Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - OSEH - University ...

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References AMEC Earth and Environmental Center for Watershed Protection, et al. Georgia Stormwater Management Manual, 2001. Brown, W. and T. Schueler. The Economics of Stormwater BMPs in the Mid-Atlantic Region. Ellicott City, MD: Center for Watershed Protection, 1997. Braskerud, B.C. “Influence of Vegetation on Sedimentation and Resuspension of Soil Particles in Small Constructed Wetlands,” Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 30: pp. 1447-1457, 2001. California Stormwater Quality Association. California Stormwater Best Management Practices Handbook: New Development and Redevelopment. 2003. Campbell, C. and Ogden, M. Constructed Wetlands in the Sustainable Landscape. John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1999. Caraco, D. and Claytor, R. Stormwater BMP Design Supplement for Cold Climates. USEPA BMP Fact Sheet, 1997. CH2MHILL [What is this??]. Pennsylvania Handbook of Best Management Practices for Developing Areas, 1998. Chester County Conservation District. Chester County Stormwater BMP Tour Guide-Permanent Sediment Forebay, 2002. Center for Watershed Protection and Maryland Department of the Environment. 2000 Maryland Stormwater Design Manual, Baltimore, MD, 2000. City of Portland Environmental Services. City of Portland Stormwater Management Manual: Revision #2, 2002. Commonwealth of PA, Department of Transportation. Pub 408 - Specifications. Harrisburg, PA, 1990. Maryland Department of the Environment. Maryland Stormwater Design Manual, 2000. Merl, Keithe. Pinelands Commission Basin Failure Assessment and Investigation, 2007. Milner, George R. 2001. Conventional vs. Naturalized Detention Basins: A Cost/Benefit Analysis, 2001. Minnesota Stormwater Manual. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, 2005. Natural Resource Council. Wetlands: Characteristics and Boundaries, 1995. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. New Jersey Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, 2004. “Stormwater Management Fact Sheet: Dry Extended Detention Pond.” www.stormwatercenter.net. Vermont Agency of Natural Resources. The Vermont Stormwater Management Manual, 2002. Washington State Department of Ecology. Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington (Draft). Olympia, WA, 2002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Constructed Wetlands Treatment for Municipal Wastewaters Manual. Cincinnati, OH: National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, 2000. EPA/625/R-99/010. www.epa.gov/owow/wetlands/pdf/Design_Manual2000.pdf LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 192
BMP Fact Sheet Infiltration Practices Infiltration practices are natural or constructed land areas located in permeable soils that capture, store, and infiltrate the volume of stormwater runoff into surrounding soil. Infiltration Trench, City of Grayling, MI Source: Huron Pines Variations • Dry wells, also referred to as seepage pits, French drains or Dutch drains, are a subsurface storage facility (structural chambers or excavated pits, backfilled with a coarse stone aggregate) that temporarily store and infiltrate stormwater runoff from rooftop structures. Due to their size, dry wells are typically designed to handle stormwater runoff from smaller drainage areas, less than one acre in size. • Infiltration basins are shallow surface impoundments that temporarily store, capture, and infiltrate runoff over a period of several days on a level and uncompacted surface. Infiltration basins are typically used for drainage areas of 5 to 50 acres with land slopes that are less than 20 percent. • Infiltration berms use a site’s topography to manage stormwater and prevent erosion. Berms may function independently in grassy areas or may be incorporated into the design of other stormwater control facilities such as Bioretention and Constructed Wetlands. Berms may also serve various stormwater drainage functions including: creating a barrier to flow, retaining flow for volume control, and directing flows. • Infiltration trenches are linear subsurface infiltration structures typically composed of a stone trench wrapped with geotextile which is designed for both stormwater infiltration and conveyance in drainage areas less than five acres in size. • Subsurface infiltration beds generally consist of a rock storage (or alternative) bed below other surfaces such as parking lots, lawns, and playfields for temporary storage and infiltration of stormwater runoff with a maximum drainage area of 10 acres. • Bioretention can be an infiltration practice and is discussed in the Bioretention BMP. • Level spreaders can be an infiltration practice and is discussed in the Level Spreader BMP. LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 193
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A Design Guide for Implementers and
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LID Manual for Michigan Page ii
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Shawn Keenan, City of Auburn Hills
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Appendix G: Stormwater Management P
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Figure 7.18 Filter with infiltratio
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Table 7.9 Definitions of Wetland Ve
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How this manual is organized This m
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discuss a new development. The staf
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In a natural woodland or meadow in
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Almost all components of the urban
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Benefits of implementing LID Implem
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Table 2.2 Summary of Cost Compariso
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Getting started with LID LID can be
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Precipitation also varies slightly
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Figure 3.4 Soil Freezing in Lower M
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Figure 3.6 Michigan Surficial Geolo
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Most soils in Michigan are classifi
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Table 3.3 Representative Cation Exc
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There is currently no single broadl
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Wellhead protection areas/ public w
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Table 3.4 Michigan Rivers and Strea
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References * Bailey, R.M and G.R. S
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LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 3
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Following are sample goals and poli
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Develop regulations that encourage/
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Construction activity • Minimize
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Street sweeping in Bloomfield Towns
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Resistance from internal sources an
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Site constraints that may pose chal
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Entity Stormwater Jurisdiction Coun
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Step 1: Property acquisition and us
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can be incorporated into the develo
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Step 3: Integrate municipal, county
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BMP Selection Process This chapter
