Hormones 2016

Bilirubin
• Protein deficiency,
• Wilson disease (medlineplus, 2015a).
Some drugs (clofibrate, azathioprine, oestrogens and oestrogens in
combination with androgens) lower serum ALP activity (labcorp, 2016b).
High alkaline phosphate levels
• Biliary obstruction,
• Bone conditions,
• Osteoblastic bone tumours, osteomalacia, a fracture that is healing,
• Liver disease or hepatitis,
• Eating a fatty meal if you have blood type O or A 81 ,
• Gilbert syndrome - increase in intestinal alkaline phosphatase is seen
(Butch et al., 1989),
• Hyperparathyroidism,
• Hypervitaminosis D, (labcorp, 2016b),
• Leukemia,
• Lymphoma,
• Paget disease,
• Rickets,
• Sarcoidosis, (medlineplus, 2015a).
Drugs - oestrogens (large doses), birth control agents, methyltestosterone,
phenothiazines, oral hypoglycaemic agents, erythromycin, or any drug
producing hypersensitivity or toxic cholestasis. Many commonly and
uncommonly used drugs elevate alkaline phosphatase, and tenfold
increases may be seen with drug cholestasis (labcorp, 2016b).
Bilirubin
Test Conventional SI units
units
≤0.2 mg/dL (quest, 2016)
0.0–1.2 mg/dL (labcorp, 2016b)
Direct 0–0.3 mg/dL 0–5.1 µmol/L
Total 0.3–1.2 mg/dL 5.1–20.5 µmol/L
(merck, 2015)
Table 13.2 – Reference ranges for Bilirubin
81 Serum ALP activity of intestinal origin occurs only in individuals of ABO blood type O
or A. They are secretors of ABH RBC antigens and also carry the Lewis red cell antigen.
Serum intestinal ALP level increases in these individuals about two hours following
consumption of a fatty meal (labcorp, 2016b)
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