Dictionary of Music - Birding America

tanbur 421talon, au (ō tA lôN′) French. A direction to playwith the frog end of the bow (the part nearest thehand).tambour (täN boo r′). The French word forDRUM. The French term for SNARE DRUM is tambourmilitaire (mē lēter′).tambour de Basque (täN boo r′ də bAsk′).French term for TAMBOURINE.Thetambourin (täN boo raN′) French. 1 An 18thcenturydance form based on an older Provençaldance that features accompaniment with a drum(also called tambourin) and pipe. In keyboardpieces by Rameau, mostly in a lively 2/4 meter, thebass (left-hand) part imitates the steady drumbeatand the right hand plays rapid figures imitatingthe pipe. 2 Also, tambourin de Provence. A largedouble-headed drum, with a cylindrical body andsingle snare in the upper head, that was played toaccompany dancing. It was played with a singlestick and was generally used with a small flutecalled galoubet. 3 Also, tambourin de Béarn (täNboo raN′ də bā Arn′). A small zither with gutstrings, which were struck with a stick. It soundedonly two notes, a fifth apart, and it, too, accompanieddancing and was played together with a galoubet(see def. 2); the zither was hung around theplayer’s neck and played with one hand while theother held the pipe.tambourine (tam bə rēn′). A shallow drum, consistingof a head of parchment or calfskin that isstretched over a wooden hoop strung with metalplates. When the drum is struck, rubbed, or shaken,the metal plates bang together, making a jinglingsound. Instruments similar to tambourines have beenused since ancient times. The medieval timbrel wasone of the first that combined a single head with jingles.Used to accompany dancing, the tambourinewas introduced into the orchestra in the eighteenthcentury in imitation of Turkish military music (seeJANISSARY MUSIC), and in time it became a standardmember of the percussion section of the orchestra.tambura (dum boo r′ə) Hindi. Also spelled tanboura,tanbura. A long-necked lute used in India toaccompany the singing of ragas (see RAGA). It hasfour or five metal strings, which are always playedopen (without being stopped), so that each soundsonly a single note. The tambura thus serves as adrone (provides a single, continuous sound). Theinstrument’s body is made of wood or of a roundgourd. The player holds it upright and strums thestrings with the forefinger of one hand. The tuningof the strings is changed to suit the particular ragabeing performed.tamburo (täm boo r′ô).fig. 234 p/u from p. 441The Italian word for DRUM.tampon (tam′pon). A drumstick with two heads.Held in the middle, it is used to produce a roll (usuallyon the bass drum) by means of a rapid shakingof the wrist, so that the two heads alternately strikethe drumhead.tam-tam (tam′tam, tum′tum).See under GONG.fig. 233 p/u from p. 440tanbur (tän boo r′) Persian. A lute with a longneck, pear-shaped body, and metal strings, which isplayed in many countries of southeastern Europeand the Near East. The number of strings varies.Stopping positions are indicated by frets, and the