Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - OSEH - University ...

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can be incorporated into the development concept. Many municipalities in Michigan and other states are also incorporating site visits into the pre-submission meeting to minimize or prevent future problems with the development. Step 6: Incorporate revisions to development concept The designer should integrate the information collected from the previous steps and revise the initial development concept, if appropriate. Step 7: Apply structural BMP selection process Determining the blend of structural BMPs that best achieve a specific site’s stormwater needs is the next Towar Rain Garden Drains Source: Fitzgerald Henne and Associates, Inc. step in the site design process. Structural BMPs which can be used to achieve the recommended site design criteria for LID are detailed in Chapter 7. Not all structural BMPs are appropriate for every development at every site. The introduction to Chapter 7 details a selection process for determining the appropriate BMPs. The calculations done in step 8 may be needed to make decisions on the structural BMPs that can be used at a site. Therefore, it may be necessary to combine steps 7 and 8 to complete the selection of BMPs. Step 8: Apply the LID calculation methodology A calculation methodology is presented in Chapter 9 of this LID manual. It allows for the integration of both nonstructural and structural BMPs. The calculation methodology is based on the recommended design criteria for total stormwater volume control, peak rate control, and water quality control that are central to LID performance. Step 9: Develop the preliminary site plan Once steps 1-8 of the site design process are implemented, the preliminary site plan is complete and ready to submit to the local unit of government. The result is a communicative process between developer and community to create a comprehensive development concept that manages stormwater and existing natural resources to the furthest extent possible and practical. LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 5 Page 52
Reinforcing the site design process: A site design checklist for LID The site design process for LID is structured to facilitate and guide an assessment of a site’s natural features together with stormwater management needs. The LID Site Design Process Checklist will help implement the site design process. It provides guidance to the land development applicant, property owner, or builder/developer in terms of the analytical process which needs to be performed as the development proceeds. The outcome is the formulation of a LID concept for the site. Local communities may also benefit by using this checklist for considering possible impacts to natural resources in the community and local watersheds. Step 1: Property acquisition and use analysis Step 2: Site inventory and evaluation Watershed factors inventory ❑ Major/minor watershed location? ❑ State stream use/standards designation/ classification? ❑ Special high quality designations? (e.g., natural rivers, cold water fishery) ❑ Rare or endangered species or communities present? ❑ Are there required standards? ❑ Any 303d/impaired stream listing classifications? ❑ Any existing or planned Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for the waterbody? ❑ Aquatic biota, other sampling/monitoring? ❑ Do other special fishery issues exist? ❑ Is the site linked to a special habitat system? ❑ Are there known downstream flooding problems? ❑ Are there known problems with run-on from neighboring properties? ❑ Is additional development anticipated for the area that could lead to further restrictions? (e.g., protection of downstream land and water uses) ❑ Is additional development anticipated for the area that could lead to further opportunities (e.g., partnerships in multi-site or regional water quality or quantity controls)? Site factors inventory ❑ Important natural site features have been inventoried and mapped? ❑ Wetlands? ❑ Floodplains? ❑ Wellhead protection areas? ❑ High quality woodlands, other woodlands, and vegetation? ❑ Riparian buffers? ❑ Naturally vegetated swales/drainageways? ❑ Steep slopes or unique topographic features? ❑ Special geologic conditions (limestone?)? ❑ Historical values, certified or non-certified? ❑ Known/potential archaeological values? ❑ Existing hydrology (drainage swales, intermittent, perennial)? ❑ Existing topography, contours? ❑ Soils, their hydrologic soil groups? ❑ Seasonal high water table? Depth to bedrock? ❑ Special geological issues (e.g., karst) ❑ Aesthetics/viewsheds? ❑ Existing land cover/uses? ❑ Existing impervious areas, if any? ❑ Existing pervious maintained areas, if any? ❑ Existing contaminants from past uses, if any? ❑ Existing public sewer and water, if any? ❑ Existing storm drainage system(s), if any? ❑ Existing wastewater system(s), if any? ❑ How does size and shape of the site affect stormwater management? ❑ Are there areas where development should generally be avoided? LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 5 Page 53
Page 1:
A Design Guide for Implementers and
Page 4 and 5:
LID Manual for Michigan Page ii
Page 6 and 7:
Shawn Keenan, City of Auburn Hills
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Appendix G: Stormwater Management P
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Figure 7.18 Filter with infiltratio
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Table 7.9 Definitions of Wetland Ve
Page 14 and 15: How this manual is organized This m
Page 16 and 17: discuss a new development. The staf
Page 18 and 19: In a natural woodland or meadow in
Page 20 and 21: Almost all components of the urban
Page 22 and 23: Benefits of implementing LID Implem
Page 24 and 25: Table 2.2 Summary of Cost Compariso
Page 26 and 27: Getting started with LID LID can be
Page 28 and 29: Precipitation also varies slightly
Page 30 and 31: Figure 3.4 Soil Freezing in Lower M
Page 32 and 33: Figure 3.6 Michigan Surficial Geolo
Page 34 and 35: Most soils in Michigan are classifi
Page 36 and 37: Table 3.3 Representative Cation Exc
Page 38 and 39: There is currently no single broadl
Page 40 and 41: Wellhead protection areas/ public w
Page 42 and 43: Table 3.4 Michigan Rivers and Strea
Page 44 and 45: References * Bailey, R.M and G.R. S
Page 46 and 47: LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 3
Page 48 and 49: Following are sample goals and poli
Page 50 and 51: Develop regulations that encourage/
Page 52 and 53: Construction activity • Minimize
Page 54 and 55: Street sweeping in Bloomfield Towns
Page 56 and 57: Resistance from internal sources an
Page 58 and 59: Site constraints that may pose chal
Page 60 and 61: Entity Stormwater Jurisdiction Coun
Page 62 and 63: Step 1: Property acquisition and us
Page 66 and 67: Step 3: Integrate municipal, county
Page 70 and 71: BMP Selection Process This chapter
