Nonlinear Fiber Optics - 4 ed. Agrawal

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References 451 [57] H. Yokota, E. Sugai, and Y. Sasaki, Opt. Rev. 4, 104(1997). [58] T. E. Dimmick, G. Kakarantzas, T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell, Appl. Opt. 38, 6845 (1999). [59] G. Kakarantzas, T. E. Dimmick, T. A. Birks, R. Le Roux, and P. St. J. Russell, Opt. Lett. 26, 1137 (2001). [60] L. M. Tong, R. R. Gattass, J. B. Ashcom, S. L. He, J. Y. Lou, M. Y. Shen, I. Maxwell, and E. Mazur, Nature 426, 816 (2003). [61] L. M. Tong, J. Y. Lou, and E. Mazur, Opt. Express 12, 1025 (2004). [62] S. Leon-Saval, T. Birks, W. Wadsworth, P. St. J. Russell, and M. Mason, Opt. Express 12, 2864 (2004). [63] M. A. Foster, K. D. Moll, and A. L. Gaeta, Opt. Express 12, 2880 (2004). [64] C. M. B. Cordeiro, W. J. Wadsworth, T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell, Opt. Lett. 30, 1980 (2005). [65] R. Zhang, J. Teipel, X. Zhang, D.r Nau, and H. Giessen, Opt. Express 12, 1700 (2004). [66] J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and D. M. Atkin, Opt. Lett. 21, 1547 (1996). [67] N. G. R. Broderick, T. M. Monro, P. J. Bennett, and D. J. Richardson, Opt. Lett. 24, 1395 (1999). [68] J. Broeng, D. Mogilevstev, S. B. Barkou, and A. Bjarklev, Opt. Fiber Technol. 5, 305 (1999). [69] B. J. Eggleton, C. Kerbage, P. S. Westbrook, R. S. Windeler, and A. Hale, Opt. Express 9, 698 (2001). [70] T. P. White, R. C. McPhedran, C. M. de Sterke, L. C. Botten, and M. J. Steel, Opt. Lett. 26, 1660 (2001). [71] J. K. Ranka and A. L. Gaeta, in Nonlinear Photonic Crystals, R. E Slusher and B. J. Eggleton, Eds. (Springer, New York, 2003). [72] R. F. Cregan, B. J. Mangan, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, P. J. Roberts, and D. C. Allan, Science 285, 1537 (1999). [73] P. St. J. Russell, Science 299, 358 (2003). [74] F. Benabid, J. C. Knight, G. Antonopoulos, and P. St. J Russell, Science 298, 399 (2002). [75] V. Finazzi, T. M. Monro, and D. J. Richardson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 1427 (2003). [76] K. Nakajima, J. Zhou, K. Tajima, K. Kurokawa, C. Fukai, and I. Sankawa, J. Lightwave Technol. 17, 7 (2005). [77] D. Mogilevtsev, T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell, Opt. Lett. 23, 1662 (1998). [78] A. Ferrando, E. Silvestre, J. J. Miret, P. Andrés, and M. V. Andrés, Opt. Lett. 24, 276 (1999). [79] T. M. Monro, D. J. Richardson, N. G. R. Broderick, and P. J. Bennett, J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 50 (2000). [80] F. Brechet, J. Marcou, D. Pagnoux, and P. Roy, Opt. Fiber Technol. 6, 181 (2000). [81] N. A. Mortensen, Opt. Express 10, 341 (2002). [82] Z. Zhu and T. G. Brown, Opt. Express 8, 547 (2001); Opt. Commun. 206, 333 (2002). [83] M. Koshiba and K. Saitoh, Opt. Express 11, 1746 (2003). [84] K. Saitoh and M. Koshiba, J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 3580 (2005). [85] E. C. Mägi, P. Steinvurzel, and B. J. Eggleton, Opt. Express 12, 776 (2004). [86] H. C. Nguyen, B. T. Kuhlmey, E. C. Mägi, M. J. Steel, P. Domachuk, C. L. Smith, and B. J. Eggleton, Appl. Phys. B 81, 377 (2005). [87] W. J. Wadsworth, A. Witkowska, S. G. Leon-Saval, and T. A. Birks, Opt. Express 13, 6541 (2005).
