Dictionary of Music - Birding America

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Index of Composers 485Elgar, Edward 127Ellington, Edward “Duke” 127Enesco, Georges 128FFalla, Manuel de 136Farnaby, Giles 343Fauré, Gabriel 138Fayrfax, Robert 343Feldman, Morton 448Ferneyhough, Brian 448Ferrabosco, Alfonso, I 343Ferrabosco, Alfonso, II 231, 343Field, John 260Filtz, Anton 229Finck, Heinrich 216Fine, Irving 448Finney, Ross Lee 448Finzi, Gerald 448Fischer, Johann KasperFerdinand 30, 153Flesch, Carl 466Flotow, Friedrich von 275Floyd, Carlisle 276, 448Forqueray, Antoine 462Fortner, Wolfgang 448Foss, Lukas 148Foster, Stephen 148Franck, César 149Franco of Cologne 235Frauenlob 235Frederick the Great 322Frescobaldi, Girolamo 151Friml, Rudolf 280, 281Froberger, Johann 151Frye, Walter 343GGabrieli, Andrea 155Gabrieli, Giovanni 155Gabrielli, Domenico 45Gade, Niels 355Galuppi, Baldassare 279Gastoldi, Giovanni 26Geminiani, Francesco 158, 465Gerhard, Roberto 448Gershwin, George 158Gershwin, Ira 158Gesualdo, Don Carlo 343Giannini, Vittorio 277Gibbons, Christopher 159Gibbons, Orlando 159Gilbert, William S. 159Ginastera, Alberto 87, 448Giordano, Umberto 270Giovanni da Cascia 15, 235Glass, Philip 160Glazunov, Alexander 24, 161Glière, Reinhold 161Glinka, Mikhail 161Gluck, Christoph 163Goehr, Alexander 448Golijov, Osvaldo 303Gombert, Nicolas 343Górecki, Henryk 448Gottschalk, Louis Moreau 164Gould, Morton 448Gounod, Charles 164Grainger, Percy 165Granados, Enrique 165Graun, Karl Heinrich 322Gregor, Christian 248Grétry, André 80, 279Grieg, Edvard 167Griffes, Charles 167Grofé, Ferde 15Gruber, Franz 65Gubaidulina, Sofia 167, 303Guerrero, Francisco 344Guido d’Arezzo 168Guthrie, Arlo 170Guthrie, Woody 170HHába, Alois 241Halévy, Fromental 171Handel, George Frideric 172Handy, W. C. 172Hanon, Charles-Louis 141Hanson, Howard 172Harbison, John 173Harris, Roy 448Harrison, Lou 178Hartke, Stephen 448Hartmann, John Peder Emilus24Hartmann, Karl A. 448Hasse, Johann Adolf 270, 280Hassler, Hans Leo 344Hauer, Josef 374Haydn, Franz Josef 179Haydn, Michael 180Henry, Pierre 24, 448Hensel See Mendelssohn,FannyHenze, Hans Werner 181, 274Herbert, Victor 181Herbst, Johannes 248Hidalgo, Juan 480Herrmann, Bernard 141Hiller, Lejaren 448Hindemith, Paul 157, 182, 259Hofhaimer, Paul 216Holden, Oliver 444Holmbae, Vagn 448Holst, Gustav 183Holyoke, Samuel 444Holzbauer, Ignaz 229Honegger, Arthur 184Hotteterre, Jacques 145Hovhaness, Alan 448Huber, Klaus 449Hummel, Johann Nepomuk 185Humperdinck, Engelbert 185Husa, Karel 89, 449Hyla, Lee 449IIbert, Jacques 449Imbrie, Andrew 449
486 The Facts On File Dictionary of MusicIndy, Vincent d’ 191Isaac, Heinrich 344Ives, Charles 198JJacopo da Bologna 15, 235Jacques de Liège 235Janáček, Leoš 199Janequin, Clément 199Jaques-Dalcroze, Émile 200Jehan de Lescurel 235Joachim, Joseph 466Johannes de Muris 15, 235Jolas, Betsy 449Jolivet, André 449Jommelli, Niccolò 278Joplin, Scott 335Josquin des Prez 203KKabalevsky, Dmitri 89, 449Kagel, Mauricio 291, 449Kálmán, Imre 281Kancheli, Giya 449Kay, Hershy 15Keiser, Reinhard 270Kern, Jerome 206Kernis, Aaron Jay 449Khatchaturian, Aram 208Kirchner, Leon 449Klebe, Giselher 449Knussen, Oliver 87, 277, 449Kodály, Zoltán 209Kolb, Barbara 449Korngold, Erich 141Koussevitsky, Serge 113Kreisler, Fritz 210Křenek, Ernst 274, 375, 449Kreutzer, Rodolphe 466Krieger, Johann 30Kubik, Gail 140Kuhnau, Johann 30Kupferman, Meyer 202, 375Kurka, Robert 273Kurtág, György 449LLachenmann, Helmut 449Laderman, Ezra 448Lalo, Édouard 87, 89Lambert, Constant 24Lam Bung-Ching 449Landini, Francesco 14, 212Lanier, Nicholas 232Lansky, Paul 449Larsen, Libby 449La Rue, Pierre de 344Lasso, Orlando di 212Law, Andrew 444Lawes, Henry 232Lawes, William 23Lazarov, Henri 449Leclair, Jean-Marie 465Lehár, Franz 214LeJeune, Claude 344Leoncavallo, Ruggero 214Leonin 14, 215Liebermann, Lowell 449Liebermann, Rolf 449Lieberson, Peter 449Ligeti, György 216Liszt, Franz 217Locatelli, Pietro 30, 93Locke, Matthew 30Loesser, Frank 219Loewe, Frederick 219Loewe, Karl 219Lomax, Alan 147Lomax, John A. 147Lortzing, Gustav 277Lucier, Alvin 450Luening, Otto 450Lully, Jean Baptiste 24, 220,294Lutoslawski, Witold 222Lutyens, Elizabeth 375, 450MMacDowell, Edward 225Machaut, Guillaume de 15,225Machover, Tod 125, 450Macmillan, James 303, 450Maderna, Bruno 450Mahler, Gustav 227Malipiero, Gian F. 450Marais, Marin, 30 462Marenzio, Luca 