Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - OSEH - University ...

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References Atlanta Regional Commission. Georgia Stormwater Management Manual. August 2001. California Stormwater BMP Handbook. California Stormwater Quality Association, January 2003. DeBustk, Thomas A., Michael A. Langston, Benefict Schwegler, and Scott Davidson. “An Evaluation of Filter Media For Treating Stormwater Runoff.” Fifth Biennial Stormwater Research Conference, November, 1997. Erickson, Andrew J., John S. Gulliver, and Peter T. Weiss. “Enhanced Sand Filtration for Storm Water Phosphorus Removal.” Liu, Dingfang, John J. Sansalone, and Frank K. Cartledge.“Comparison of Sorptive Filter Media for Treatment of Metals in Runoff.” Minnesota Stormwater Manual, 2006. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. www.pca.state.mn.us/ water/stormwater/stormwater-manual.html National Pollutant Removal Performance Database – Version 3. Center for Watershed Protection, September 2007. New York Stormwater Management Manual. New York Department of Environmental Conservation, 2003. “Overview of Performance by BMP Category and Common Pollutant Type,” International Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) Database, October 2007. Pennsylvania Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, 2006. Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, December 30, 2006. Scholes, D.; Michael D. Revitt, and Bryan J. Ellis. “A Systematic Approach for the Comparative Assessment of Stormwater Pollutant Removal Potentials,” Journal of Environmental Management, March 11, 2007. Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, 2007. North Carolina Division of Water Quality, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, July 2007. www.ncwaterquality.org/su/documents/BMPManual_WholeDocument_CoverRevisedDec2007.pdf “Stormwater Best Management Practices in an Ultra-Urban Setting: Selection and Monitoring.” U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, May 2002. Stormwater Management Guidance Manual, Version 2.0. Philadelphia, PA: Office of Watersheds, Philadelphia Water Department. www.phillyriverinfo.org/programs/SubProgramMain.aspx?Id=StormwaterManual Urbonas, Ben. “Stormwater Sand Filter Sizing and Design - A Unit Operation Approach,” 2002. www.udfcd.org/ downloads/pdf/tech_papers/Sand-flt-paper.pdf Urbonas, Ben R., John T. Doerfer, and L. Scott Tucker “Field Evaluation of a Stormwater Sand Filter.” www. udfcd.org/fhn96/flood1.html Weiss, Peter T., John S. Gulliver, and Andrew Erickson. “Cost and Pollutant Removal of Storm-Water Treatment Practices,” Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, May/June 2007. Winkler, E.S. and P.L.M. Veneman. “A Denitrification System For Septic Tank Effluent Using Sphagnum Peat Moss.” LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 168
BMP Fact Sheet Detention Basins Detention basins are temporary stormwater storage structures that help prevent downstream flooding. The primary purpose of detention basins is the attenuation of stormwater runoff peaks. Detention basin with a no mow buffer in West Bloomfield Township, MI Source: Hubbell, Roth, & Clark Applications Residential Yes Commercial Yes Ultra Urban Yes Industrial Yes Retrofit Yes Highway/Road Yes Recreational Yes Variations • Dry ponds • Wet ponds • Underground detention • Constructed wetlands • Bioretention Key Design Features • Storage capacity highly dependent on available site area • Outlet structure configuration determines peak rate reduction effectiveness • Can be used in combination with other BMPs • Regular maintenance of vegetation and sediment removal required • Natural high groundwater table required for wet ponds and constructed wetlands • Relatively impermeable soils or impermeable liner • Forebay for sediment collection and removal • Dewatering mechanism required for wet ponds and constructed wetlands • Stabilized emergency overflow and energy dissipation at all outlets Stormwater Quantity Functions Volume Low Groundwater Recharge None or Low Peak Rate High Stormwater Quality Functions Varies by type as follows: Type TSS TP TN Temperature Dry Pond Medium Medium Low Low Wet Pond High Medium Medium Low/Medium Constructed Wetland High Medium Medium Low/Medium Underground Detention N/A N/A N/A N/A LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 169
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A Design Guide for Implementers and
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LID Manual for Michigan Page ii
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Shawn Keenan, City of Auburn Hills
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Appendix G: Stormwater Management P
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Figure 7.18 Filter with infiltratio
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Table 7.9 Definitions of Wetland Ve
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How this manual is organized This m
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discuss a new development. The staf
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In a natural woodland or meadow in
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Almost all components of the urban
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Benefits of implementing LID Implem
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Table 2.2 Summary of Cost Compariso
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Getting started with LID LID can be
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Precipitation also varies slightly
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Figure 3.4 Soil Freezing in Lower M
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Figure 3.6 Michigan Surficial Geolo
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Most soils in Michigan are classifi
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Table 3.3 Representative Cation Exc
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There is currently no single broadl
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Wellhead protection areas/ public w
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Table 3.4 Michigan Rivers and Strea
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References * Bailey, R.M and G.R. S
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LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 3
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Following are sample goals and poli
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Develop regulations that encourage/
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Construction activity • Minimize
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Street sweeping in Bloomfield Towns
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Resistance from internal sources an
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Site constraints that may pose chal
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Entity Stormwater Jurisdiction Coun
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Step 1: Property acquisition and us
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can be incorporated into the develo
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Step 3: Integrate municipal, county
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BMP Selection Process This chapter
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Case Study: Title The second page o
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Case Study: Pokagon Band of Potawat
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Figure 6.2 Conventional development