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Case Study: Title The second page o
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Case Study: Pokagon Band of Potawat
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Figure 6.2 Conventional development
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Clu
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Case Study: Minimizing soil compact
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4. Topsoil stockpiling and storage
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References Hanks, D. and Lewandowsk
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Case Study: Longmeadow Development
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Applications Minimizing the total d
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Criteria to Receive Credits for Min
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Case Study: Marywood Health Center
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Design Considerations 1. Identify n
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References Center for Watershed Pro
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Case Study: Macomb County Public Wo
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Zone 3: Also termed the “outer zo
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• Limit clearing and grading of f
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Case Study: Western Michigan Univer
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Protection of sensitive areas in re
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then weightings of potential develo
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Floodplains • Design the project
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References Arendt, Randall G. Growi
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Case Study: Willard Beach Implement
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Table 6.2 Narrow residential street
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Parking Parking lots often comprise
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Red
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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In addition to directing runoff to
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dis
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Runoff Volume/ Infiltration Runoff
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Figure 7.1 Structural BMP Selection
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In general, the techniques describe
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Table 7.3 Additional BMP considerat
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Maintenance Provides guidance on re
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Case Study: Grayling Stormwater Pro
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Figure 7.5 illustrates a schematic
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Flow inlet: Curbs and curb cuts Cur
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Roads and highways Figure 7.13 show
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Design Considerations Bioretention
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Page 156 and 157: Construction Guidelines The followi
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Page 160 and 161: Case Study: Stormwater Capture with
Page 162 and 163: Ford Rouge Plant cistern Vertical s
Page 164 and 165: Design Considerations Design and in
Page 166 and 167: the tank can accommodate.) (www.sta
Page 168 and 169: References “Black Vertical Storag
Page 170 and 171: Case Study: Constructed Linear Sand
Page 172 and 173: Surface non-vegetated filter A surf
Page 174 and 175: Large subsurface filter Large Subsu
Page 176 and 177: would modestly increase constructio
Page 178 and 179: During inspection the following con
Page 180 and 181: References Atlanta Regional Commiss
Page 182 and 183: Site Factors Type Basin Bottom Rela
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Page 186 and 187: Variations For this manual, detenti
Page 188 and 189: Precast concrete vault Source: Amer
Page 190 and 191: surface into the pond to a maximum
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Page 194 and 195: The presettlement and post-developm
Page 196 and 197: wet pond and constructed wetland op
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Page 200 and 201: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dry
Page 202 and 203: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Con
Page 206 and 207: Key Design Features • Depth to wa
Page 208 and 209: Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
Page 210 and 211: Infiltration basins, subsurface inf
Page 212 and 213: Figure 7.24 Cross-section of dry we
Page 214 and 215: • The soil mantle should be prese
Page 216 and 217: Additional design considerations fo
Page 218 and 219: • Though roofs are generally not
Page 220 and 221: Subsurface infiltration bed Source:
Page 222 and 223: Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
Page 224 and 225: • Protect the infiltration area f
Page 226 and 227: Additional Construction Guidelines
Page 228 and 229: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Inf
Page 230 and 231: References AMEC Earth and Environme
Page 232 and 233: LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 7
Page 234 and 235: Case Study: Washtenaw County West S
Page 236 and 237: Design Considerations Level spreade
Page 238 and 239: 3. Inspect the filter strip and the
Page 240 and 241: References Hathaway, Jon and Hunt,
Page 242 and 243: Case Study: Black River Heritage Tr
Page 244 and 245: Figure 7.31 Native meadow species c
Page 246 and 247: Applications • Residential - Nati
Page 248 and 249: 5. Amend soil: In those sites where
Page 250 and 251: Water quality improvement Landscape
Page 252 and 253: References Arendt, R. Growing Green
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Case Study: Grand Valley State Univ
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Staging, construction practices, an
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Reinforced turf/gravel Reinforced t
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4. Pervious pavement and infiltrati
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12. Proper pervious pavement applic
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Figure 7.40 Open-graded, clean, coa
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Repairs • Surface should never be
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References Adams, Michele. “Porou
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Case Study: Michigan Avenue Streets
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Native vegetation should be used in
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Design Considerations • Suggested
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oxes, etc. should be installed in a
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References Stormwater Management Gu
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Case Study: Nankin Mills Interpreti
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Figure 7.45 Schematic of a three-zo
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3. Analyze site’s vegetative feat
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Black River Heritage Trail and Wate
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Table 7.14 Tree spacing per acre Sp
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4. Stable debris As Zone 1 reaches
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References Alliance for the Chesape
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Case Study: Ann Arbor District Libr
