9%20ECOGRAFIA%20ABDOMINAL%20COMO%20CUANDO%20DONDE

150
ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND
Nodes of 1.5 cm or over are generally considered
pathological. Enlarged nodes are most often
hypoechoic, rounded or oval in shape and welldefined.
Larger nodes display colour or power
Doppler flow.
Less frequently nodes are hyperechoic, or may
combine to form large, lobulated masses. There is
some evidence that colour Doppler may assist
in differentiating benign from malignant superficial
nodes (Fig. 6.9E), the latter displaying a
significantly higher resistance on spectral
analysis. 16,17
Lymphadenopathy at the porta may occasionally
cause obstructive jaundice due to compression of
the common bile duct.
Lymphangioma
These are benign tumours of the lymphatic vessels,
usually diagnosed in the neonatal period or
on prenatal sonography. They are predominantly
cystic, frequently septated, and may be large (Fig.
6.10). They can compress adjacent organs and
References
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Ultrasound and Doppler features of accessory spleens
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Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and computed
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3. Siniluoto T, Paivansalo M, Alavaikko M. 1991
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with ultrasonography. Abdominal Imaging 26:
529–532.
Figure 6.10 Lymphangioma. This large, septated cystic
mass was present in the chest wall of this 2-year-old girl.
vessels and their severity depends to a large extent
upon their location. They are most common in the
neck (cystic hygroma) but can be found in various
locations, including the abdomen, 18 and are occasionally
found in adults after a long asymptomatic
period.
7. Goerg C, Schwerk WB, Goerg K. 1990 Sonography
of focal lesions of the spleen. American Journal of
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8. Siniluoto T Paivansalo M, Lahde S. 1989
Ultrasonography of splenic metastases. Acta
Radiologica 30: 463.
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Haemangioma of the spleen: radiologic–pathologic
correlation in ten cases. American Journal of
Roentgenology 162: 73–77.
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Ultrasound evaluation of hepatic and splenic
microabscesses in the immunocompromised patient:
sonographic patterns, differential diagnosis and
follow-up. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 22:
525–529.
11. Georg C, Schwerk WB. 1990 Splenic infarction;
sonographic pattern, diagnosis, follow-up and
complications. Radiology 174: 803–807.
12. Mattar SG, Lumsden AB. 1995 The management of
splenic artery aneurysms: experience with 23 cases.
American Journal of Surgery 169; 580–584.
13. Gorg C, Colle J, Wied M et al. 2003 Spontaneous
nontraumatic intrasplenic pseudoaneurysm: causes,