Conservation agriculture Tanzania_casestudy.pdf - Sokoine ...

10 Gaps and challenges ..................................................................................137Skills gap ...................................................................................................................137Affordability ..............................................................................................................137Land tenure ...............................................................................................................137Low awareness of benefits ........................................................................................137Institutional challenge ...............................................................................................13711 Conclusions ...............................................................................................13812 Recommendations ......................................................................................139References .......................................................................................................140Appendix 1 Selected farmer profi les: no. 1–8 interviewed from Mayale,no. 9 from Wanging’ombe village ....................................................141Appendix 2 Village households and population in Wanging’ombe and MsheweWards ...........................................................................................144Appendix 3 Intervention details .........................................................................145FiguresFigure 1 Njombe District with headquarters of wards in the study .............................114Figure 2 Mbeya District, with Mshewe Ward ..............................................................114Figure 3 Income sources for women in Mshewe ..........................................................118Figure 4 Agricultural workload and rainfall in Wanging’ombe Division .................... 132TablesTable 1 Agricultural characteristics of Wanging’ombe and Mshewe Wards ..............115Table 2 Socio-economics of Wanging’ombe and Mshewe Wards ..............................116Table 3 Livestock, livestock ownership and herd size .................................................119Table 4 Conservation agriculture research, development and promotion inMbeya and Njombe Districts .........................................................................121Table 5 Conservation agriculture interventions and adoption in Mbeya and NjombeDistricts ..........................................................................................................130Table 6 Mean maize and sunflower yields using ripper and mucuna inWanging’ombe and Mshewe Wards ..............................................................131Table 7 Mean maize yield on farmer trial plots at Mayale in 2001 ............................131Table 8 Benefits from efficiently using inputs and cover crops ...................................134108 Mkomwa et al.