344Marini, Biagio 30, 465Marin Marais See MaraisMarley, Bob 341Marpurg, Friedrich Wilhelm322Martin, Frank 283, 375,450Martini, Padre Giovanni 80Martino, Donald 450Martin , Bohuslav 231Martín y Soler See SolerMascagni, Pietro 231Massenet, Jules 233Matteo da Perugia 235Maw, Nicholas 87, 259, 450Maxwell Davies See DaviesMayuzumi, Toshiro 450Méhul, Étienne 80Mendelssohn, Felix 238Mendelssohn-Hensel, Fanny238Menotti, Gian Carlo 238Merulo, Claudio 344Messiaen, Olivier 239, 291Meyerbeer, Giacomo 241Miki, Minoru 450Milán, Luis 242Milhaud, Darius 242Millöcker, Karl 281Monk, Meredith 308Monn, Georg 89, 322Monte, Philippe de 344Montemezzi, Italo 270Monteverdi, Claudio 247
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TheFACTS ON FILEDictionaryof MusicC
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CONTENTSAuthor’s NoteAbbreviation
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ABBREVIATIONSThe following abbrevia
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TheFACTS ON FILEDictionaryof Music
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acoustic 3ers the pitch one half to
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African-American music 5with cowbel
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allemande 7alborada (äl′′ bō
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ancora 9the alto voice is from the
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antiphon 11sometimes the SUBDOMINAN
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ariette 13ACCIACCATURA, which is a
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art rock 15heard (unamplified, ampl
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auxiliary tone 17special gatherings
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BB 1 One of the musical tones (see
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agpipe 21book, Versuch über die wa
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allet 23form (with the same music f
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allet 25SOME FAMOUS BALLETSComposer
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anjo 27among the civilian populatio
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aroque 29baritone horn 1 In America
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Bartók, Béla 31IMPORTANT BAROQUE
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asse danse 33voice with a strong up
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attuta 35now used in virtually ever
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ell 37composers of Western music. B
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Berlin, Irving 39twelve tones of th
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Birtwhistle, Harrison 41B-flat A mu
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lues 43certo, his Concerto Grosso n
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ore 45of whom are Giuseppe Torelli
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owing 47effects, and heavy percussi
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evis 49brass instruments make up th
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Bull, John 51Bruch (broo KH), Max (
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Byzantine chant 53Buxtehude (books
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56 Cabezón, Antonio detheatrical r
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58 caesuraFor older music the missi
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60 campanacampana (käm pä′nä).
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62 canticleother baroque forms, rea
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64 caposix voices, with or without
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66 castanetscastanets (kas′′tə
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68 celloWORKS FOR CELLO FROM 1800 O
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70 chamber operaMendelssohn, and Br
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72 chiaramenteA direc-chiaramente (
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74 chorale motetchorale motet A pol
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76 chordophonechordophone (kôr′d
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78 cinellicinelli (chē nel′lē).
