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250<br />

ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND<br />

are available, ultrasound can be a time-saving triage<br />

tool to exclude an aneurysm from the differential<br />

diagnosis of abdominal pain. Suitably trained<br />

emergency department clinical staff can perform<br />

this quickly and successfully. 19 Rupture of an aortic<br />

aneurysm is a catastrophic event, and although an<br />

urgent contrast-enhanced CT can be helpful,<br />

emergency surgery based on clinical findings<br />

should not be delayed by imaging investigations.<br />

Ultrasound is also the first investigation of<br />

choice for demonstrating suspected psoas abscess<br />

or haematoma 20 (Fig. 10.6).<br />

SAG RT<br />

Figure 10.6<br />

A large, right-sided psoas haematoma.<br />

References<br />

1. Forster R, Pillasch J, Zielke A. 1993 Ultrasonography<br />

in blunt abdominal trauma: influence of the investigator’s<br />

experience. Journal of Trauma 34: 264–269.<br />

2. Porter RS, Nester BA, Dalsey WC et al. 1997 Use of<br />

ultrasound to determine the need for laparotomy in<br />

trauma patients. Annals of Emergency Medicine 29:<br />

323–330.<br />

3. McGahan JP, Rose J, Coates TL et al. 1997 Use of<br />

ultrasonography in the patient with acute abdominal<br />

trauma. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 16:<br />

653–662.<br />

4. American College of Emergency Physicians. 1997 Use<br />

of ultrasound imaging by emergency physicians<br />

[policy statement]. Annals of Emergency Medicine<br />

30: 364–365.<br />

5. Scalea TM, Rodriguez A, Chiu WC et al. 1999<br />

Focused assessment with sonography for trauma<br />

(FAST): results from an international consensus<br />

conference. Journal of Trauma-Injury, Infection and<br />

Critical Care 46: 466–472.<br />

6. Bode PJ, Neizen RA, Van Vugt AB. 1993 Abdominal<br />

ultrasound as a reliable indicator for conclusive<br />

laparotomy in blunt abdominal trauma. Journal of<br />

Trauma 34: 27–31.<br />

7. Lentz KA, McKenney MG, Nunez DB et al. 1996<br />

Evaluating blunt abdominal trauma. Journal of<br />

Ultrasound in Medicine 15: 447–451.<br />

8. Rothlin MA, Naf R, Amgwerd M. 1993 Ultrasound<br />

in blunt abdominal and thoracic trauma. Journal of<br />

Trauma 34: 488–495.<br />

9. Craig MH, Talton DS, Hauser CJ, Poole GV. 1995<br />

Pancreatic injuries from blunt trauma. American<br />

Surgeon 61: 125–128.<br />

10. Chen SC, Wang HP, Chen WJ et al. 2002 Selective<br />

use of ultrasonography for the detection of<br />

pneumoperitoneum. Academic Emergency Medicine<br />

9: 643–645.<br />

11. Lameris JS, Van-Overhagen H. 1995 Imaging and<br />

intervention in patients with acute right upper<br />

quadrant disease. Baillière’s Clinical Gastroenterology<br />

9: 21–36.<br />

12. Cohen SA, Siegel JH. 1995 Biliary tract emergencies:<br />

endoscopic and medical management. Critical Care<br />

Clinics 11: 273–294.<br />

13. Norton ID, Clain JE, Wiersema MJ et al. 2001<br />

Utility of endoscopic ultrasonography in endoscopic<br />

drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts in selected<br />

patients. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 76: 794–798.<br />

14. Tack D, Sourtzis S, Delpierre I, de Maertelaer V,<br />

Gevenois PA. 2003 Low-dose unenhanced<br />

multidetector CT of patients with suspected renal colic.<br />

American Journal of Roentgenology 180: 305–311.<br />

15. Colistro R, Torreggiani WC, Lyburn ID et al. 2002<br />

Unenhanced helical CT in the investigation of acute<br />

flank pain. Clinical Radiology 57: 435–441.<br />

16. Catalano O, Nunziata A, Altei F, Siani A. 2002<br />

Suspected ureteral colic: primary helical CT versus<br />

selective helical CT after unenhanced radiography and<br />

sonography. American Journal of Roentgenology 178:<br />

379–387.

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