implements, except the
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6 Adapting and diffusing conservati
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villages with eight farmers (Mwalle
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ecognition and enforcement of the b
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Table 3. Labour for conservation ag
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Timeliness in irrigating a farm is
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to rehabilitate his land by constru
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Land tenureSmall-scale farmers will
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and handling herbicides should be d
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Appendix 1Conservation agriculture
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Organization Activities Methods to
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Appendix 3Lablab and mucuna seed di
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Karatu DistrictDominick E. Ringo, C
Page 76 and 77: 10 Benefi ts and effects of conserv
Page 78 and 79: Karatu acknowledgementsWe are very
Page 80 and 81: Forces driving for adoption of cons
Page 82 and 83: Despite the soundness of conservati
Page 84 and 85: NgorongoroKageraMaraMonduliArumeruM
Page 86 and 87: TemperatureTemperature decreases wi
Page 88 and 89: Most of the surface and underground
Page 90 and 91: crop does not store well. But when
Page 92 and 93: used to attend to AIDS sufferers an
Page 94 and 95: Erosion is now considered responsib
Page 96 and 97: Traditional methods of soil conserv
Page 98 and 99: Tanzania Association of ForestersAc
Page 100 and 101: Tanganyika Farmers AssociationAchie
Page 102 and 103: History of conservation agriculture
Page 104 and 105: what is feasible is to intercrop, w
Page 106 and 107: to connect experiences from differe
Page 108 and 109: mainly cover crop practices were ad
Page 110 and 111: Alfred’s neighbour Cornel has bee
Page 112 and 113: study tours, organizing farmer fiel
Page 114 and 115: Socio-economic and process aspectsW
Page 116 and 117: abreast of information. Information
Page 118 and 119: availability of agriculture credit,
Page 120 and 121: package being introduced should con
Page 122 and 123: of a planning workshop on conservat
Page 124 and 125: Organiza tionRIDEP (1980-1984)Natio
Page 128 and 129: Appendix 3 Estates in Karatu Distri
Page 131 and 132: ContentsAbbreviations .............
Page 133 and 134: AbbreviationsARIAgricultural Resear
Page 135 and 136: 1 IntroductionOver 80% of the peopl
Page 137 and 138: 3 MethodMbeya was selected as a cas
Page 139 and 140: Table 1. Agricultural characteristi
Page 141 and 142: Three agricultural officers serve t
Page 143 and 144: egin until the first rains. Maize y
Page 145 and 146: Table 4. Conservation agriculture r
Page 147 and 148: slasher, machete and billhook (nyen
Page 149 and 150: Farmers were advised to slash the c
Page 151 and 152: technical support. Trial treatments
Page 153 and 154: In the latest FARM Africa project,
Page 155 and 156: Crop yieldsNineteen farmers in Wang
Page 157 and 158: Changes in costs and incomeThe aver
Page 159 and 160: • Farmers proposed that to improv
Page 161 and 162: 10 Gaps and challengesDespite the s
Page 163 and 164: 12 Recommendations• While some be
Page 165 and 166: Appendix 1 Selected farmer profiles
Page 167 and 168: No. Farmer name M/F Age(yrs)Fam ily
Page 169 and 170: Appendix 3Intervention detailsIniti
Page 171 and 172: Conservation agriculture technology
Page 173 and 174: Land degradation due to soil erosio
Page 175 and 176: Banana crop with mucuna as a cover
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Types of soil cover: lablab plus ma
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The pigeon pea crop has been left o
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Demonstrating conservation agricult
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Transferring crop residue for lives
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