Conservation agriculture Tanzania_casestudy.pdf - Sokoine ...

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MbeyaMbeyaDar es SalaamWaning’ombeMakambakoKanamalengaMtwangoDar es SalaamMalangaliMakogaNjombeIgominyiLupembeKifanyaSongeaDistrict headquartersDivisional headquartersRegional boundaryDistrict boundaryRailway lineMain roadKanamalenga villageFigure 1. Njombe District with study headquarters of ward in the study.To GadulaCHUNYA DISTRICTIpwiziChang’ombeIfwenkenyaMjeleMapogoroMBOZI DISTRICTNjelenjeMuvwaIKUKWAIiotaMsheweTo MbaloDistrict boundariesWard boundariesFigure 2. Mbeya District, with Mshewe Ward.114 Mkomwa et al.
Table 1. Agricultural characteristics of Wanging’ombe and Mshewe WardsCharacteristics Wanging’ombe MsheweAltitude (m) 1200–1500 a 1000–1500 aRainfall (annual mm) 600–900 a 900–1200 aMonths of rainfall November–April a November–April aTopography undulating to rolling a rolling plain with dissectedescarpment aSoilsyellow-red sands of shallowdepth and hardpan ashallow gravelly ironstoneoverlying soft weatheringrock aLand (ha) 46,325 37,735Land use arable, pasture and forest arable, pasture and forestArea under crops (ha) 17,580 (37.9%) 6,085 (16.1%)Farming systemsmaize-based, with sunfl ower,beans and groundnutcattle and goatsoxen till more than 80% of thelandmaize-based, with sunfl ower,beans, sweet potato andgroundnutcattle and pigsoxen till about 65% of the landCrop yields (t/ha) maize: 2.0beans: 0.13sunfl ower: 0.6groundnut: 0.3maize: 2.6beans: 1.0sunfl ower: 1.5sweetpotato: 13Average area/household3.0 ha: maize 1.2, sunfl ower& cowpea 1.4, groundnut 0.41.7 ha: maize 1.0, sunfl ower0.5, beans & groundnut 0.1aMussei et al. 2000 and fi eld data from surveyMbeya District 115
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ContentsPreface ...................
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Full conservation agriculture, howe
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February 2005, which made possible
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Table B. Key characteristics of cas
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Overemphasis on field-scale, techni
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Arumeru DistrictCatherine W. Maguzu
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8 Gaps and challenges .............
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Executive summaryA case study of co
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It has shown increase in yields, re
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The case study teamThe local team w
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NgorongoroKageraMaraMonduliArumeruM
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MarketsThe urban centres are Kikati
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middle-aged, who migrate to towns t
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4 Conservation agriculture historyI
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maize, pigeon pea, and lablab seeds
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herbicide was completely abandoned
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Most of the implements, except the
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6 Adapting and diffusing conservati
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villages with eight farmers (Mwalle
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ecognition and enforcement of the b
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Table 3. Labour for conservation ag
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Timeliness in irrigating a farm is
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to rehabilitate his land by constru
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Land tenureSmall-scale farmers will
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and handling herbicides should be d
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Appendix 1Conservation agriculture
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Organization Activities Methods to
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Appendix 3Lablab and mucuna seed di
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Karatu DistrictDominick E. Ringo, C
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10 Benefi ts and effects of conserv
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Karatu acknowledgementsWe are very
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Forces driving for adoption of cons
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Despite the soundness of conservati
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NgorongoroKageraMaraMonduliArumeruM
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TemperatureTemperature decreases wi
Page 88 and 89: Most of the surface and underground
Page 90 and 91: crop does not store well. But when
Page 92 and 93: used to attend to AIDS sufferers an
Page 94 and 95: Erosion is now considered responsib
Page 96 and 97: Traditional methods of soil conserv
Page 98 and 99: Tanzania Association of ForestersAc
Page 100 and 101: Tanganyika Farmers AssociationAchie
Page 102 and 103: History of conservation agriculture
Page 104 and 105: what is feasible is to intercrop, w
Page 106 and 107: to connect experiences from differe
Page 108 and 109: mainly cover crop practices were ad
Page 110 and 111: Alfred’s neighbour Cornel has bee
Page 112 and 113: study tours, organizing farmer fiel
Page 114 and 115: Socio-economic and process aspectsW
Page 116 and 117: abreast of information. Information
Page 118 and 119: availability of agriculture credit,
Page 120 and 121: package being introduced should con
Page 122 and 123: of a planning workshop on conservat
Page 124 and 125: Organiza tionRIDEP (1980-1984)Natio
Page 126 and 127: Organiza tionMazingira BoraKaratu (
Page 128 and 129: Appendix 3 Estates in Karatu Distri
Page 131 and 132: ContentsAbbreviations .............
Page 133 and 134: AbbreviationsARIAgricultural Resear
Page 135 and 136: 1 IntroductionOver 80% of the peopl
Page 137: 3 MethodMbeya was selected as a cas
Page 141 and 142: Three agricultural officers serve t
Page 143 and 144: egin until the first rains. Maize y
Page 145 and 146: Table 4. Conservation agriculture r
Page 147 and 148: slasher, machete and billhook (nyen
Page 149 and 150: Farmers were advised to slash the c
Page 151 and 152: technical support. Trial treatments
Page 153 and 154: In the latest FARM Africa project,
Page 155 and 156: Crop yieldsNineteen farmers in Wang
Page 157 and 158: Changes in costs and incomeThe aver
Page 159 and 160: • Farmers proposed that to improv
Page 161 and 162: 10 Gaps and challengesDespite the s
Page 163 and 164: 12 Recommendations• While some be
Page 165 and 166: Appendix 1 Selected farmer profiles
Page 167 and 168: No. Farmer name M/F Age(yrs)Fam ily
Page 169 and 170: Appendix 3Intervention detailsIniti
Page 171 and 172: Conservation agriculture technology
Page 173 and 174: Land degradation due to soil erosio
Page 175 and 176: Banana crop with mucuna as a cover
Page 177 and 178: Types of soil cover: lablab plus ma
Page 179 and 180: The pigeon pea crop has been left o
Page 181 and 182: Demonstrating conservation agricult
Page 183: Transferring crop residue for lives
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