Trafficking in Human Beings in Southeastern Europe - Iom

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Trafficking in Human Beingsin Southeastern EuropeSummary andRecommendations1.2.2. Stability Pact Task Force on Trafficking in Human BeingsSPTTF provides a co-ordination framework for governments and other relevantactors in their fight against trafficking in human beings. Currently, SPTTFfunctions as supporting institution, stimulating activities at the regional leveland providing a framework for developing national structures. The NPAsdeveloped in all countries (with exception of Croatia), are based on the guidelinesfor national plans of action as set out by the SPTTF. In addition to facilitatingregional co-operation and creating a regional framework for nationalstructures, SPTTF has also stimulated inter-agency co-operation, exchange ofinformation, and the development of joint initiatives in which all institutionsinvolved in counter-trafficking action have their place.In practice, the Task Force does not co-ordinate activities in each country orprioritise their needs and projects. SPTTF supports development of anti-traffickingpolicy in the region and provides a forum for discussion and co-operationfor governments and international organisations. Although theinvolvement of NGOs has been generally weak, international NGOs (ICMC andSave and Children) are participating in the SPTTF co-ordination team, whichis working to develop structures to ensure a broader participation of localNGOs from the region.One of the tasks of SPTTF is to facilitate funding for anti-trafficking activities,and to inform potential donors about needs and capacity to deal with the problemin the region. However, the SPTTF Action Plan is not a comprehensivecompilation of projects, but rather a regional framework, identifying priorityareas for action. A few projects in each area of concern are developed by theinternational organisations that are members of the Expert Co-ordinationTeam. Thus, these projects assist in establishing regional co-operation and infilling some of the obvious gaps. SPTTF does not raise funds for the implementationof the country level NPAs.The SPTTF priority for 2001 was victim protection, and the Task Force was successfulin raising substantial funding for IOM shelters for trafficked womenreturning home, as well as for the IOM/ICMC regional clearing house on victimassistance and return. Regional training and the exchange project implementedby the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD)is also being developed with funding raised through SPTTF. Assessment ofdata collected on trafficking has been undertaken by IOM and the LegislativeReview Guide has been prepared by OSCE/ODIHR. Relatively little funding wasraised for the research on child trafficking to be undertaken by Save the Childrenand UNICEF in the region, and the issues of prevention and reintegrationof trafficked women and children are yet to be addressed.1.2.3. Recommendations for SPTTF• Establish mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the implementationof the NPAs;• Evaluate the relevance of projects implemented by the internationalorganisations and funded through the SPTTF framework and NPAs;• Establish mechanisms for governments to submit project proposalsfor fundraising through SPTTF;• Future priorities for policy and programme development should be onprevention, reintegration and child protection.1561.3. Role of NGOs: summary and recommendationsNGOs were the first to respond to the concrete needs and situations of traffickedpersons. They started to develop projects and activities in the fields of
Trafficking in Human Beingsin Southeastern Europevictim assistance, prevention and raising awareness, and law reform by applyinginnovative methods and flexibility and by adjusting the programmes as thesituation changed, as knowledge of the problem expanded and as expertisewas gained during the course of the work. Other qualities of NGOs were theirability to carry out research and prepare analyses and reports on existing situations,to share information with the general public, local communities andgovernmental/international agencies, to be deeply involved and to bring apersonal approach to the work. Financial advantages were the very low costof the projects, their low operational costs and the willingness of NGOs to cooperatewith other agencies.Summary andRecommendationsHowever, the involvement of NGOs in counter-trafficking work varies enormouslyfrom country to country in SEE. In countries like FYR Macedonia andCroatia as well as FRY Republic of Montenegro, trafficking is seen as an externalissue, which does not concern the local population. Therefore, local NGOstend to work on other issues and the anti-trafficking work is usually relegatedto women’s groups and some organisations working on child rights. OtherNGOs, including those working in the area of human rights, or with migrantsand minorities, are still not interested in this issue.Most of the NGOs willing to do anti-trafficking work are organisationally andfinancially weak. This lack of long-term strategies and insufficient funding createsa situation in which expertise and willingness is lost and projects lackcontinuity, while NGOs are reluctant to broaden their scope. These weaknessesare also reflected in lack of exchange of information and lack of cooperationbetween NGOs working in the countries of origin and of destination,which makes the work more difficult and less efficient. International networkingbetween NGOs and governmental agencies had barely started when LaStrada opened new programmes in BiH, FYR Macedonia and the Republic ofMoldova in 2001. NGOs do not have much experience, working with governmentalagencies and are often ignored as partners by governments.NGO involvement is, however, invaluable for many reasons. They are in thebest position to reach local populations and dispel the prevailing opinion thattrafficking is a phenomenon brought to SEE, especially the Balkans, only bythe international community, and should be dealt with by international organisationswithout local involvement. They are also able to develop new programmesand new approaches and to respond to changes in situation andpatterns of trafficking. NGOs are also the only organisations that are capable,in co-operation with governments, of ensuring the success of the NPAs, andthe continuity and sustainability of the programmes after the internationalcommunity has left.Presently, many NGOs work as sub-contractors for IOM’s projects rather thanas independent or even partner organisations. NGOs have limited responsibilitiesand influence on the projects. This situation creates tension between theIOM offices and the NGO community. In addition to NGOs feeling marginalizedand not being given credit for the work done, a main reason for this tension islack of clear written agreements and contracts between IOM and local NGOs.NGOs are also convinced that IOM’s policy does not support the capacity buildingof local partners and future sustainability of the anti-trafficking projects.1.3.1. Recommendations• Exchange information at regional level between the NGOs involved inthe assistance and reintegration work, especially between countriesof origin and destination;157
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