e-GOVERNMENT IN FINLAND - ePractice.eu

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x By comparison, the term Web site describes a ministry/agency site, which primarily provides access to the online resources of that specific ministry/agency. x From the 2000 Decision of the Government on the Development of Information Management of the State Administration: x Information management: operations which develop and maintain the information reserves, information technology services and information processes of an organisation. From the 1998 Finnish Information Society Strategy: x i) enablers in terms of technology, infrastructure and ICT-related education and research; ii) eengagement in order to strengthen democracy and improve citizens’ access to information and opportunities for social influence; and iii) online services to develop coherent, cost-effective and secure public services. OECD E-government project: x The term e-enabler covers: i) complementary processes and legal frameworks, such as digital identification and authentication, that are not services in and of themselves, but facilitate the electronic delivery of services or information; and ii) physical ICT infrastructure, as well as channels for electronic service and information provision such as portals, Web sites and portable phones. x E-government barriers are defined for the purpose of this report as the obstacles external to governments which however can constrain e-government efforts. As such, they often concern breakdowns, missing components or lack of flexibility in the government-wide framework that enable e-government. The result is often the inability to achieve a whole-of-government or seamless perspective in e-government implementation. From the 2002 ISAB proposed programme of action: x Register pool: an organisation for co-operation by agencies responsible for maintenance of the base registers. x Public administration: central government administration and municipal administrations. x Public access terminal: PC with Internet access installed in a public space such as a library, available for use by the public at no charge. x National base register: database of administrative information with comprehensive national coverage; there are four large information systems in Finland: populations, organisations (firms, establishments, associations, etc.), buildings and land, and real estate. x Ministerial Working Group on Administrative and Regional Development: a committee made up of cabinet ministers that meets to discuss matters relating to the development of public administration and of regions. 162
x Employment and Economic Development Centre: joint regional offices of the Ministries of Trade and Industry, Agriculture and Forestry, and Labour for the development of employment and of small and medium-sized enterprises. x Joint service point: government office where services by several public administration authorities are available on the same visit (also one-stop shop). From the 1995 Resolution on Developing a Finnish Information Society: x Information technology: the hardware, software and methods used for the automatic processing and transfer of data and the skills needed to use them. x Information and communications industry: businesses that produce or deal in information or IT hardware, software and services; x Content industry: the production or compilation of information, works or programmes made available over information networks or in the electronic media. x Information network: a system of IT hardware and services which provides users with delivery and retrieval services in a given area (e.g. electronic mail, directories and video services); x Information network infrastructure: the system of transmission links, access procedures, legal and general frameworks, and the basic and support services of the information network. x Information society: a society which makes extensive use of information networks and IT, produces large quantities of information and communications products and services, and has a diversified content industry. 163
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OECD e-GOVERNMENT STUDIES e-GOVERNM
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Secretariat wo
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4.2.5 Managing multiple service cha
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This report provides a first compre
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Finland could reinforce citizen sup
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Technical issues have been recognis
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The central government, however, la
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E-government has helped improve pla
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OVERALL ASSESSMENT The first phase
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6. The constitutional independence
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6. As the first OECD report of its
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Box 1.1. E-government co-ordination
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x The central administration does n
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2 THE CASE FOR E-GOVERNMENT 25. The
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Key Points - 4 x Public administrat
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40. As a result of these earlier go
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is illustrative. An online transact
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Health care 50 29 21 Unemployment 8
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3 BARRIERS TO E-GOVERNMENT 61. E-go
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action unclear. In interviews, IT o
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80. As noted in Chapter 2, the Stat
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equired to provide e-government str
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most important way to fund e-govern
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obtain (38%), followed by funds for
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Figure 3.4. E-government technologi
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113. Not surprisingly, the OECD sur
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3.3.2 Types of barriers 119. Respon
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x Technology neutrality in legislat
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“backbone” of the government ne
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egional authorities is decisive, ev
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Box 3.5. The development of mobile
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x Improving the public administrati
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political leaders to impress upon t
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showed that top management commitme
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levels of government. In particular
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home and school, every business and
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E-government Imperative (2003) list
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Key Points - 31 x The proportion of
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Key Points - 32 x Basic online info
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Key Points - 33 x Interactive infor
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of using more efficient electronic
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Key Points - 35 x The proportion of
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233. The Finnish Vehicle Administra
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citizens’ access to information i
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4.3.2 E-engagement at the ministry
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Key Points - 38 x E-engagement init
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255. At the end of 2002, the curren
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Themes portal (e.g. environmental,
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partnerships”). The most signific
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job satisfaction enquiry and models
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Key Points - 42 x Structural impact
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Key Points - 43 x Change management
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Figure 4.17. E-government leadershi
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297. Interviews with ministries and
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x Horizontal co-ordination: lack of
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Page 122 and 123: strategies but also the ability to
Page 124 and 125: 361. Moreover, the lack of opportun
Page 126 and 127: 372. The OECD report on the Finnish
Page 128 and 129: x E-government plans are important
Page 130 and 131: 5 NEXT STEPS 385. In May 2003, the
Page 132 and 133: completely new architecture for gat
Page 134 and 135: 399. Brokers receive revenue from t
Page 136 and 137: 409. In 1998, the government agreed
Page 138 and 139: Figure 6.3. Finnish electronic citi
Page 140 and 141: 430. For both municipalities and KE
Page 142 and 143: 6.3 Case study 3: The citizen porta
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Page 146 and 147: Key Points - 60 x The citizen citiz
Page 148 and 149: 7.2 Appendix 2: Reports, strategies
Page 150 and 151: x Public Management in Finland (200
Page 152 and 153: ought together government, civil so
Page 154 and 155: freedom of choice and availability,
Page 156 and 157: 499. The Ministry of the Interior c
Page 158 and 159: decision requires it to provide net
Page 160 and 161: 522. Contrary to former reports by
Page 164 and 165: 7.4.2 List of acronyms AFLRA: The A
Page 166 and 167: 7.5 Appendix 5: Methodology 7.5.1 D
Page 168 and 169: 2. Responses are not included in ov
Page 170 and 171: 8 BIBLIOGRAPHY ACCENTURE (2001),
Page 172 and 173: JUSSILAINEN, M. (2003), “Knowledg
Page 174 and 175: OECD (1992), “ICCP Reviews of Inf
Page 176 and 177: “GOVERNMENT RESOLUTION ON HIGH-QU
Page 178: VISTI, S. (1998), “Electronic Ide
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