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• Major compaction - Deep compact
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e. Add six inches compost or other
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References “Achieving the Post-Co
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Case Study: Wayne County, MI Ford R
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slope needs to be determined. This
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Figure 7.52 Sandy soils with HSG Gr
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Figure 7.56 Clay Loam, Silty Clay o
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• Guidance information, usually i
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Case Study: City of Battle Creek Ci
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Table 7.16 Vegetated roof types Ext
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Dual media assemblies Dual media (F
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Over a period of time roots can dam
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Technical requirements Root resista
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Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: Meadowlake Farms Bioswa
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lower flows (two-year storm) to dra
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Stone check dams Source: Road Commi
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Table 7.18 Permanent stabilization
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Peak rate mitigation Vegetated swal
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: LaVista Storm Drain Pro
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Basket type inserts Basket type ins
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Maintenance is crucial to the effec
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Roadway design, construction, and m
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• Vegetated systems such as grass
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Of the options explored, the study
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Figure 8.3 Tree planting detail Sou
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Opportunities for MPOs Metropolitan
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Construction on the project began i
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The following are examples of imple
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Horizontal grates can be added to a
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East Hills Center City of Grand Rap
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Implementing LID in High Risk Areas
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References AASHTO Center for Enviro
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LID Design Criteria Defining the hy
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Flood control Flood control is base
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Table 9.1 90 Percent Nonexceedance
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Initial abstraction (I a ) includes
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The Curve Number Method is less acc
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I = the average rainfall intensity
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Table 9.4 Rainfall Events of 24-Hou
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• Proceed to Flow Chart B, Peak R
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FLOW CHART A Stormwater Calculation
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Excessively drained soils may requi
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Worksheet 2. Sensitive Natural Reso
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WORKSHEET 4. Calculations for Volum
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WORKSHEET 6. SMALL SITE / SMALL IMP
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WORKSHEET 8. WATER QUALITY WORKSHEE
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Reese, S. and J. Lee. “Summary of
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ing Department. Most maintenance co
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The Hydrotech Garden Roof Assembly
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Bioswales provide infiltration of s
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The Ingham County Drain Commissione
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Constructed wetland The lowest port
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LID Manual for Michigan - Appendix
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Check dam Cistern Clustering Combin
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H:V Horizontal to vertical ratio. H
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Planter box Pervious pavement Phase
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Total phosphorous (TP) The total am
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Ecoregion recommendations are also
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Zone A Planting Zone = two-to-four
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Zone C Planting Zone = zero-to-two
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Representative Zone C Species Cardi
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone E Planting Zone = four-to-18 i
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Representative Zone E Species Tall
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone G Planter Box Plantings Althou
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Zone H Vegetated Roof Plantings Res
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Pervious Berms (Vegetated Filter St
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Vegetated roofs Some key components
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Step 1. Background evaluation Prior
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Methodology for double-ring infiltr
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Step 4. Use design considerations p
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Detention BMP Inspection Checklist*
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Infiltration BMPs Inspection Checkl
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Bioretention Inspection Checklist*
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Bioswale, Filter Strip Inspection C
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6. The [Community] or its designee
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STATE OF MICHIGAN ) ) ss. COUNTY OF
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Exhibit B - Location Map (Sample) S
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• Stormwater runoff, soil erosion
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Retention. A holding system for sto
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ARTICLE IV. STORMWATER PLAN REQUIRE
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The particular facilities and measu
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10. Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the
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Table H.2 Pre-Treatment Options for
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f. Complete development agreements
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must be submitted to the Michigan D
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C. Construction Plans shall be revi
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fine for each day. The rights and r
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Southeast Michigan Council of Gover
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