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TheFACTS ON FILEDictionaryof MusicC
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CONTENTSAuthor’s NoteAbbreviation
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ABBREVIATIONSThe following abbrevia
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TheFACTS ON FILEDictionaryof Music
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acoustic 3ers the pitch one half to
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African-American music 5with cowbel
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allemande 7alborada (äl′′ bō
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ancora 9the alto voice is from the
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antiphon 11sometimes the SUBDOMINAN
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ariette 13ACCIACCATURA, which is a
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art rock 15heard (unamplified, ampl
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auxiliary tone 17special gatherings
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BB 1 One of the musical tones (see
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agpipe 21book, Versuch über die wa
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allet 23form (with the same music f
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allet 25SOME FAMOUS BALLETSComposer
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anjo 27among the civilian populatio
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aroque 29baritone horn 1 In America
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Bartók, Béla 31IMPORTANT BAROQUE
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asse danse 33voice with a strong up
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attuta 35now used in virtually ever
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ell 37composers of Western music. B
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Berlin, Irving 39twelve tones of th
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Birtwhistle, Harrison 41B-flat A mu
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lues 43certo, his Concerto Grosso n
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ore 45of whom are Giuseppe Torelli
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owing 47effects, and heavy percussi
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evis 49brass instruments make up th
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Bull, John 51Bruch (broo KH), Max (
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Byzantine chant 53Buxtehude (books
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56 Cabezón, Antonio detheatrical r
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58 caesuraFor older music the missi
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60 campanacampana (käm pä′nä).
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62 canticleother baroque forms, rea
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64 caposix voices, with or without
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66 castanetscastanets (kas′′tə
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68 celloWORKS FOR CELLO FROM 1800 O
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70 chamber operaMendelssohn, and Br
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72 chiaramenteA direc-chiaramente (
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74 chorale motetchorale motet A pol
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76 chordophonechordophone (kôr′d
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78 cinellicinelli (chē nel′lē).
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80 clarinettefig. 67 p/u from p. 84
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82 claviervibrate. The strings’ v
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84 collagerow neck, either two or t
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86 concertanteconcertante (kôn′
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88 concertoIMPORTANT PIANO CONCERTO
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90 concert overtureA concerto gross
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92 contrabasscontrabass (kon′trə
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94 cornetta(the accompanying illust
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96 country rockactivities such as q
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98 Credoacclaim, and she has come t
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100 Cui, Césarflat (see ENHARMONIC
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DD 1 One of the musical tones (see
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Delius, Frederick 105Debussy (dŒ b
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differential tone 107D-flat One of
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dissonance 109dim.Also, dimin. An a
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doo wop 111dodecupledoh (dō).See D
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double bass 113fig. 82 p/u from p.
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Druckman, Jacob 115the most importa
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dulcimer 117early electronic compos
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Dynamophone 119duramente (doo —
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122 editingSchubert wrote écossais
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124 electronic instrumentsas to obt
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126 electronic musiccreate sounds w
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128 empresséempressé (äN pre sā
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130 entr’acteability, or of balan
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132 étudesome other instruments th
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FF 1 One of the musical tones (see
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fantasia 137written out and the cho
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fifth 139feroce (fe rô′che) Ital
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finger hole 141McBoing-Boing; and M
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Flemish school 143flageolet (flaj
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flute 145sizes, the most common of
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form 147songs by such composers as
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free reed 149considered American fo
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frottola 151F was the favorite inst
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funk 153The fugue is thought to be
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GG 1 One of the musical tones (see
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gehalten 157a fiddle called the RAB
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gioco, con 159Youmans, and Kurt Wei
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Glinka, Mikhail 161complete Borodin
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gong 163Gloria (glô′rē ä). 1 A
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great organ 165The chants for this
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Gubaidulina, Sofia 167medieval trad
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guitare 169guitar A stringed instru
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HHThe German term for the note B na
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- Page 200 and 201: hurdy-gurdy (hûr′dē gûr′dē)
- Page 202: Hz. 187Hypoaeolian (hī′′ pō
- Page 205 and 206: 190 impressionismimpressionism The
- Page 207 and 208: 192 inniglong orchestral works, not
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- Page 211 and 212: 196 intonationIn other systems of t
- Page 213 and 214: 198 Italian overtureas - = notes)
- Page 215 and 216: 200 Jaques-Dalcroze, ÉmileJaques-D
- Page 217 and 218: 202 jazz bandfingering instruments,
- Page 220 and 221: KK. 1 Also, K.V. An abbreviation fo
- Page 222 and 223: key bugle 207than between two less
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- Page 226 and 227: Ll. Also, L. An abbreviation for ei
- Page 228 and 229: ledger lines 213rina, one of the tw
- Page 230 and 231: lied 215bered chiefly for a single
- Page 232 and 233: Liszt, Franz 217pitch, especially r
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- Page 236 and 237: lute 221originally have been made f
- Page 240 and 241: Mm. 1 An abbreviation for MINOR. 2
- Page 242 and 243: Mahler, Gustav 227by Thomas Morley
- Page 244 and 245: march 229guitars and banjos, it is
- Page 246 and 247: masque 231the national instrument o
- Page 248 and 249: measure 233use of instruments, and
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- Page 252 and 253: melody 237(passages of notes sung t
- Page 254 and 255: Messiaen, Olivier 239verismo moveme
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- Page 264 and 265: motet 249mosso (“faster”), poco
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- Page 278: nut 263connected by either spoken d
- Page 281 and 282: 266 oboe da cacciaform of oboe, an
- Page 283 and 284: 268 oeuvreor special occasion. Nota
- Page 285 and 286: 270 operahouse was opened. The goal
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274 operaSOME IMPORTANT OPERAS (con