452 Chapter 11. Highly Nonlinear Fibers [88] M. A. Newhouse, D. L. Weidman, and D. W. Hall, Opt. Lett. 15, 1185 (1990). [89] J. S. Wang, E. M. Vogel and E. Snitzer, Opt. Mat. 3 187 (1994). [90] I. Kang, T. D. Krauss, F. W. Wise, B. G. Aitken, and N. F. Borrelli, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 12, 2053 (1995). [91] M. Asobe, T. Kanamori, and K. Kubodera, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29, 2325 (1993). [92] M. Asobe, Opt. Fiber Technol. 3, 142 (1997). [93] S. Smolorz, I. Kang, F. Wise, B. G. Aitken, and N. F. Borrelli, J. Non-Crystal. Solids 256, 310 (1999). [94] T. Cardinal, K. A. Richardson, H. Shim, A. Schulte, R. Beatty, K. Le Foulgoc, C. Meneghini, J. F. Viens, and A. Villeneuve, J. Non-Crystal. Solids 256, 353 (1999). [95] G. Lenz, J. Zimmermann, T. Katsufuji, M. E. Lines, H. Y. Hwang, S. Spalter, R. E. Slusher, S. W. Cheong, J. S. Sanghera, and I. D. Aggarwal, Opt. Lett. 25, 254 (2000). [96] T. M. Monro, Y. D. West, D. W. Hewak, N. G. R. Brodcrick, and D. J. Richardson, Electron. Lett. 36, 1998 (2000). [97] R. E. Slusher, G. Lenz, J. Hodelin, J. Sanghera, L. B. Shaw, and I. D. Aggarwal, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1146 (2004). [98] L. B. Fu, M. Rochette, V. G. Ta’eed, D. J. Moss, and B. J. Eggleton, Opt. Express 13, 7637 (2005). [99] K. Kikuchi, K. Taira, and N. Sugimoto, Electron. Lett. 38, 166 (2002). [100] J. Y. Y. Leong, P. Petropoulos, J. H. V. Price, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, S. Asimakis, R. C. Moore, K. E. Frampton, V. Finazzi, X. Feng, T. M. Monro, and D. J. Richardson, J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 183 (2006). [101] X. Feng, A. K. Mairaj, D. W. Hewak, and T. M. Monro, J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 2046 (2005). [102] X. Feng, T. M. Monro, V. Finazzi, R. C. Moore, K. Frampton, P. Petropoulos, and D. J. Richardson, Electron. Lett. 41, 835 (2005). [103] P. Petropoulos, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, V. Finazzi, R. C. Moore, K. Frampton, D. J. Richardson, and T. M. Monro, Opt. Express 11, 3568 (2003). [104] R. Stegeman, L. Jankovic, H. Kim, C. Rivero, G. Stegeman, K. Richardson, P. Delfyett, Y. Guo, A. Schulte, and T. Cardinal, Opt. Lett. 28, 1126 (2003). [105] V. V. R. K. Kumar, A. K. George, J. C. Knight, and P. St. J. Russell, Opt. Express 11, 2641 (2003). [106] N. Sugimoto, T. Nagashima, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, K. Taira, and K. Kikuchi, in Optical fiber Commun. Conf. Digest (Optical Society of America, Washington, DC, 2004), Paper PDP26. [107] J. H. Lee, K. Kikuchi, T. Nagashime, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, and N. Sugimoto, Opt. Express 13, 3144 (2005). [108] J. T. Gopinath, H. M. Shen, H. Sotobayashi, E. P. Ippen, T. Hasegawa, T. Nagashima, and N. Sugimoto, J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 3591 (2005). [109] J. H. Lee, T. Nagashima, T. Hasegawa, S. Ohara, N. Sugimoto, and K. Kikuchi, J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 22 (2006).