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80 clarinettefig. 67 p/u from p. 84
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82 claviervibrate. The strings’ v
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84 collagerow neck, either two or t
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86 concertanteconcertante (kôn′
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88 concertoIMPORTANT PIANO CONCERTO
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90 concert overtureA concerto gross
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92 contrabasscontrabass (kon′trə
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94 cornetta(the accompanying illust
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96 country rockactivities such as q
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98 Credoacclaim, and she has come t
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100 Cui, Césarflat (see ENHARMONIC
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DD 1 One of the musical tones (see
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Delius, Frederick 105Debussy (dŒ b
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differential tone 107D-flat One of
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dissonance 109dim.Also, dimin. An a
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doo wop 111dodecupledoh (dō).See D
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double bass 113fig. 82 p/u from p.
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Druckman, Jacob 115the most importa
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dulcimer 117early electronic compos
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Dynamophone 119duramente (doo —
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122 editingSchubert wrote écossais
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124 electronic instrumentsas to obt
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126 electronic musiccreate sounds w
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128 empresséempressé (äN pre sā
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130 entr’acteability, or of balan
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132 étudesome other instruments th
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FF 1 One of the musical tones (see
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fantasia 137written out and the cho
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fifth 139feroce (fe rô′che) Ital
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finger hole 141McBoing-Boing; and M
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Flemish school 143flageolet (flaj
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flute 145sizes, the most common of
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form 147songs by such composers as
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free reed 149considered American fo
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frottola 151F was the favorite inst
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funk 153The fugue is thought to be
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GG 1 One of the musical tones (see
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gehalten 157a fiddle called the RAB
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gioco, con 159Youmans, and Kurt Wei
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Glinka, Mikhail 161complete Borodin
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gong 163Gloria (glô′rē ä). 1 A
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great organ 165The chants for this
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Gubaidulina, Sofia 167medieval trad
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guitare 169guitar A stringed instru
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HHThe German term for the note B na
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harmonica 173symphonies, the opera
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harmonium 175beats of music are con
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harpsichord 177notes outside that s
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Haydn, Franz Joseph 179Some of his
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hexachord 181baroque instrumental s
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homophony 183the ballets Nobilissim
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hurdy-gurdy (hûr′dē gûr′dē)
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Hz. 187Hypoaeolian (hī′′ pō
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190 impressionismimpressionism The
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192 inniglong orchestral works, not
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194 interpretationLUDE, def. 2. 3 A
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196 intonationIn other systems of t
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198 Italian overtureas - = notes)
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200 Jaques-Dalcroze, ÉmileJaques-D
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202 jazz bandfingering instruments,
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KK. 1 Also, K.V. An abbreviation fo
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key bugle 207than between two less
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Kodály, Zoltán 209The kithara con
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Ll. Also, L. An abbreviation for ei
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ledger lines 213rina, one of the tw
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lied 215bered chiefly for a single
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Liszt, Franz 217pitch, especially r
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lullaby 219may have been programmed
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lute 221originally have been made f
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lyric soprano 223Lyres were played
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226 madrigalstanzas of three lines
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228 mainmain (maN) pl. mains (maN)
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230 marching bandnearly always in d
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232 Massfamous masque, John Milton
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234 mechanical instruments3 In fift
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236 medleyNOTABLE MEDIEVAL MUSICIAN
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238 melody typeis the basis of rhyt
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240 mestoof tone is apparent in his
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242 MIDIbelow the treble staff and
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244 minor intervaland both left the
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246 modern musicmodern musicFROM 19
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248 Moravian musiccomposing and tea
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250 motiftrend was more toward chor
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252 mplearned the art of quartet wr
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254 musicologyled the audience in c
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256 mystical minimalismshaped piece
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258 naturalcould combine both folkl
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260 new age musicthe eleventh centu
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262 notes and restsuntil the mid-tw
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Oo 1 In scores, a sign placed over
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ode 267known composers to write pur
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opera 269op.Also, Op. An abbreviati
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opera 271SOME IMPORTANT OPERASTitle
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opéra-comique 279tury, with the ou
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opus 281SOME FAMOUS OPERETTASTitle
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orchestra 283SOME NOTABLE ORATORIOS
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orchestra 285II. Brasses (13 to 18)
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organ 287Shortly after World War I
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organ 289this family of pipes, amon
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organ Mass 291those of the baroque,
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ôtez 293ornaments, especially in k
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ovvero 295Scarlatti. This form, whi
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298 palletgreatest composers of chu
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300 parody MassMozart’s Ein Musik
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302 passecaillewell as to fill in t
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304 pastoralkind of pasticcio is as
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306 pedal organpedal organ The divi
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308 performance practicewhich usual
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310 Phrygianpitch, just as a play o
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312 pianoMUSIC FOR TWO PIANOSCompos
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314 piano duetpiano duet A piece fo
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316 pitch bendhave been internation
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318 polaccaA Polish dance, usu-pola
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320 portamentoon include BLUES, COU
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322 pousséremarkable gift for writ
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324 principal(first oboe, first flu
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326 proportionproportion In MENSURA
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328 pulsethat is outstanding. Arias
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330 quality, tonequality, toneSee T
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332 quotation, musicalmelody in one
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334 racket bassoonseventeenth centu
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336 rappresentativo, stileimprovise
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338 recitalrecital A public perform
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340 reelreel A lively dance for two
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342 related keycreated with a score
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344 RenaissanceIMPORTANT RENAISSANC
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346 repeatsecular vocal music was t
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348 restrest A silence or pause in
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350 ribibleribibleAnother name for
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352 rocklove ballads but deal also
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354 romanticismNarváez, Antonio de
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356 rounding the next fifteen years
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SS. 1 In choral music, an abbreviat
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Satie, Erik 361sansa (sän′sä).
