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emphasis’, (rather than ‘italic’ or ‘bold’) as well as structuring concepts such as ‘chapter heading’ or ‘quotation’, to be linked logically to specific display representations for each concept in a separate list of definitions known as a style sheet (such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) in web design). This is especially important and relevant in the context of hybrid publishing because it makes it possible, at the later stage of visual design, not only to define how each of these markup elements will be displayed, but also to provide different definitions for each specific output. For example, we can decide that for output A (say the printed book), text marked as ‘chapter heading’ will be centered on the page, in a different font and larger font size than the running text, while text marked as ‘quotation’ will be rendered in the same font and size as the running text, but in italics; while for output B (say a display screen) FROM STRUCTURE TO REPRESENTATION STRUCTURE The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog STYLES TABLET font style: regular font size: 18 px LAPTOP font style: bold font size: 100 px SMARTPHONE font style: italic font size: 10 px REPRESENTATION The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog The quick brown fox jumps over the 16
we could instead decide to render chapter headings as bold and quotations as underlined text. By combining the structured text with a different style sheet for each output format, a variety of end products can thus be generated using one single structured text. However, in order to make this possible, the source text must be as systematically structured as possible. WHAT IS AN ELECTRONIC TEXT? An electronic text is generally understood as a text which is represented on a display screen of some sort. However, the most important difference between a paper text and an electronic text, in the context of hybrid publishing, is the notion that the electronic text becomes a structured file. As we have seen, the use of markup allows us to create different layouts, or representations, for different media. It is also crucial to understand that electronic publishing introduces a paradigm shift away from the page-centered culture of book printing. Book printing traditionally allows for various printing sizes, depending on the wishes of the author, designer and publisher. For example, when making an art book based on a collection of paintings or drawings, a decision will be made as to what the ideal book size is, and whether it should be printed in portrait or landscape format. In the world of screens however, it is no longer the designer who makes this choice, but the users – depending on whether they choose to read an electronic book on a smartphone, tablet, monochrome e-reader, personal computer, or whatever other device is available. Ideally, the electronic publication can be viewed all of these devices, without the need for any device-specific redesigns. Most electronic reading devices support reflowable layout (also known as ‘responsive’ design), which means that the layout of the document is automatically adapted to fit the dimensions of the device. This works well for genres such as novels which usually consist only of text. However when the overall design cannot so easily be modified, for example if there are crucial relationships between the body text and images or other elements such as footnotes or tables (as is the case for art and design books as well as research publications), then the transposition from an existing print work to an electronic representation can pose some serious issues, which will be further addressed in the following chapters. 17
Page 1: FROM PRINT TO EBOOKS A HYBRID PUBLI
Page 4 and 5: COLOPHON AUTHORS DPT Collective, co
Page 6 and 7: 00 CONTENTS 01 INTRODUCTION Industr
Page 8 and 9: 01 INTRO- DUCTION ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞
Page 10 and 11: For art and design publishers, the
Page 12 and 13: WHO IS THIS TOOLKIT WRITTEN FOR You
Page 14 and 15: Rotterdam University of Applied Sci
Page 16 and 17: 02 THE BASICS ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞
Page 20 and 21: POSSIBILITIES OFFERED BY ELECTRONIC
Page 22 and 23: 03 GENRES OF PUBLICATION ∞∞ In
Page 24 and 25: simple and straightforward way. Als
Page 26 and 27: will determine from the start many
Page 28 and 29: (Embedding a Custom Set of Metadata
Page 30 and 31: The publisher may make use of a con
Page 32 and 33: 04 TECHNO- LOGIES FOR ELECTRONIC RE
Page 34 and 35: E-readers E-readers became widely k
Page 36 and 37: ECOLOGIES PLATFORM OPERATING SYSTEM
Page 38 and 39: Aldiko Aldiko is both a storefront
Page 40 and 41: stored online. 8 However it does no
Page 42 and 43: e-readers. Finally, Amazon renamed
Page 44 and 45: 05 DISTRI- BUTION PLATFORMS ∞∞
Page 46 and 47: tions, freemium models, consigment
Page 48 and 49: SCRIBD CHARACTERISTICS • Large co
Page 50 and 51: LULU CHARACTERISTICS • Lulu is th
Page 52 and 53: WORDPRESS CHARACTERISTICS • Exter
Page 54 and 55: Social reading platforms Social rea
Page 56 and 57: PIRATE PLATFORMS: THE PIRATE BAY, L
Page 58 and 59: The most well-known of these is Ubu
Page 60 and 61: 06 GUIDE: HOW TO MAKE A SIMPLE EPUB
Page 62 and 63: For a better understanding of the f
Page 64 and 65: Creating the required files and dir
Page 66 and 67: The ‘metadata’ section contains
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DO-IT-YOURSELF EPUB USING INDESIGN
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Styles One of the most powerful too
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Mapping styles to tags Though InDes
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a. Select the ‘EPUB and HTML’ o
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3. Choose Text Anchor from the ‘L
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Tables of contents Ebooks have two
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Metadata Metadata is information ab
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Checklist and export options Before
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DO-IT-YOURSELF EPUB USING PANDOC Pa
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8. Open the EPUB from the folder, o
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Enhancement utilities: Adobe Digita
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07 TOWARDS A HYBRID WORKFLOW BASED
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TRADITIONAL WORKFLOW text IMPORT .i
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finalize the publication. 1 The mos
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document. A graphic designer can qu
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Cleaning up Markdown Since Markdown
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1. Excellent software support. Ther
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Document conversion programs ∞∞
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08 GUIDE: HYBRID PUBLISHING FOR EAC
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When it comes to choosing a publica
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RESEARCH PUBLICATION .md .md .md im
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CATALOGUE PUBLICATION image image p
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∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞
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ARTISTS’ / DESIGNERS’ BOOK .mov
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∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞
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ART/DESIGN PERIODICAL WEBSITE HTML
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09 FUTUROLOGY ∞∞ ∞∞ ∞∞
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of a convergence between these two
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libraries could be the next on the
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10 SOFTWARE CATALOGUE ∞∞ A cata
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Make The GNU Make program helps to
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11 GLOSSARY 128
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AZW Presumably an acronym for ‘Am
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Database An organized, structured c
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Graphical User Interface (GUI) Soft
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L LaTeX A document markup language
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fields other than software developm
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scripting. A related concept is cli
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142 PARTICIPATING PARTNERS
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