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Preface Since the publication of th
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Chapter 1 Introduction This introdu
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1.2. Fiber Characteristics 3 Figure
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1.2. Fiber Characteristics 7 1.49 1
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1.2. Fiber Characteristics 11 faste
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1.3. Fiber Nonlinearities 13 Figure
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1.3. Fiber Nonlinearities 15 Sectio
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1.3. Fiber Nonlinearities 17 1.3.3
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1.4. Overview 19 briefly. The last
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References 21 1.11 Equation (1.3.2)
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References 23 [63] M. Ibanescu, Y.
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Chapter 2 Pulse Propagation in Fibe
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2.2. Fiber Modes 27 where Ẽ(r,ω)
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2.2. Fiber Modes 29 across the core
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2.3. Pulse-Propagation Equation 31
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2.4. Numerical Methods 41 Equation
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2.4. Numerical Methods 43 Figure 2.
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2.4. Numerical Methods 45 the basic
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References 47 2.5 Derive an express
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References 49 [44] V. I. Karpman an
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Chapter 3 Group-Velocity Dispersion
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3.2. Dispersion-Induced Pulse Broad
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3.3. Third-Order Dispersion 63 This
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3.3. Third-Order Dispersion 65 Figu
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3.3. Third-Order Dispersion 67 6 5
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3.3. Third-Order Dispersion 69 Noti
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3.4. Dispersion Management 71 Figur
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3.4. Dispersion Management 73 10 3
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3.4. Dispersion Management 75 Figur
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References 77 3.10 An optical commu
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Chapter 4 Self-Phase Modulation An
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4.1. SPM-Induced Spectral Changes 8
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4.2. Effect of Group-Velocity Dispe
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4.3. Semianalytic Techniques 103 In
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4.3. Semianalytic Techniques 105 (1
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4.4. Higher-Order Nonlinear Effects
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Problems 115 4.2 Plot the spectrum
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References 117 [40] D. Marcuse, J.
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References 119 [109] J. Santhanam a
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5.1. Modulation Instability 121 of
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5.1. Modulation Instability 123 2 L
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5.1. Modulation Instability 125 Fig
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5.1. Modulation Instability 127 Fig
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5.2. Fiber Solitons 129 Figure 5.5:
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5.2. Fiber Solitons 131 and write i
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5.2. Fiber Solitons 133 Physically,
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5.3. Other Types of Solitons 141 1
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5.3. Other Types of Solitons 143 pr
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5.3. Other Types of Solitons 145 Th
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5.4. Perturbation of Solitons 147 w
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5.4. Perturbation of Solitons 149 w
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5.4. Perturbation of Solitons 151 t
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5.4. Perturbation of Solitons 153 b
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5.4. Perturbation of Solitons 155 F
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5.5. Higher-Order Effects 157 where
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5.5. Higher-Order Effects 159 Figur
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5.5. Higher-Order Effects 161 1 N =
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5.5. Higher-Order Effects 163 Integ
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5.5. Higher-Order Effects 165 Figur
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5.5. Higher-Order Effects 167 that
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Problems 169 Problems 5.1 Solve Eq.
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References 171 [27] E. Brainis, D.
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References 173 [93] L. F. Mollenaue
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References 175 [165] V. V. Afanasje
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Chapter 6 Polarization Effects As d
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6.1. Nonlinear Birefringence 179 wh
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6.1. Nonlinear Birefringence 181 re
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6.2. Nonlinear Phase Shift 183 dA y
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6.2. Nonlinear Phase Shift 185 wher
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6.2. Nonlinear Phase Shift 187 side
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6.3. Evolution of Polarization Stat
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6.4. Vector Modulation Instability
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6.5. Birefringence and Solitons 207
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6.6. Random Birefringence 213 where
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6.6. Random Birefringence 215 PMD,
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6.6. Random Birefringence 217 As in
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6.6. Random Birefringence 219 Figur
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References 221 6.9 Derive the dispe
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References 223 [63] P. Kockaert, M.
