Download (3100Kb) - Etheses - Saurashtra University

A large number of important drugs have been introduced during the period of1940 to 1980. This period is known as “Golden period” of new drug discovery.Thus starting from 1933 - the first antibacterial drug prontosil leading tovarious sulpha drugs ; 1940 - penicillin ; 1945 - chloroquine - antimalarial ; 1950Methyldopa - anti-hypertensive; 1967 - chlorothiazine - diuretic ; 1958 adrenergicbeta blockers coronary vasodilatory; 1960 - semi synthetic penicillin-antibacterial ;1965 – trimethoprim - antimicrobial ;1967 disodium chromoglycoate -antiallergic;1972 - cimetidine H 2 -antagonist; 1975 - verapamil - calciumantagonist and 1981 -captopril - antihypertensive. There are some specific examples representing newtherapeuticagent eg. Metormine, glipizide antidiabetic.(D) Latest Drug DevelopmentsThe current interest in the creation of large, searchable libraries of organiccompounds has captured the imagination of organic chemists and the drugdiscovery community. In numerous laboratories the Efforts are focused on theintroduction of chemical diversity, which have been recently reviewed andpharmacologically interesting compounds have been identified from libraries ofwidely different compositions.Today, the chief source of agents for the cure, the mitigation or theprevention of diseases are the organic compounds, natural or synthetic, togetherwith so called organometallics. Such agents have their origin in a number of ways(a) from naturally occurring materials of both plant and animal origin, and (b) fromthe isolation of organic compounds synthesized in laboratory whose structures areclosely related to those of naturally occurring compounds for eg.atropine, steroids,morphine, cocaine etc. that have been known to possess useful medicinalproperties.11General Introduction …..