Dictionary of Music - Birding America

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Index <strong>of</strong> Composers 489Weill, Kurt 474Weir, Judith 271, 452Weisgall, Hugo 452Wellesz, Egon 25, 452Wert, Giaches de 345Wesley, Charles 186Widor, Charles-Marie 291, 475Wieck See Schumann, ClaraWieckWieniawsky, Henryk 475Wilbye, John 345Willaert, Adrian 475William IX <strong>of</strong> Poitiers 236Williams, John 141Williams, Ralph See VaughanWilliamsWolf, Hugo 476Wolf-Ferrari, Ermanno 276Wolfram von Eschenbach 236Wolpe, Stefan 375, 452Wuorinen, Charles 375, 477XXenakis, Iannis 479YYoung, LaMonte 392, 452Ysaÿe, Eugène 466ZZandonai, Riccardo 273Zemlinsky, Alexander 452Zimmermann, Bernd Alois 68,276, 452Zwilich, Ellen 481
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TheFACTS ON FILEDictionaryof MusicC
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CONTENTSAuthor’s NoteAbbreviation
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ABBREVIATIONSThe following abbrevia
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TheFACTS ON FILEDictionaryof Music
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acoustic 3ers the pitch one half to
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African-American music 5with cowbel
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allemande 7alborada (äl′′ bō
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ancora 9the alto voice is from the
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antiphon 11sometimes the SUBDOMINAN
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ariette 13ACCIACCATURA, which is a
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art rock 15heard (unamplified, ampl
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auxiliary tone 17special gatherings
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BB 1 One of the musical tones (see
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agpipe 21book, Versuch über die wa
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allet 23form (with the same music f
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allet 25SOME FAMOUS BALLETSComposer
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anjo 27among the civilian populatio
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aroque 29baritone horn 1 In America
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Bartók, Béla 31IMPORTANT BAROQUE
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asse danse 33voice with a strong up
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attuta 35now used in virtually ever
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ell 37composers of Western music. B
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Berlin, Irving 39twelve tones of th
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Birtwhistle, Harrison 41B-flat A mu
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lues 43certo, his Concerto Grosso n
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ore 45of whom are Giuseppe Torelli
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owing 47effects, and heavy percussi
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evis 49brass instruments make up th
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Bull, John 51Bruch (broo KH), Max (
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Byzantine chant 53Buxtehude (books
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56 Cabezón, Antonio detheatrical r
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58 caesuraFor older music the missi
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60 campanacampana (käm pä′nä).
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62 canticleother baroque forms, rea
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64 caposix voices, with or without
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66 castanetscastanets (kas′′tə
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68 celloWORKS FOR CELLO FROM 1800 O
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70 chamber operaMendelssohn, and Br
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72 chiaramenteA direc-chiaramente (
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74 chorale motetchorale motet A pol
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76 chordophonechordophone (kôr′d
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78 cinellicinelli (chē nel′lē).
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80 clarinettefig. 67 p/u from p. 84
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82 claviervibrate. The strings’ v
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84 collagerow neck, either two or t
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86 concertanteconcertante (kôn′
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88 concertoIMPORTANT PIANO CONCERTO
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90 concert overtureA concerto gross
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92 contrabasscontrabass (kon′trə
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94 cornetta(the accompanying illust
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96 country rockactivities such as q
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98 Credoacclaim, and she has come t
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100 Cui, Césarflat (see ENHARMONIC
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DD 1 One of the musical tones (see
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Delius, Frederick 105Debussy (dŒ b
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differential tone 107D-flat One of
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dissonance 109dim.Also, dimin. An a
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doo wop 111dodecupledoh (dō).See D
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double bass 113fig. 82 p/u from p.
