Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - OSEH - University ...

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References Adams, Michele. “Porous Asphalt Pavement with Recharge Beds: 20 Years & Still Working,” Stormwater, 4, 24-32, 2003. Asphalt Pavement Association of Michigan (www.apa-mi.org/) Backstrom, Magnus (1999). Porous Pavement in a Cold Climate. Licentiate Thesis, Lulea University of Technology. Lulea, Sweden (epubl.luth.se) 1999. Cahill, Thomas. Porous Pavement with Underground Recharge Beds, Engineering Design Manual. West Chester Pennsylvania: Cahill Associates, 1993. Cahill, Thomas. “A Second Look at Porous Pavement/Underground Recharge,” Watershed Protection Techniques, 1, 76-78, 1994. Cahill, Thomas, Michele Adams, and Courtney Marm. “Porous Asphalt: The Right Choice for Porous Pavements,” Hot Mix Asphalt Technology September-October, 2003. Ferguson, Bruce. Porous Pavements, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2005. Florida Concrete and Products Association. Construction of a Portland Cement Pervious Pavement, Orlando, Florida: Florida Concrete and Products Association. Hossain, Mustaque, Larry A. Scofield, and W.R. Meier, Jr. “Porous Pavement for Control of Highway Runoff in Arizona: Performance to Date,” Transportation Research Record 1354, 45-54, 1992. Jackson, Newt. Porous Asphalt Pavements, Information Series 131, Lanham, Maryland: National Asphalt Pavement Association, 2003. Kandhal, Prithvi S. Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Open-Graded Asphalt Friction Courses, Information Series 115, Lanham, Maryland: National Asphalt Pavement Association, 2002. Kandhal, Prithvi S., and Rajib B. Mallick. Design of New-Generation Open-Graded Friction Courses, Report No. 99-2, Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University National Center for Asphalt Technology, 1999. Kandhal, Prithvi S., and Rajib B. Mallick. Open-Graded Asphalt Friction Course: State of the Practice, Report No. 98-7, Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University National Center for Asphalt Technology, 1998. Mallick, Rajib B., Prithvi S. Kandhal, L. Allen Cooley Jr., and Donald E. Watson. Design, Construction and Performance of New-Generation Open-Graded Friction Courses, Report No. 2000-01, Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University National Center for Asphalt Technology, 2000. Michigan Concrete Association, Specifiers Guide for Pervious Concrete Pavement Design, August 2007 (www. miconcrete.org/pdf/Pervious_Spec_Guide.pdf). Paine, John E. Stormwater Design Guide, Portland Cement Pervious Pavement. Orlando, Florida: Florida Concrete and Products Association, 1990. Smith, David R. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements: Selection, Design, Construction, Maintenance, 3 rd ed., Washington: Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute, 2006. Tennis, Paul, D.; Leming, M. L.; and Akers, D. J. Pervious Concrete Pavements. Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, and National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, Silver Spring, MD, 2004. Thelen, E. and Howe, L.F. Porous Pavement. Philadelphia: Franklin Institute Press, 1978. LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 256
BMP Fact Sheet Planter Boxes Planter boxes receive runoff from multiple impervious surfaces, which is used for irrigation of the vegetation in the planter box preventing stormwater from directly draining into nearby sewers. They also play an important role in urban areas by minimizing stormwater runoff, reducing water pollution, and creating a greener and healthier appearance of the built environment by providing space for plants and trees near buildings and along streets. There are three main types of planter boxes which can be used on sidewalks, plazas, rooftops, and other impervious areas: contained, infiltration, and flow-through. Bioretention in planter box along Michigan Avenue, Lansing, Michigan Source: Tetra Tech, Inc. Potential Applications Stormwater Quantity Functions Residential Yes Volume Low/Med Commercial Yes Groundwater Recharge Low/Med Ultra Urban Yes Peak Rate Low Industrial Limited Stormwater Quality Functions Retrofit Yes TSS Medium Highway/Road No TP Medium Recreational Yes TN Low/Med Temperature Low/Med Additional Considerations Cost High Maintenance Medium Winter Performance Medium Variations • Contained • Infiltration • Flow-through Key Design Features • May be designed as pretreatment • May be designed to infiltrate • Captures runoff to drain out in three to four hours after a storm event • Receives less than 15,000 square feet of impervious area runoff • Planters should be made of stone, concrete, brick, or pressure-treated wood Benefits • Enhances the area where they are placed • Potential air quality and climate benefits • Can be used in a wide range of areas, including ultra-urban Limitations • Limited stormwater quantity/ quality benefits • Relatively high cost due to structural components LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 257
Page 1:
A Design Guide for Implementers and
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LID Manual for Michigan Page ii
Page 6 and 7:
Shawn Keenan, City of Auburn Hills
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Appendix G: Stormwater Management P
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Figure 7.18 Filter with infiltratio
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Table 7.9 Definitions of Wetland Ve
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How this manual is organized This m
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discuss a new development. The staf
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In a natural woodland or meadow in
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Almost all components of the urban
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Benefits of implementing LID Implem
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Table 2.2 Summary of Cost Compariso
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Getting started with LID LID can be
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Precipitation also varies slightly
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Figure 3.4 Soil Freezing in Lower M
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Figure 3.6 Michigan Surficial Geolo
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Most soils in Michigan are classifi
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Table 3.3 Representative Cation Exc
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There is currently no single broadl
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Wellhead protection areas/ public w
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Table 3.4 Michigan Rivers and Strea
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References * Bailey, R.M and G.R. S
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LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 3
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Following are sample goals and poli
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Develop regulations that encourage/
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Construction activity • Minimize
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Street sweeping in Bloomfield Towns
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Resistance from internal sources an
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Site constraints that may pose chal
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Entity Stormwater Jurisdiction Coun
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Step 1: Property acquisition and us
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can be incorporated into the develo
