Ninth International Conference on Permafrost ... - IARC Research

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A Provisional 1:50,000 Scale Soil Map of Wright Valley, AntarcticaM. McLeodLandcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton, New ZealandJ.G. BockheimDepartment of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1299, USAM.R. BalksDepartment of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New ZealandIntroductionDuring the austral summers of 2005–2007, we mappedsoils and permafrost form within Wright Valley, Antarctica,for use at a scale of 1:50,000. Wright Valley, within theMcMurdo Dry Valley region of Northern Victoria Land,extends 53 km from the Wright Lower Glacier, a lobe of theWilson Piedmont Glacier, to the Wright Upper Glacier, anoutlet glacier from the East Antarctic ice sheet. The OnyxRiver flows seasonally from Wright Lower Glacier inland 30km to Lake Vanda, which is 90 m a.s.l. The study area alsoincludes the Dais, Labyrinth and the North and South Forks.Although many soils have been described in central WrightValley, they have primarily been used to aid and interpretsurficial geologic deposits and assign ages/names to developa glacial chronology. Renewed interest in environmentalclassification in a spatial framework (Waterhouse 2001)has led to the demand for soil and permafrost maps ofAntarctica. This paper presents preliminary results fromthose investigations.MethodsStereo-pair aerial photographs of Wright Valley wereexamined with preliminary soil boundaries plotted onto aGIS-based geo-referenced satellite image (http://usarc.usgs.gov/ant-ogc-viewer/declasdownload.htm) and a hill shadeimage built from a 2 m post-processed resolution LIDARfile (http://usarc.usgs.gov/ant-ogc-viewer/lidardownload.htm) at 1:50,000 scale.Fieldwork was undertaken to validate the preliminaryboundaries and determine the nature of surface geology, soils,and permafrost. About 300 small test pits were excavated,described, and classified following Soil Taxonomy (SoilSurvey Staff 2003) and located by GPS. The soil pits werethen backfilled. Weathering stage follows Campbell andClaridge (1975), while salt stage follows Bockheim (1990).Soil boundaries were upgraded daily in the field using theGPS and soil pit information. At 118 locations larger pitswere dug to at least 70 cm (unless ice-cemented permafrostor boulders were encountered), with the soil being sampledby horizon. Both 2 mm fractions were weighed,with the
Ni n t h In t e r n at i o n a l Co n f e r e n c e o n Pe r m a f r o s tsurface or as Anhyorthel/Anhyturbels, where ice-cementedpermafrost first occurs below 70 cm. Gelisols were furthersubdivided into subgroups on the basis of presence orabsence of soluble salts (e.g., salic, gypsic, nitric, petrosalic,and petrogypsic).DiscussionAlthough 8 broad groups of parent materials have beenidentified, the soil pattern is also strongly influenced by soilclimate. At low elevation (
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ContentsPreface ...................
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Mapping and Modeling the Distributi
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Satellite Observations of Frozen Gr
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xiiIce Wedge Thermal Regime in Nort
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xivPermafrost Response to Dynamics
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NICOP SponsorsUniversitiesUniversit
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Deep Permafrost Studies at the Lupi
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Effect of Fire on Pond Dynamics in
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Cryological Status of Russian Soils
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Acoustical Surveys of Methane Plume
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Permafrost Delineation Near Fairban
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Preparatory Work for a Permanent Ge
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A Provisional Soil Map of the Trans
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Martian Permafrost Depths from Orbi
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Time Series Analyses of Active Micr
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Impact of Permafrost Degradation on
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DC Resistivity Soundings Across a P
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Modeling Thermal and Moisture Regim
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A Provisional Permafrost Map of the
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Alpine Permafrost Distribution at M
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Cryogenic Formations of the Caucasu
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Modeling Potential Climatic Change
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A Hypothesis: A Condition of Growth
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Modeled Continual Surface Water Sto
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Freeze/Thaw Properties of Tundra So
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Discontinuous Permafrost Distributi
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Thermal Regime Within an Arctic Was
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Seasonal and Interannual Variabilit
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Twelve-Year Thaw Progression Data f
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Continued Permafrost Warming in Nor
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Landsliding Following Forest Fire o
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A Permafrost Model Incorporating Dy
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Seasonal Sources of Soil Respiratio
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Greenland Permafrost Temperature Si
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The Importance of Snow Cover Evolut
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The Account of Long-Term Air Temper
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The Combined Isotopic Analysis of L
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Adaptating and Managing Nunavik’s
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Human Experience of Cryospheric Cha
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HiRISE Observations of Fractured Mo
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A Soil Freeze-Thaw Model Through th
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Mapping and Modeling the Distributi
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First Results of Ground Surface Tem
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Historical Changes in the Seasonall
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Rock Glaciers in the Kåfjord Area,
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Snowpack Evolution on Permafrost, N
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Climate Change in Permafrost Region
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Maximizing Construction Season in a
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Pleistocene Sand-Wedge, Composite-W
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370Huang, B. 339Hugelius, G. 105, 1
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