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References 225 [140] A. El Amari, N
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7.1. XPM-Induced Nonlinear Coupling
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7.2. XPM-Induced Modulation Instabi
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7.2. XPM-Induced Modulation Instabi
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7.3. XPM-Paired Solitons 233 This t
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7.3. XPM-Paired Solitons 235 The co
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7.3. XPM-Paired Solitons 237 It is
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7.4. Spectral and Temporal Effects
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7.5. Applications of XPM 249 Probe
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7.5. Applications of XPM 251 by hig
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7.5. Applications of XPM 253 Figure
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7.6. Polarization Effects 255 where
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7.6. Polarization Effects 257 Figur
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7.6. Polarization Effects 259 1 0.8
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7.6. Polarization Effects 261 4 Pum
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7.6. Polarization Effects 263 Figur
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7.7. XPM Effects in Birefringent Fi
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7.7. XPM Effects in Birefringent Fi
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Problems 269 7.2 Derive the dispers
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References 271 [33] M. Lisak, A. H
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References 273 [105] B. V. Vu, A. S
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8.1. Basic Concepts 275 Figure 8.1:
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8.1. Basic Concepts 277 set of two
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8.1. Basic Concepts 279 10 mW. Howe
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8.1. Basic Concepts 281 0.5 Raman R
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8.2. Quasi-Continuous SRS 283 four
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8.2. Quasi-Continuous SRS 285 Figur
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8.2. Quasi-Continuous SRS 291 wavel
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8.2. Quasi-Continuous SRS 293 1 0.8
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8.3. SRS with Short Pump Pulses 295
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8.4. Soliton Effects 307 Figure 8.1
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8.4. Soliton Effects 313 ton laser
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8.5. Polarization Effects 315 maxim
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8.5. Polarization Effects 317 where
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8.5. Polarization Effects 319 and s
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Problems 321 Figure 8.25: (a) Avera
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References 323 [4] W. Kaiser and M
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References 325 [75] M. Nakazawa, T.
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References 327 [144] V. I. Kruglov,
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Chapter 9 Stimulated Brillouin Scat
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9.1. Basic Concepts 331 Figure 9.1:
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9.2. Quasi-CW SBS 333 [20]. A part
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9.2. Quasi-CW SBS 335 (see Figure 8
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9.2. Quasi-CW SBS 337 pseudorandom
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9.2. Quasi-CW SBS 339 Figure 9.4: S
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9.3. Brillouin Fiber Amplifiers 341
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9.3. Brillouin Fiber Amplifiers 343
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9.4. SBS Dynamics 345 9.4.1 Coupled
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9.4. SBS Dynamics 347 Pump Power (k
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9.4. SBS Dynamics 349 Figure 9.11:
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9.4. SBS Dynamics 351 Δn SBS . If
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9.5. Brillouin Fiber Lasers 357 Fig
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9.5. Brillouin Fiber Lasers 359 Fig
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9.5. Brillouin Fiber Lasers 361 rin
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References 363 9.4 Estimate SBS thr
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References 365 [47] Y.-X. Fan, F.-Y
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References 367 [119] R. G. Harrison
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10.1. Origin of Four-Wave Mixing 36
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10.2. Theory of Four-Wave Mixing 37
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10.3. Phase-Matching Techniques 377
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10.4. Parametric Amplification 387
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Page 432 and 433: 11.1. Nonlinear Parameter 427 Figur
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Page 458 and 459: Chapter 12 Novel Nonlinear Phenomen
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12.5. Harmonic Generation 501 analy
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12.5. Harmonic Generation 503 Figur
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12.5. Harmonic Generation 505 The p
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References 507 12.6 Derive an expre
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References 509 [45] J. E. Sharping,
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References 511 [111] J. Y. Y. Leong
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References 513 [180] A. L. Calvez,
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Appendix A 515 converted into decib
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Appendix B 517 % This code solves t
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Appendix C List of Acronyms Each sc
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Index acoustic response function, 4
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Index 523 distributed fiber sensors
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Index 525 four-photon, 412 gain-swi
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Index 527 Raman amplification with,
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Index 529 spectral hole burning, 36
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