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Druckman, Jacob 115the most importa
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dulcimer 117early electronic compos
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Dynamophone 119duramente (doo —
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122 editingSchubert wrote écossais
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124 electronic instrumentsas to obt
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126 electronic musiccreate sounds w
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128 empresséempressé (äN pre sā
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130 entr’acteability, or of balan
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132 étudesome other instruments th
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FF 1 One of the musical tones (see
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fantasia 137written out and the cho
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fifth 139feroce (fe rô′che) Ital
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finger hole 141McBoing-Boing; and M
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Flemish school 143flageolet (flaj
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flute 145sizes, the most common of
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form 147songs by such composers as
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free reed 149considered American fo
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frottola 151F was the favorite inst
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funk 153The fugue is thought to be
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GG 1 One of the musical tones (see
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gehalten 157a fiddle called the RAB
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gioco, con 159Youmans, and Kurt Wei
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Glinka, Mikhail 161complete Borodin
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gong 163Gloria (glô′rē ä). 1 A
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great organ 165The chants for this
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Gubaidulina, Sofia 167medieval trad
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guitare 169guitar A stringed instru
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HHThe German term for the note B na
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harmonica 173symphonies, the opera
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harmonium 175beats of music are con
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harpsichord 177notes outside that s
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Haydn, Franz Joseph 179Some of his
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hexachord 181baroque instrumental s
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homophony 183the ballets Nobilissim
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hurdy-gurdy (hûr′dē gûr′dē)
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Hz. 187Hypoaeolian (hī′′ pō
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190 impressionismimpressionism The
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192 inniglong orchestral works, not
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194 interpretationLUDE, def. 2. 3 A
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196 intonationIn other systems of t
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198 Italian overtureas - = notes)
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200 Jaques-Dalcroze, ÉmileJaques-D
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202 jazz bandfingering instruments,
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KK. 1 Also, K.V. An abbreviation fo
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key bugle 207than between two less
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Kodály, Zoltán 209The kithara con
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Ll. Also, L. An abbreviation for ei
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ledger lines 213rina, one of the tw
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lied 215bered chiefly for a single
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Liszt, Franz 217pitch, especially r
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lullaby 219may have been programmed
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lute 221originally have been made f
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lyric soprano 223Lyres were played
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226 madrigalstanzas of three lines
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228 mainmain (maN) pl. mains (maN)
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230 marching bandnearly always in d
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232 Massfamous masque, John Milton
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234 mechanical instruments3 In fift
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236 medleyNOTABLE MEDIEVAL MUSICIAN
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238 melody typeis the basis of rhyt
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240 mestoof tone is apparent in his
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242 MIDIbelow the treble staff and
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244 minor intervaland both left the
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246 modern musicmodern musicFROM 19
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248 Moravian musiccomposing and tea
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250 motiftrend was more toward chor
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252 mplearned the art of quartet wr
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254 musicologyled the audience in c
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256 mystical minimalismshaped piece
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258 naturalcould combine both folkl
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260 new age musicthe eleventh centu
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262 notes and restsuntil the mid-tw
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Oo 1 In scores, a sign placed over
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ode 267known composers to write pur
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opera 269op.Also, Op. An abbreviati
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opera 271SOME IMPORTANT OPERASTitle
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opéra-comique 279tury, with the ou
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opus 281SOME FAMOUS OPERETTASTitle
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orchestra 283SOME NOTABLE ORATORIOS
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orchestra 285II. Brasses (13 to 18)
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organ 287Shortly after World War I
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organ 289this family of pipes, amon
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organ Mass 291those of the baroque,
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ôtez 293ornaments, especially in k
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ovvero 295Scarlatti. This form, whi
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298 palletgreatest composers of chu
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300 parody MassMozart’s Ein Musik
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302 passecaillewell as to fill in t
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304 pastoralkind of pasticcio is as
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306 pedal organpedal organ The divi
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308 performance practicewhich usual
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310 Phrygianpitch, just as a play o
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312 pianoMUSIC FOR TWO PIANOSCompos
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314 piano duetpiano duet A piece fo
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316 pitch bendhave been internation
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318 polaccaA Polish dance, usu-pola
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320 portamentoon include BLUES, COU
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322 pousséremarkable gift for writ
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324 principal(first oboe, first flu
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326 proportionproportion In MENSURA
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328 pulsethat is outstanding. Arias
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330 quality, tonequality, toneSee T
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332 quotation, musicalmelody in one
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334 racket bassoonseventeenth centu
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336 rappresentativo, stileimprovise
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338 recitalrecital A public perform
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340 reelreel A lively dance for two
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342 related keycreated with a score
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344 RenaissanceIMPORTANT RENAISSANC
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346 repeatsecular vocal music was t
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348 restrest A silence or pause in
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350 ribibleribibleAnother name for
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352 rocklove ballads but deal also
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354 romanticismNarváez, Antonio de
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356 rounding the next fifteen years
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SS. 1 In choral music, an abbreviat
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Satie, Erik 361sansa (sän′sä).
