e-GOVERNMENT IN FINLAND - ePractice.eu

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Box 1.1. E-government co-ordination responsibilities of central ministries Within the central administration, the organisation of e-government involves specific governmental actors which perform different policy-related functions: x The Government (also known as the Council of State and consisting of the Prime Minister and Ministers) is in charge of defining, as part of the government programme, the long-term vision and overall e-government strategy and providing a general mission statement. x The Ministry of Finance (MoF) has policy-making responsibilities in the areas of central reforms and general information and communication technology (ICT) policy and guidance for the state administration. These functions are primarily carried out by the Information Management (IM) Unit of the Public Management Department. The MoF also has responsibility for the Government IM Unit (see below and Figure 1.1). x The Ministry of the Interior (MoI) is responsible for information management in regional administration and local authorities and plays an important co-ordinating role at the local level. Under the second government of Prime Minister Lipponen (1999-2003), the MoI was tasked with co-ordinating electronic services issues within the central administration. As of early 2003, it no longer has this role. x The Ministry of Justice is responsible for law-making initiatives for e-government and for setting the main regulatory framework for electronic services. x The Government Information Management Unit (under the Ministry of Finance) provides general information management planning and operational support as well as a network and services for ministries. 12. The Ministry of Finance plays perhaps the most important role in the horizontal co-ordination of e-government. It has a central policy-making function and helps the government to translate its vision and principles into effective guidelines and related e-government strategies. It also has a central co-ordinating function and ensures the harmonisation of information management among ministries and agencies. In addition it is responsible for allocating limited central government ICT funds and monitoring ICT performance and spending throughout government. 24
Figure 1.1. Organisation of e-government co-ordination responsibilities within the Finnish Ministry of Finance Source: OECD Minister of Finance ( Niinist ö) The Information Management Unit The Ministry of Finance Minister at the Ministry of Finance ( Siimes) Under Secretary of State Public Management Department The Governance Policy and Publi c Services Unit 13. To perform these tasks, the Public Management Department of the MoF has had an Information Management Unit since 1967. In addition, the Government Information Management Unit was formed in 2002. This unit provides network services and shared applications for the ministries. Responsibility for Government network connecting ministries and joint services was transferred from the Prime Minister’s Office to the MoF and is under the supervision of an under secretary of state. With this transfer, the Prime Minister’s Office ceded all responsibilities for day-to-day ICT co-ordination. 14. While the MoF is responsible for overall co-ordination of ICT initiatives, the MoI is responsible through its Information Management Unit for vertical co-ordination and ensuring the diffusion and exchange of standards, good practices and approaches at the regional and local levels. The MoI also supervises inter-ministerial and interagency co-ordinating groups on electronic services. In addition, between 1999 and 2001, the MoI was responsible for the JUNA project for promoting wide-ranging collaboration among public authorities for the active production and use of electronic services which led to a series of recommendations for improved collaboration (see Appendix 3, Part 8.3.6, for a more complete description of the JUNA project). 15. The 2002 Action Programme to Promote Online Government (see Box 4.1) found multiple coordination responsibilities for e-government to be a problem, as responsibility for overall policy coherence was unclear. In January 2003, the parliament passed legislation giving the MoF full responsibility for egovernment co-ordination within the central administration, though the MoI maintains responsibility for co-ordination with regional and local government. Key Points - 1 x The e-government organisational model for the central administration (central planning and direction and decentralised responsibilities and implementation) requires a high level of co-ordination in order to maintain policy coherence. 25 The Government Information Management Unit
Page 1: OECD e-GOVERNMENT STUDIES e-GOVERNM
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Secretariat wo
Page 6 and 7: 4.2.5 Managing multiple service cha
Page 8 and 9: This report provides a first compre
Page 10 and 11: Finland could reinforce citizen sup
Page 12 and 13: Technical issues have been recognis
Page 14 and 15: The central government, however, la
Page 16 and 17: E-government has helped improve pla
Page 18 and 19: OVERALL ASSESSMENT The first phase
Page 20 and 21: 6. The constitutional independence
Page 22 and 23: 6. As the first OECD report of its
Page 26 and 27: x The central administration does n
Page 28 and 29: 2 THE CASE FOR E-GOVERNMENT 25. The
Page 30 and 31: Key Points - 4 x Public administrat
Page 32 and 33: 40. As a result of these earlier go
Page 34 and 35: is illustrative. An online transact
Page 36 and 37: Health care 50 29 21 Unemployment 8
Page 38 and 39: 3 BARRIERS TO E-GOVERNMENT 61. E-go
Page 40 and 41: action unclear. In interviews, IT o
Page 42 and 43: 80. As noted in Chapter 2, the Stat
Page 44 and 45: equired to provide e-government str
Page 46 and 47: most important way to fund e-govern
Page 48 and 49: obtain (38%), followed by funds for
Page 50 and 51: Figure 3.4. E-government technologi
Page 52 and 53: 113. Not surprisingly, the OECD sur
Page 54 and 55: 3.3.2 Types of barriers 119. Respon
Page 56 and 57: x Technology neutrality in legislat
Page 58 and 59: “backbone” of the government ne
Page 60 and 61: egional authorities is decisive, ev
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Page 66 and 67: political leaders to impress upon t
Page 68 and 69: showed that top management commitme
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E-government Imperative (2003) list
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Key Points - 31 x The proportion of
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Key Points - 32 x Basic online info
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Key Points - 33 x Interactive infor
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of using more efficient electronic
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Key Points - 35 x The proportion of
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233. The Finnish Vehicle Administra
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citizens’ access to information i
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4.3.2 E-engagement at the ministry
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Key Points - 38 x E-engagement init
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255. At the end of 2002, the curren
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Themes portal (e.g. environmental,
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partnerships”). The most signific
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job satisfaction enquiry and models
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Key Points - 42 x Structural impact
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Key Points - 43 x Change management
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Figure 4.17. E-government leadershi
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297. Interviews with ministries and
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x Horizontal co-ordination: lack of
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Figure 4.22. Government-wide leader
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catalyst as well as formal or infor
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operation of the Ministry of Social
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development of Internet service del
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Box 4.7. Adapting E-Procurement for
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strategies but also the ability to
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361. Moreover, the lack of opportun
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372. The OECD report on the Finnish
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x E-government plans are important
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5 NEXT STEPS 385. In May 2003, the
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completely new architecture for gat
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399. Brokers receive revenue from t
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409. In 1998, the government agreed
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Figure 6.3. Finnish electronic citi
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430. For both municipalities and KE
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6.3 Case study 3: The citizen porta
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tourism, immigration and emigration
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Key Points - 60 x The citizen citiz
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7.2 Appendix 2: Reports, strategies
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x Public Management in Finland (200
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ought together government, civil so
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freedom of choice and availability,
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499. The Ministry of the Interior c
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decision requires it to provide net
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522. Contrary to former reports by
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x By comparison, the term Web site
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7.4.2 List of acronyms AFLRA: The A
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7.5 Appendix 5: Methodology 7.5.1 D
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2. Responses are not included in ov
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8 BIBLIOGRAPHY ACCENTURE (2001),
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JUSSILAINEN, M. (2003), “Knowledg
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OECD (1992), “ICCP Reviews of Inf
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“GOVERNMENT RESOLUTION ON HIGH-QU
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VISTI, S. (1998), “Electronic Ide
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