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saxophone 363ferent sizes of saxhor
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scherzo 365later works he developed
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Schubert, Franz 367KLANGFARBENMELOD
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scoop 369Love and Life”) and Dich
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secondary dominant 371out separatel
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serenade 373best-known examples are
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service 375published in 1923), Erns
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shake 377teenth century), and James
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shofar 379board), seven string quar
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singing school 381sicilianosicilien
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sixty-fourth note British, hemidemi
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solmization 385himself, he took a c
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sonata 387players, the second playe
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song 389suite (see BINARY FORM). Th
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sonic environment 391NOTABLE SONG C
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chords (voice); (4) a solid body is
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spatial music 395neglected instrume
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sruti 397spirito, conSee SPIRITOSO.
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stem 399not the pitches but the ins
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stopping 401Stockhausen (shtok′ho
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stretta 403“Four Last Songs,” w
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string quartet 405string orchestra
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subject Also, theme. A melody, usua
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superius 409Couperin and Rameau. Th
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symphonic poem 411tures of both. A
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symphony 413invented the name (sinf
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symphony 415NOTABLE SYMPHONIES (176
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synthesizer 417first beat for the l
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TT 1 In choral music, an abbreviati
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tanbur 421talon, au (ō tA lôN′)
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Te Deum 423fingerboard (of violins,
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tenor clef 425most of the “errors
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theme and variations 427G A B C. Th
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Thomson, Virgil 429frets were too f
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timpani 431time signature A sign co
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tonality 433sections, used a few at
Page 450 and 451: transpose 435tonic accentSee under
Page 452 and 453: triangle 437son, for example, the f
Page 454 and 455: tritone 439and the bottom part is a
Page 456 and 457: troubadour 441In addition, at vario
Page 458 and 459: tuba 443all have piston valves but
Page 460 and 461: twentieth-century music—from 1900
Page 462 and 463: tyrolienne 447OTHER COMPOSERS FROM
Page 468 and 469: UÜbung (Y′boo nk) German. 1 An
Page 470 and 471: VV. 1 An abbreviation for VIOLIN. 2
Page 472 and 473: Verdi, Giuseppe 457his interest in
Page 474 and 475: Victoria, Tomás Luis de 459which a
Page 476 and 477: vina 461vihuela de arco (vē wā′
Page 478 and 479: viola d’amore 463great virtuoso,
Page 480 and 481: violin 465the tailpiece (the ordina
Page 482 and 483: Vitry, Philippe de 467important sch
Page 484 and 485: volume 469voice 1 Another term for
Page 486 and 487: WWagner (väg′nər), Richard (riK
Page 488 and 489: Weber, Carl Maria von 473appeal lie
Page 490 and 491: wind instruments 475eighth, etc.—
Page 492 and 493: Wuorinen, Charles 477bassoon are pl
Page 494 and 495: XYZXenakis (ze nak′əs), Iannis (
Page 496 and 497: Zwilich, Ellen Taaffe 481twenty-one
Page 498 and 499: INDEX OF COMPOSERSThis index direct
Page 502 and 503: Index of Composers 487Moore, Dougla
Page 504: Index of Composers 489Weill, Kurt 4
Page 507 and 508: 492 The Facts On File Dictionary of
Page 509 and 510: 494 The Facts On File Dictionary of
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Dictionary of Music - Birding America

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