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saxophone 363ferent sizes of saxhor
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scherzo 365later works he developed
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Schubert, Franz 367KLANGFARBENMELOD
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scoop 369Love and Life”) and Dich
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secondary dominant 371out separatel
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serenade 373best-known examples are
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service 375published in 1923), Erns
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shake 377teenth century), and James
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shofar 379board), seven string quar
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singing school 381sicilianosicilien
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sixty-fourth note British, hemidemi
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solmization 385himself, he took a c
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sonata 387players, the second playe
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song 389suite (see BINARY FORM). Th
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sonic environment 391NOTABLE SONG C
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chords (voice); (4) a solid body is
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spatial music 395neglected instrume
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sruti 397spirito, conSee SPIRITOSO.
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stem 399not the pitches but the ins
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stopping 401Stockhausen (shtok′ho
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stretta 403“Four Last Songs,” w
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string quartet 405string orchestra
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subject Also, theme. A melody, usua
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superius 409Couperin and Rameau. Th
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symphonic poem 411tures of both. A
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symphony 413invented the name (sinf
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symphony 415NOTABLE SYMPHONIES (176
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synthesizer 417first beat for the l
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TT 1 In choral music, an abbreviati
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tanbur 421talon, au (ō tA lôN′)
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Te Deum 423fingerboard (of violins,
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tenor clef 425most of the “errors
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theme and variations 427G A B C. Th
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Thomson, Virgil 429frets were too f
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timpani 431time signature A sign co
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tonality 433sections, used a few at
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transpose 435tonic accentSee under
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triangle 437son, for example, the f
Page 454 and 455: tritone 439and the bottom part is a
Page 456 and 457: troubadour 441In addition, at vario
Page 458 and 459: tuba 443all have piston valves but
Page 460 and 461: twentieth-century music—from 1900
Page 462 and 463: tyrolienne 447OTHER COMPOSERS FROM
Page 468 and 469: UÜbung (Y′boo nk) German. 1 An
Page 470 and 471: VV. 1 An abbreviation for VIOLIN. 2
Page 472 and 473: Verdi, Giuseppe 457his interest in
Page 474 and 475: Victoria, Tomás Luis de 459which a
Page 476 and 477: vina 461vihuela de arco (vē wā′
Page 478 and 479: viola d’amore 463great virtuoso,
Page 480 and 481: violin 465the tailpiece (the ordina
Page 482 and 483: Vitry, Philippe de 467important sch
Page 484 and 485: volume 469voice 1 Another term for
Page 486 and 487: WWagner (väg′nər), Richard (riK
Page 488 and 489: Weber, Carl Maria von 473appeal lie
Page 490 and 491: wind instruments 475eighth, etc.—
Page 492 and 493: Wuorinen, Charles 477bassoon are pl
Page 494 and 495: XYZXenakis (ze nak′əs), Iannis (
Page 496 and 497: Zwilich, Ellen Taaffe 481twenty-one
Page 498 and 499: INDEX OF COMPOSERSThis index direct
Page 500 and 501: Index of Composers 485Elgar, Edward
Page 502 and 503: Index of Composers 487Moore, Dougla
Page 506 and 507: INDEX OF INSTRUMENTSAaccordion 3Aeo
Page 508 and 509: Index of Instruments 493gender 158G
Page 510: Index of Instruments 495tambour de
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