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Step 3: Integrate municipal, county
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BMP Selection Process This chapter
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Case Study: Title The second page o
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Case Study: Pokagon Band of Potawat
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Figure 6.2 Conventional development
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Clu
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Case Study: Minimizing soil compact
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4. Topsoil stockpiling and storage
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References Hanks, D. and Lewandowsk
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Case Study: Longmeadow Development
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Applications Minimizing the total d
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Criteria to Receive Credits for Min
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Case Study: Marywood Health Center
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Design Considerations 1. Identify n
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References Center for Watershed Pro
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Case Study: Macomb County Public Wo
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Zone 3: Also termed the “outer zo
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• Limit clearing and grading of f
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Case Study: Western Michigan Univer
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Protection of sensitive areas in re
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then weightings of potential develo
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Floodplains • Design the project
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References Arendt, Randall G. Growi
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Case Study: Willard Beach Implement
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Table 6.2 Narrow residential street
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Parking Parking lots often comprise
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Red
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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In addition to directing runoff to
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dis
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Runoff Volume/ Infiltration Runoff
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Figure 7.1 Structural BMP Selection
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In general, the techniques describe
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Table 7.3 Additional BMP considerat
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Maintenance Provides guidance on re
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Case Study: Grayling Stormwater Pro
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Figure 7.5 illustrates a schematic
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Flow inlet: Curbs and curb cuts Cur
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Roads and highways Figure 7.13 show
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Design Considerations Bioretention
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7. Planting periods will vary but,
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Construction Guidelines The followi
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Rai
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Case Study: Stormwater Capture with
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Ford Rouge Plant cistern Vertical s
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Design Considerations Design and in
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the tank can accommodate.) (www.sta
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References “Black Vertical Storag
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Case Study: Constructed Linear Sand
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Surface non-vegetated filter A surf
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Large subsurface filter Large Subsu
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would modestly increase constructio
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During inspection the following con
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References Atlanta Regional Commiss
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Site Factors Type Basin Bottom Rela
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Variations For this manual, detenti
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Precast concrete vault Source: Amer
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surface into the pond to a maximum
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sink for pollutants and generally h
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The presettlement and post-developm
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wet pond and constructed wetland op
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ackfilling operation should driven
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dry
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Con
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References AMEC Earth and Environme
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Key Design Features • Depth to wa
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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Infiltration basins, subsurface inf
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Figure 7.24 Cross-section of dry we
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• The soil mantle should be prese
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Additional design considerations fo
Page 218 and 219: • Though roofs are generally not
Page 220 and 221: Subsurface infiltration bed Source:
Page 222 and 223: Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
Page 224 and 225: • Protect the infiltration area f
Page 226 and 227: Additional Construction Guidelines
Page 228 and 229: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Inf
Page 230 and 231: References AMEC Earth and Environme
Page 232 and 233: LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 7
Page 234 and 235: Case Study: Washtenaw County West S
Page 236 and 237: Design Considerations Level spreade
Page 238 and 239: 3. Inspect the filter strip and the
Page 240 and 241: References Hathaway, Jon and Hunt,
Page 242 and 243: Case Study: Black River Heritage Tr
Page 244 and 245: Figure 7.31 Native meadow species c
Page 246 and 247: Applications • Residential - Nati
Page 248 and 249: 5. Amend soil: In those sites where
Page 250 and 251: Water quality improvement Landscape
Page 252 and 253: References Arendt, R. Growing Green
Page 254 and 255: Case Study: Grand Valley State Univ
Page 256 and 257: Staging, construction practices, an
Page 258 and 259: Reinforced turf/gravel Reinforced t
Page 260 and 261: 4. Pervious pavement and infiltrati
Page 262 and 263: 12. Proper pervious pavement applic
Page 264 and 265: Figure 7.40 Open-graded, clean, coa
Page 266 and 267: Repairs • Surface should never be
Page 270 and 271: Case Study: Michigan Avenue Streets
Page 272 and 273: Native vegetation should be used in
Page 274 and 275: Design Considerations • Suggested
Page 276 and 277: oxes, etc. should be installed in a
Page 278 and 279: References Stormwater Management Gu
Page 280 and 281: Case Study: Nankin Mills Interpreti
Page 282 and 283: Figure 7.45 Schematic of a three-zo
Page 284 and 285: 3. Analyze site’s vegetative feat
Page 286 and 287: Black River Heritage Trail and Wate
