Third IMO Greenhouse Gas Study 2014

List of figures xix
Page
Figure 46: Geographical coverage in 2007 (top) and 2012 (bottom), coloured according
to the intensity of messages received per unit area. This is a composite of both
vessel activity and geographical coverage; intensity is not solely indicative
of vessel activity .................................................... 65
Figure 47: The average volume of AIS activity reports for a region reported by a vessel
for up to 300 randomly selected VLCCs (2007–2012) ........................ 66
Figure 48: Activity estimate quality assurance (2012) ................................. 67
Figure 49: Comparison of at-sea and at-port days, calculated using both the bottom-up
model output (y-axis) and noon report data (x-axis) (2012) ..................... 68
Figure 50: Comparison of average ship speed and average ship draught calculated
using both the bottom-up model output (y-axis) and noon report data (x-axis) (2012) . 69
Figure 51: Comparison of at-sea days and average ship speed, calculated using both
the bottom-up model output (y-axis) and noon report data (x-axis) (2009) ......... 70
Figure 52: General boiler operation profile (Myśków & Borkowski, 2012) .................. 72
Figure 53: Operational profile of an auxiliary boiler of a container vessel
during six months of operations (Myśków & Borkowski, 2012) .................. 73
Figure 54: Average noon-reported daily fuel consumption of the main and auxiliary engines
compared with the bottom-up estimate over each quarter of 2012 .............. 75
Figure 55: Total noon-reported quarterly fuel consumption of the main and auxiliary engines
compared with the bottom-up estimate over each quarter of 2012 .............. 76
Figure 56: Total noon-reported quarterly fuel consumption of the main engine
compared with the bottom-up estimate over each quarter of 2012,
with a filter to select only days with high reliability observations of the ship
for 75% of the time or more ........................................... 77
Figure 57: Total noon-reported quarterly fuel consumption of the main engine
compared with the bottom-up estimate over each quarter of 2007 .............. 77
Figure 58: Total noon-reported quarterly fuel consumption of the main engine
compared with the bottom-up estimate over each quarter of 2009 .............. 78
Figure 59: Total percentage of in-service time for which high-reliability activity estimates
are available from AIS ................................................ 80
Figure 60: Emissions weighted average of the total percentage of in-service time
for which high-reliability activity estimates are available from AIS ............... 80
Figure 61: Top-down and bottom-up comparison for a) all marine fuels
and b) international shipping ........................................... 82
Figure 62: Comparison of top-down fuel allocation with initial and updated bottom-up
fuel allocation (2007–2012) ............................................ 83
Figure 63: Adjusted marine fuel sales based on quantitative uncertainty results (2007–2011) ... 87
Figure 64: Summary of uncertainty on top-down and bottom-up fuel inventories
for a) all ships and b) international shipping ................................ 88
Figure 65: Top-down and bottom-up inventories for all ship fuels,
from the Third IMO GHG Study 2014 and
the Second IMO GHG Study 2009 ...................................... 89
Figure 66: Top-down and bottom-up inventories for international shipping fuels,
from the Third IMO GHG Study 2014 and the Second IMO GHG Study 2009 ..... 90
Figure 67: Crossplots of deadweight tonnes, gross tonnes and average installed
main engine power for the year 2007, as reported by
the Second IMO GHG Study 2009 (x-axis)
and the Third IMO GHG Study 2014 (y-axis) ............................... 91