Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - OSEH - University ...

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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Vegetated Roofs Type of vegetated roof(s) proposed: ___________________________________________ ITEM YES NO N/A NOTES Load and structural capacity analyzed? Waterproofing layer and protection adequate? Leak protection system provided? Internal drainage capacity for large storms? Appropriate growing medium? Appropriate drainage media and/or layer? Geotextile/filter fabric specified? Good detailing (flashings, penetrations, drains, gravel edges, etc.)? Slope stability provided, if necessary? Appropriate vegetation selected? Plant establishment (temporary irrigation/fertilization) procedures provided? Erosion control / wind protection provided? Maintenance accounted for and plan provided? References Berghage et al. “Green Roof Runoff Water Quality,” The Green Roof Infrastructure Monitor, Green Roofs for Healthy Cities (www.greenroofs.org), Fall 2007. Dunnett, N., and N. Kingsbury. Planting Green Roofs and Living Walls. Timber Press, 2004. Guidelines for the Planning, Installation, and Maintenance in Roof Greening, English Version. 1995. (Richtlinen für die Planung, Ausführung und Pflege von Dachbegrünungen), Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau e.V. International Green Roof Association, www.igra-world.com. Lindow, E. and M. Michener, M. “Retrofitting a Green Roof on an Existing Facility: A Case History,” Journal of ASTM International, Vol. 4, No. 10, October 2007. [Discusses the award-winning retrofit of the public safety building in Battle Creek, MI.] Michigan State University, Green Roof Research Center, www.hrt.msu.edu/greenroof. Pennsylvania State University. Center for Green Roof Research, hortweb.cas.psu.edu/research/greenroofcenter. Southern Illinois University. Green Roof Environmental Evaluation Network. www.green-siue.com. LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 314
BMP Fact Sheet Vegetated Swale A vegetated swale (or bioswale) is a shallow stormwater channel that is densely planted with a variety of grasses, shrubs, and/or trees designed to slow, filter, and infiltrate stormwater runoff. Check dams can be used to improve performance and maximize infiltration, especially in steeper areas. Vegetated swale at the Pokagonek Edawat Housing Development in Dowagiac, MI. Source: Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians Applications Stormwater Quantity Functions Residential Yes Volume Low/Med Commercial Yes Groundwater Recharge Low/Med Ultra Urban Limited Peak Rate Low/Med Industrial Yes Stormwater Quality Functions Retrofit Limited TSS Med/High Highway/Road Yes TP Low/High Recreational Yes TN Medium Temperature Medium Additional Considerations Cost Low/Med Maintenance Low/Med Winter Performance Medium Variations • Vegetated swale with infiltration trench • Linear wetland swale • Grass swale Key Design Features • Handles the 10-year storm event with some freeboard • Two-year storm flows do not cause erosion • Maximum size is five acres • Bottom width of two to eight feet • Side slopes from 3:1 (H:V) to 5:1 • Longitudinal slope from one to six percent • Check dams can provide additional storage and infiltration. Site Factors • Water table to bedrock depth – two-foot minimum.* • Soils – A, B preferred; C & D may require an underdrain (see infiltration BMP) • Slope –one to six percent. (< one percent can be used w/ infiltration) • Potential hotspots – No • Maximum drainage area – five acres Benefits • Can replace curb and gutter for site drainage and provide significant cost savings • Water quality • Peak and volume control with infiltration Limitations • Limited application in areas where space is a concern • Unless designed for infiltration, there is limited peak and volume control * four feet recommended, if possible. LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 7 Page 315
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A Design Guide for Implementers and
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LID Manual for Michigan Page ii
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Shawn Keenan, City of Auburn Hills
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Appendix G: Stormwater Management P
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Figure 7.18 Filter with infiltratio
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Table 7.9 Definitions of Wetland Ve
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How this manual is organized This m
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discuss a new development. The staf
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In a natural woodland or meadow in
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Almost all components of the urban
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Benefits of implementing LID Implem
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Table 2.2 Summary of Cost Compariso
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Getting started with LID LID can be
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Precipitation also varies slightly
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Figure 3.4 Soil Freezing in Lower M
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Figure 3.6 Michigan Surficial Geolo
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Most soils in Michigan are classifi
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Table 3.3 Representative Cation Exc
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There is currently no single broadl
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Wellhead protection areas/ public w
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Table 3.4 Michigan Rivers and Strea
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References * Bailey, R.M and G.R. S
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LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 3
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Following are sample goals and poli
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Develop regulations that encourage/
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Construction activity • Minimize
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Street sweeping in Bloomfield Towns
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Resistance from internal sources an
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Site constraints that may pose chal
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Entity Stormwater Jurisdiction Coun
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Step 1: Property acquisition and us
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can be incorporated into the develo
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Step 3: Integrate municipal, county
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BMP Selection Process This chapter
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Case Study: Title The second page o
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Case Study: Pokagon Band of Potawat
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Figure 6.2 Conventional development
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Clu
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Case Study: Minimizing soil compact
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4. Topsoil stockpiling and storage