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276 operaSOME IMPORTANT OPERAS (con
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278 operabased on stories from lege
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280 opera house2 In the nineteenth
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282 opus posthumousinclude one or s
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284 orchestraof instruments and the
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286 orchestral scoreBAND; CHAMBER O
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288 organrequired, each with five o
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290 organcloses the shutters, there
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292 organ pointfrom the fifteenth c
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294 ottavaottava (ô tä′vä) Ita
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Pp In scores, an abbreviation for p
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parody 299fig. 175 p/u from p. 309p
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passamezzo 301The term was first us
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pasticcio 303guage, the translated
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pedal note 305pavanAnother word for
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performance art 307includes German
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phrasing 309petuo (mô′tô per pe
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piano 311repeated and the key is qu
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piano concerto 3131924), Webern (Va
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pitch 315piccolo (pik′ə lō, pē
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pointing 317pivot (pi′vət) chord
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popular music 319polymeter (pol′
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Poulenc, Francis 321higher position
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primo 323BAROQUE (with its imitativ
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Proper 325known example is Tchaikov
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Puccini, Giacomo 327use of psalm te
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Qqānūn (kä′noo n) Arabic. Also
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quodlibet 331Adeline” (1903), an
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RR. An abbreviation for either righ
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ap 335mance the syncopation (accent
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echte Hand 337Daphnis et Chloé (la
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eed pipe 339music for soprano recor
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Reich, Steve 341texts of reggae mos
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Renaissance 343IMPORTANT RENAISSANC
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Renaissance 345IMPORTANT RENAISSANC
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esponsory 347fifteenth century, the
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ibab 349ment, including melodic mov
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ock 351lē′nô dä rē pye′nô)
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omanesca 353volume, and violent sta
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Rossini, Gioacchino 355PRINCIPAL RO
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yúteki 357Rückpositif (rYk′ pô
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360 salon musicorchestration, and h
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362 Satzcompositions than for his e
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364 saxotrombasaxotrombaSee SAXTROM
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366 Schlagname. By Beethoven’s ti
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368 Schuller, GuntherHeinrich Heine
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370 scordaturascordatura (skôr′
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372 seconda voltaseconda volta (se
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374 serenatahimself on the mandolin
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376 Sessions, RogerNunc dimittis (o
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378 shakuhachimouthpiece against th
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380 short appoggiaturaused for more
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382 single reedthe east coast of th
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384 sixty-fourth restfourth notes e
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386 soloinstead of letters. The syl
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388 sonata-allegro formcello and ha
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390 song cycletrue solo songs conti
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392 sons bouchésearly composer of
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394 soundboardtra, has a frequency
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396 speaker keyWhile this idea is f
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398 S S Aoctave is divided into twe
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400 stephalf have upward stems, a p
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402 StradTRIPLE STOPPING. Stopping
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404 strettostretto (stret′ô) Ita
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406 string quintetas well as Reger,
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408 submediantsition or section. A
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410 supertitlesupertitle Also, surt
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412 symphonic poemNOTABLE SYMPHONIC
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414 symphonyNOTABLE SYMPHONIES (176
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416 symphonie concertanteNOTABLE SY
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418 syrinxscores to rock groups, an
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420 tabletableAnother word for BELL
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422 tanburastrings are tuned by mea
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424 Telemann, Georg Philippbased on
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426 tenor cortenor corBritish term
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428 theorboEXAMPLES OF THEME AND VA
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430 thoroughbassresigned to devote
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432 Tinctoris, Johannesand the soun
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434 tonantecomposers have abandoned
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436 transposing instrumentssinger o
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438 trillwith a metal beater, with
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440 trombaconsidered an interval to
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442 trouvèreperformed at court. On
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444 tub bassmouthpiece. Three to fi
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446 two-stepfeatures of romanticism
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448 tyrolienneOTHER COMPOSERS FROM
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450 tyrolienneOTHER COMPOSERS FROM
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452 tyrolienneOTHER COMPOSERS FROM
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454 unisunis (Y nē′).SON, def. 1
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456 vampby using valve 3 alone; thi
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458 verismoWindsor), Verdi revealed
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460 videChapel of the Vatican), the
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462 violfrets and are plucked with
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464 violefingerboard. Its name is t
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466 violin clefwith Rodolphe Kreutz
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468 Vittoriameters, and he promoted
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470 voluntaryvoluntary In Anglican
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472 Wagner tubaLiszt’s help Wagne
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474 Webern, Antonoften translated
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476 wind quintetFrench horn, the ai
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478 Würde, mitArchaeopteryx (1978)
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480 yodelnineteenth century it join
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482 Zwischenspielmusic in tradition
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484 The Facts On File Dictionary of
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486 The Facts On File Dictionary of
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488 The Facts On File Dictionary of
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INDEX OF INSTRUMENTSAaccordion 3Aeo
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Index of Instruments 493gender 158G
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Index of Instruments 495tambour de