Page 288 and 289: Table 7.14 Tree spacing per acre Sp
Page 290 and 291: 4. Stable debris As Zone 1 reaches
Page 292 and 293: References Alliance for the Chesape
Page 294 and 295: Case Study: Ann Arbor District Libr
Page 296 and 297: • Major compaction - Deep compact
Page 298 and 299: e. Add six inches compost or other
Page 300 and 301: References “Achieving the Post-Co
Page 302 and 303: Case Study: Wayne County, MI Ford R
Page 304 and 305: slope needs to be determined. This
Page 306 and 307: Figure 7.52 Sandy soils with HSG Gr
Page 308 and 309: Figure 7.56 Clay Loam, Silty Clay o
Page 310 and 311: • Guidance information, usually i
Page 312 and 313: LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 7
Page 314 and 315: Case Study: City of Battle Creek Ci
Page 316 and 317: Table 7.16 Vegetated roof types Ext
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Dual media assemblies Dual media (F
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Over a period of time roots can dam
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Technical requirements Root resista
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Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: Meadowlake Farms Bioswa
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lower flows (two-year storm) to dra
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Stone check dams Source: Road Commi
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Table 7.18 Permanent stabilization
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Peak rate mitigation Vegetated swal
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: LaVista Storm Drain Pro
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Basket type inserts Basket type ins
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Maintenance is crucial to the effec
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Roadway design, construction, and m
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• Vegetated systems such as grass
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Of the options explored, the study
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Figure 8.3 Tree planting detail Sou
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Opportunities for MPOs Metropolitan
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Construction on the project began i
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The following are examples of imple
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Horizontal grates can be added to a
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East Hills Center City of Grand Rap
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Implementing LID in High Risk Areas
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References AASHTO Center for Enviro
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LID Design Criteria Defining the hy
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Flood control Flood control is base
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Table 9.1 90 Percent Nonexceedance
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Initial abstraction (I a ) includes
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The Curve Number Method is less acc
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I = the average rainfall intensity
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Table 9.4 Rainfall Events of 24-Hou
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• Proceed to Flow Chart B, Peak R
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FLOW CHART A Stormwater Calculation
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Excessively drained soils may requi
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Worksheet 2. Sensitive Natural Reso
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WORKSHEET 4. Calculations for Volum
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WORKSHEET 6. SMALL SITE / SMALL IMP
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WORKSHEET 8. WATER QUALITY WORKSHEE
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Reese, S. and J. Lee. “Summary of
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ing Department. Most maintenance co
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The Hydrotech Garden Roof Assembly
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Bioswales provide infiltration of s
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The Ingham County Drain Commissione
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Constructed wetland The lowest port
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LID Manual for Michigan - Appendix
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Check dam Cistern Clustering Combin
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H:V Horizontal to vertical ratio. H
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Planter box Pervious pavement Phase
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Total phosphorous (TP) The total am
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Ecoregion recommendations are also
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Zone A Planting Zone = two-to-four
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Zone C Planting Zone = zero-to-two
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Representative Zone C Species Cardi
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone E Planting Zone = four-to-18 i
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Representative Zone E Species Tall
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone G Planter Box Plantings Althou
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Zone H Vegetated Roof Plantings Res
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Pervious Berms (Vegetated Filter St
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Vegetated roofs Some key components
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Step 1. Background evaluation Prior
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Methodology for double-ring infiltr
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Step 4. Use design considerations p
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Detention BMP Inspection Checklist*
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Infiltration BMPs Inspection Checkl
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Bioretention Inspection Checklist*
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Bioswale, Filter Strip Inspection C
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6. The [Community] or its designee
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STATE OF MICHIGAN ) ) ss. COUNTY OF
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Exhibit B - Location Map (Sample) S
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• Stormwater runoff, soil erosion
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Retention. A holding system for sto
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ARTICLE IV. STORMWATER PLAN REQUIRE
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The particular facilities and measu
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10. Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the
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Table H.2 Pre-Treatment Options for
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f. Complete development agreements
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must be submitted to the Michigan D
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C. Construction Plans shall be revi
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fine for each day. The rights and r
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Southeast Michigan Council of Gover
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