Third IMO Greenhouse Gas Study 2014
GHG3%20Executive%20Summary%20and%20Report
GHG3%20Executive%20Summary%20and%20Report
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28 <strong>Third</strong> <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> <strong>2014</strong><br />
Figure 18: Oil products and products from other sources used in shipping (international,<br />
domestic and fishing) 1971–2011<br />
There are significant gaps in the IEA (2013) data for 2012, at the time of this analysis. For example, international<br />
navigation fuel sales were available for only 29 countries, representing less than 20% of total sales in 2011<br />
(see Table 7). IEA acknowledges that recent data are based on mini-questionnaires from OECD nations and<br />
supply data for non-OECD nations; 2012 marine fuel statistics will be updated in future editions (IEA 2013).<br />
The <strong>IMO</strong> Secretariat scope specifies that the <strong>Third</strong> <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> <strong>2014</strong> should compute annual emissions<br />
“as far as statistical data are available”. Given the incomplete data, this work therefore excludes year 2012<br />
from this top-down analysis.<br />
Nations reporting<br />
Table 7 – Comparison of 2011 and 2012 marine fuels reporting to IEA<br />
Fuel oil<br />
(ktonnes)<br />
2011 2012<br />
<strong>Gas</strong>/diesel<br />
(ktonnes)<br />
Fuel oil<br />
(ktonnes)<br />
<strong>Gas</strong>/diesel<br />
(ktonnes)<br />
29 reporting nations in 2012<br />
74,833 16,479 70,359 17,532<br />
(Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Denmark,<br />
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland,<br />
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea [Republic of],<br />
Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway,<br />
Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,<br />
Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States)<br />
Other 98 nations reporting in 2011 102,658 12,655<br />
Percentage of 2011 fuel reported by 29 nations<br />
reporting in 2012<br />
42% 57%<br />
1.1.3 Top-down fuel consumption results<br />
This section presents the <strong>Third</strong> <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> <strong>2014</strong> top-down results for the period of 2007–2011.<br />
Review of Second <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> 2009 top-down estimates<br />
The consortium reviewed the Second <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> 2009 results, including updates based on current<br />
versions of IEA statistics. Table 8 presents a summary of the information reported in the Second <strong>IMO</strong> GHG<br />
<strong>Study</strong> 2009 (from appendix 1, Tables A1–17), with updated information from the IEA (2013) World Energy<br />
Statistics.<br />
It is important to note that top-down information reported in the Second <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> 2009 is not<br />
definitive. First, the estimated value for 2007 (derived from 2005 using a tonne-miles adjustment in the Second<br />
<strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> 2009) can be compared with the IEA value reported in today’s World Energy Statistics.<br />
The 2007 IEA value is approximately 9% greater than the estimated 2007 value in the Second <strong>IMO</strong> GHG<br />
<strong>Study</strong> 2009. Second, IEA updated the 2005 reported value with an amended total for all marine fuels that is<br />
approximately 5% greater than the published IEA data used in the Second <strong>IMO</strong> GHG <strong>Study</strong> 2009. Most of that
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