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Clu
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Case Study: Minimizing soil compact
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4. Topsoil stockpiling and storage
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References Hanks, D. and Lewandowsk
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Case Study: Longmeadow Development
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Applications Minimizing the total d
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Criteria to Receive Credits for Min
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Case Study: Marywood Health Center
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Design Considerations 1. Identify n
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References Center for Watershed Pro
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Case Study: Macomb County Public Wo
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Zone 3: Also termed the “outer zo
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• Limit clearing and grading of f
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Case Study: Western Michigan Univer
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Protection of sensitive areas in re
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then weightings of potential develo
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Floodplains • Design the project
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References Arendt, Randall G. Growi
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Case Study: Willard Beach Implement
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Table 6.2 Narrow residential street
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Parking Parking lots often comprise
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Red
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
Page 130 and 131: In addition to directing runoff to
Page 132 and 133: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dis
Page 134 and 135: Runoff Volume/ Infiltration Runoff
Page 136 and 137: Figure 7.1 Structural BMP Selection
Page 138 and 139: In general, the techniques describe
Page 140 and 141: Table 7.3 Additional BMP considerat
Page 142 and 143: Maintenance Provides guidance on re
Page 144 and 145: Case Study: Grayling Stormwater Pro
Page 146 and 147: Figure 7.5 illustrates a schematic
Page 148 and 149: Flow inlet: Curbs and curb cuts Cur
Page 150 and 151: Roads and highways Figure 7.13 show
Page 152 and 153: Design Considerations Bioretention
Page 154 and 155: 7. Planting periods will vary but,
Page 156 and 157: Construction Guidelines The followi
Page 158 and 159: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Rai
Page 160 and 161: Case Study: Stormwater Capture with
Page 162 and 163: Ford Rouge Plant cistern Vertical s
Page 164 and 165: Design Considerations Design and in
Page 166 and 167: the tank can accommodate.) (www.sta
Page 168 and 169: References “Black Vertical Storag
Page 170 and 171: Case Study: Constructed Linear Sand
Page 172 and 173: Surface non-vegetated filter A surf
Page 174 and 175: Large subsurface filter Large Subsu
Page 176 and 177: would modestly increase constructio
Page 178 and 179: During inspection the following con
Page 182 and 183: Site Factors Type Basin Bottom Rela
Page 184 and 185: LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 7
Page 186 and 187: Variations For this manual, detenti
Page 188 and 189: Precast concrete vault Source: Amer
Page 190 and 191: surface into the pond to a maximum
Page 192 and 193: sink for pollutants and generally h
Page 194 and 195: The presettlement and post-developm
Page 196 and 197: wet pond and constructed wetland op
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Page 200 and 201: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dry
Page 202 and 203: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Con
Page 204 and 205: References AMEC Earth and Environme
Page 206 and 207: Key Design Features • Depth to wa
Page 208 and 209: Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
Page 210 and 211: Infiltration basins, subsurface inf
Page 212 and 213: Figure 7.24 Cross-section of dry we
Page 214 and 215: • The soil mantle should be prese
Page 216 and 217: Additional design considerations fo
Page 218 and 219: • Though roofs are generally not
Page 220 and 221: Subsurface infiltration bed Source:
Page 222 and 223: Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
Page 224 and 225: • Protect the infiltration area f
Page 226 and 227: Additional Construction Guidelines
Page 228 and 229: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Inf
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References AMEC Earth and Environme
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Case Study: Washtenaw County West S
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Design Considerations Level spreade
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3. Inspect the filter strip and the
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References Hathaway, Jon and Hunt,
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Case Study: Black River Heritage Tr
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Figure 7.31 Native meadow species c
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Applications • Residential - Nati
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5. Amend soil: In those sites where
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Water quality improvement Landscape
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References Arendt, R. Growing Green
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Case Study: Grand Valley State Univ
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Staging, construction practices, an
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Reinforced turf/gravel Reinforced t
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4. Pervious pavement and infiltrati
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12. Proper pervious pavement applic
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Figure 7.40 Open-graded, clean, coa
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Repairs • Surface should never be
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References Adams, Michele. “Porou
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Case Study: Michigan Avenue Streets
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Native vegetation should be used in
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Design Considerations • Suggested
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oxes, etc. should be installed in a
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References Stormwater Management Gu
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Case Study: Nankin Mills Interpreti
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Figure 7.45 Schematic of a three-zo
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3. Analyze site’s vegetative feat
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Black River Heritage Trail and Wate
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Table 7.14 Tree spacing per acre Sp
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4. Stable debris As Zone 1 reaches
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References Alliance for the Chesape
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Case Study: Ann Arbor District Libr
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• Major compaction - Deep compact
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e. Add six inches compost or other