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References Hanks, D. and Lewandowsk
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Case Study: Longmeadow Development
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Applications Minimizing the total d
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Criteria to Receive Credits for Min
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Case Study: Marywood Health Center
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Design Considerations 1. Identify n
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References Center for Watershed Pro
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Case Study: Macomb County Public Wo
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Zone 3: Also termed the “outer zo
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• Limit clearing and grading of f
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Case Study: Western Michigan Univer
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Protection of sensitive areas in re
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then weightings of potential develo
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Floodplains • Design the project
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References Arendt, Randall G. Growi
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Case Study: Willard Beach Implement
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Table 6.2 Narrow residential street
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Parking Parking lots often comprise
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Red
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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In addition to directing runoff to
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dis
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Runoff Volume/ Infiltration Runoff
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Figure 7.1 Structural BMP Selection
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In general, the techniques describe
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Table 7.3 Additional BMP considerat
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Maintenance Provides guidance on re
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Case Study: Grayling Stormwater Pro
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Figure 7.5 illustrates a schematic
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Flow inlet: Curbs and curb cuts Cur
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Roads and highways Figure 7.13 show
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Design Considerations Bioretention
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7. Planting periods will vary but,
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Construction Guidelines The followi
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Rai
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Case Study: Stormwater Capture with
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Ford Rouge Plant cistern Vertical s
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Design Considerations Design and in
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the tank can accommodate.) (www.sta
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References “Black Vertical Storag
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Case Study: Constructed Linear Sand
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Surface non-vegetated filter A surf
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Large subsurface filter Large Subsu
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would modestly increase constructio
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During inspection the following con
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References Atlanta Regional Commiss
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Site Factors Type Basin Bottom Rela
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Variations For this manual, detenti
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Precast concrete vault Source: Amer
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surface into the pond to a maximum
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sink for pollutants and generally h
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The presettlement and post-developm
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wet pond and constructed wetland op
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ackfilling operation should driven
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dry
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Con
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References AMEC Earth and Environme
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Key Design Features • Depth to wa
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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Infiltration basins, subsurface inf
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Figure 7.24 Cross-section of dry we
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• The soil mantle should be prese
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Additional design considerations fo
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• Though roofs are generally not
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Subsurface infiltration bed Source:
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Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
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• Protect the infiltration area f
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Additional Construction Guidelines
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Inf
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References AMEC Earth and Environme
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Case Study: Washtenaw County West S
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Design Considerations Level spreade
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3. Inspect the filter strip and the
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References Hathaway, Jon and Hunt,
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Case Study: Black River Heritage Tr
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Figure 7.31 Native meadow species c
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Applications • Residential - Nati
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5. Amend soil: In those sites where
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Water quality improvement Landscape
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References Arendt, R. Growing Green
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Case Study: Grand Valley State Univ
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Staging, construction practices, an
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Reinforced turf/gravel Reinforced t
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4. Pervious pavement and infiltrati
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12. Proper pervious pavement applic
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Figure 7.40 Open-graded, clean, coa
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Repairs • Surface should never be
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References Adams, Michele. “Porou
