Conservation agriculture Tanzania_casestudy.pdf - Sokoine ...

ContentsAbbreviations .......................................................................................................5Arumeru acknowledgements .................................................................................5Executive summary ..............................................................................................61 Introduction...................................................................................................92 Methodology .................................................................................................9The case study team ...................................................................................................10Identifying conservation agriculture stakeholders and reviewingliterature .....................................................................................................................10Participatory rural appraisals......................................................................................10Field visits ...................................................................................................................103 Context ......................................................................................................11Location ......................................................................................................................11Population ...................................................................................................................11Geography ..................................................................................................................12Rainfall .......................................................................................................................13Drainage ....................................................................................................................13Soils.............................................................................................................................13Economic activities .....................................................................................................13Markets .......................................................................................................................14Mechanization ............................................................................................................14Infrastructure ..............................................................................................................14Economic and cultural characteristics ........................................................................15Health .........................................................................................................................15Farming ......................................................................................................................164 Conservation agriculture history ...................................................................18Institutions ..................................................................................................................185 Conservation agriculture practices ................................................................22Introducing conservation agriculture .........................................................................22Soil fertility and degradation ......................................................................................22Soil erosion .................................................................................................................23Implements and power...............................................................................................23Soil cover ....................................................................................................................24Crop rotation..............................................................................................................25Indigenous knowledge ................................................................................................256 Adapting and diffusing conservation agriculture .............................................26Pathways .....................................................................................................................26Approaches and methods ...........................................................................................27Incentives ...................................................................................................................29Policies and bylaws .....................................................................................................297 Conservation agriculture effects ...................................................................30Agronomics and environment ....................................................................................30Managing soil cover ...................................................................................................34Socio-economics .........................................................................................................35Arumeru District 3