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References “Achieving the Post-Co
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Case Study: Wayne County, MI Ford R
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slope needs to be determined. This
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Figure 7.52 Sandy soils with HSG Gr
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Figure 7.56 Clay Loam, Silty Clay o
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• Guidance information, usually i
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Case Study: City of Battle Creek Ci
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Table 7.16 Vegetated roof types Ext
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Dual media assemblies Dual media (F
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Over a period of time roots can dam
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Technical requirements Root resista
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Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: Meadowlake Farms Bioswa
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lower flows (two-year storm) to dra
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Stone check dams Source: Road Commi
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Table 7.18 Permanent stabilization
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Peak rate mitigation Vegetated swal
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: LaVista Storm Drain Pro
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Basket type inserts Basket type ins
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Maintenance is crucial to the effec
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Roadway design, construction, and m
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• Vegetated systems such as grass
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Of the options explored, the study
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Figure 8.3 Tree planting detail Sou
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Opportunities for MPOs Metropolitan
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Construction on the project began i
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The following are examples of imple
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Horizontal grates can be added to a
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East Hills Center City of Grand Rap
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Implementing LID in High Risk Areas
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References AASHTO Center for Enviro
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LID Design Criteria Defining the hy
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Flood control Flood control is base
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Table 9.1 90 Percent Nonexceedance
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Initial abstraction (I a ) includes
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The Curve Number Method is less acc
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I = the average rainfall intensity
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Table 9.4 Rainfall Events of 24-Hou
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• Proceed to Flow Chart B, Peak R
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FLOW CHART A Stormwater Calculation
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Excessively drained soils may requi
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Worksheet 2. Sensitive Natural Reso
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WORKSHEET 4. Calculations for Volum
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WORKSHEET 6. SMALL SITE / SMALL IMP
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WORKSHEET 8. WATER QUALITY WORKSHEE
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Reese, S. and J. Lee. “Summary of
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ing Department. Most maintenance co
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The Hydrotech Garden Roof Assembly
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Bioswales provide infiltration of s
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The Ingham County Drain Commissione
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Constructed wetland The lowest port
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LID Manual for Michigan - Appendix
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Check dam Cistern Clustering Combin
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H:V Horizontal to vertical ratio. H
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Planter box Pervious pavement Phase
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Total phosphorous (TP) The total am
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Ecoregion recommendations are also
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Zone A Planting Zone = two-to-four
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Zone C Planting Zone = zero-to-two
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Representative Zone C Species Cardi
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone E Planting Zone = four-to-18 i
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Representative Zone E Species Tall
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone G Planter Box Plantings Althou
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Zone H Vegetated Roof Plantings Res
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Pervious Berms (Vegetated Filter St
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Vegetated roofs Some key components
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Step 1. Background evaluation Prior
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Methodology for double-ring infiltr
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Step 4. Use design considerations p
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Detention BMP Inspection Checklist*
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Infiltration BMPs Inspection Checkl
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Bioretention Inspection Checklist*
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Bioswale, Filter Strip Inspection C
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6. The [Community] or its designee
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STATE OF MICHIGAN ) ) ss. COUNTY OF
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Exhibit B - Location Map (Sample) S
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• Stormwater runoff, soil erosion
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Retention. A holding system for sto
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ARTICLE IV. STORMWATER PLAN REQUIRE
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The particular facilities and measu
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10. Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the
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Table H.2 Pre-Treatment Options for
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f. Complete development agreements
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must be submitted to the Michigan D
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C. Construction Plans shall be revi
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fine for each day. The rights and r
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Southeast Michigan Council of Gover
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