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Case Study: Michigan Avenue Streets
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Native vegetation should be used in
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Design Considerations • Suggested
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Page 278 and 279: References Stormwater Management Gu
Page 280 and 281: Case Study: Nankin Mills Interpreti
Page 282 and 283: Figure 7.45 Schematic of a three-zo
Page 284 and 285: 3. Analyze site’s vegetative feat
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Page 288 and 289: Table 7.14 Tree spacing per acre Sp
Page 290 and 291: 4. Stable debris As Zone 1 reaches
Page 292 and 293: References Alliance for the Chesape
Page 294 and 295: Case Study: Ann Arbor District Libr
Page 296 and 297: • Major compaction - Deep compact
Page 298 and 299: e. Add six inches compost or other
Page 300 and 301: References “Achieving the Post-Co
Page 302 and 303: Case Study: Wayne County, MI Ford R
Page 304 and 305: slope needs to be determined. This
Page 306 and 307: Figure 7.52 Sandy soils with HSG Gr
Page 308 and 309: Figure 7.56 Clay Loam, Silty Clay o
Page 310 and 311: • Guidance information, usually i
Page 312 and 313: LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 7
Page 314 and 315: Case Study: City of Battle Creek Ci
Page 316 and 317: Table 7.16 Vegetated roof types Ext
Page 318 and 319: Dual media assemblies Dual media (F
Page 320 and 321: Over a period of time roots can dam
Page 322 and 323: Technical requirements Root resista
Page 324 and 325: Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
Page 328 and 329: Case Study: Meadowlake Farms Bioswa
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Page 332 and 333: Stone check dams Source: Road Commi
Page 334 and 335: Table 7.18 Permanent stabilization
Page 336 and 337: Peak rate mitigation Vegetated swal
Page 338 and 339: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Page 342 and 343: Case Study: LaVista Storm Drain Pro
Page 344 and 345: Basket type inserts Basket type ins
Page 346 and 347: Maintenance is crucial to the effec
Page 348 and 349: Roadway design, construction, and m
Page 350 and 351: • Vegetated systems such as grass
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Page 356 and 357: Opportunities for MPOs Metropolitan
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Page 364 and 365: East Hills Center City of Grand Rap
Page 366 and 367: Implementing LID in High Risk Areas
Page 368 and 369: References AASHTO Center for Enviro
Page 370 and 371: LID Design Criteria Defining the hy
Page 372 and 373: Flood control Flood control is base
Page 374 and 375: Table 9.1 90 Percent Nonexceedance
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Initial abstraction (I a ) includes
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The Curve Number Method is less acc
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I = the average rainfall intensity
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Table 9.4 Rainfall Events of 24-Hou
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• Proceed to Flow Chart B, Peak R
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FLOW CHART A Stormwater Calculation
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Excessively drained soils may requi
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Worksheet 2. Sensitive Natural Reso
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WORKSHEET 4. Calculations for Volum
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WORKSHEET 6. SMALL SITE / SMALL IMP
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WORKSHEET 8. WATER QUALITY WORKSHEE
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Reese, S. and J. Lee. “Summary of
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ing Department. Most maintenance co
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The Hydrotech Garden Roof Assembly
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Bioswales provide infiltration of s
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The Ingham County Drain Commissione
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Constructed wetland The lowest port
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LID Manual for Michigan - Appendix
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Check dam Cistern Clustering Combin
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H:V Horizontal to vertical ratio. H
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Planter box Pervious pavement Phase
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Total phosphorous (TP) The total am
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Ecoregion recommendations are also
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Zone A Planting Zone = two-to-four
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Zone C Planting Zone = zero-to-two
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Representative Zone C Species Cardi
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone E Planting Zone = four-to-18 i
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Representative Zone E Species Tall
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone G Planter Box Plantings Althou
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Zone H Vegetated Roof Plantings Res
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Pervious Berms (Vegetated Filter St
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Vegetated roofs Some key components
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Step 1. Background evaluation Prior
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Methodology for double-ring infiltr
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Step 4. Use design considerations p
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Detention BMP Inspection Checklist*
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Infiltration BMPs Inspection Checkl
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Bioretention Inspection Checklist*
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Bioswale, Filter Strip Inspection C
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6. The [Community] or its designee
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STATE OF MICHIGAN ) ) ss. COUNTY OF
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Exhibit B - Location Map (Sample) S
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• Stormwater runoff, soil erosion
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Retention. A holding system for sto
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ARTICLE IV. STORMWATER PLAN REQUIRE
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The particular facilities and measu
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10. Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the
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Table H.2 Pre-Treatment Options for
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f. Complete development agreements
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must be submitted to the Michigan D
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C. Construction Plans shall be revi
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fine for each day. The rights and r
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Southeast Michigan Council of Gover
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