Page 72 and 73: Case Study: Title The second page o
Page 74 and 75: Case Study: Pokagon Band of Potawat
Page 76 and 77: Figure 6.2 Conventional development
Page 78 and 79: Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Clu
Page 82 and 83: Case Study: Minimizing soil compact
Page 84 and 85: 4. Topsoil stockpiling and storage
Page 86 and 87: References Hanks, D. and Lewandowsk
Page 88 and 89: Case Study: Longmeadow Development
Page 90 and 91: Applications Minimizing the total d
Page 92 and 93: Criteria to Receive Credits for Min
Page 96 and 97: Case Study: Marywood Health Center
Page 98 and 99: Design Considerations 1. Identify n
Page 100 and 101: References Center for Watershed Pro
Page 102 and 103: Case Study: Macomb County Public Wo
Page 104 and 105: Zone 3: Also termed the “outer zo
Page 106 and 107: • Limit clearing and grading of f
Page 110 and 111: Case Study: Western Michigan Univer
Page 112 and 113: Protection of sensitive areas in re
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then weightings of potential develo
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Floodplains • Design the project
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References Arendt, Randall G. Growi
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Case Study: Willard Beach Implement
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Table 6.2 Narrow residential street
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Parking Parking lots often comprise
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Red
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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In addition to directing runoff to
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dis
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Runoff Volume/ Infiltration Runoff
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Figure 7.1 Structural BMP Selection
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In general, the techniques describe
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Table 7.3 Additional BMP considerat
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Maintenance Provides guidance on re
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Case Study: Grayling Stormwater Pro
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Figure 7.5 illustrates a schematic
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Flow inlet: Curbs and curb cuts Cur
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Roads and highways Figure 7.13 show
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Design Considerations Bioretention
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7. Planting periods will vary but,
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Construction Guidelines The followi
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Rai
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Case Study: Stormwater Capture with
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Ford Rouge Plant cistern Vertical s
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Design Considerations Design and in
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the tank can accommodate.) (www.sta
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References “Black Vertical Storag
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Case Study: Constructed Linear Sand
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Surface non-vegetated filter A surf
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Large subsurface filter Large Subsu
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would modestly increase constructio
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During inspection the following con
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References Atlanta Regional Commiss
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Site Factors Type Basin Bottom Rela
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LID Manual for Michigan - Chapter 7
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Variations For this manual, detenti
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Precast concrete vault Source: Amer
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surface into the pond to a maximum
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sink for pollutants and generally h
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The presettlement and post-developm
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wet pond and constructed wetland op
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ackfilling operation should driven
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Dry
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Con
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References AMEC Earth and Environme
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Key Design Features • Depth to wa
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Case Study: Saugatuck Center for th
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Infiltration basins, subsurface inf
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Figure 7.24 Cross-section of dry we
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• The soil mantle should be prese
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Additional design considerations fo
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• Though roofs are generally not
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Subsurface infiltration bed Source:
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Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
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• Protect the infiltration area f
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Additional Construction Guidelines
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Inf
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References AMEC Earth and Environme
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Case Study: Washtenaw County West S
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Design Considerations Level spreade
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3. Inspect the filter strip and the
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References Hathaway, Jon and Hunt,
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Case Study: Black River Heritage Tr
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Figure 7.31 Native meadow species c
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Applications • Residential - Nati
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5. Amend soil: In those sites where
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Water quality improvement Landscape
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References Arendt, R. Growing Green
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Case Study: Grand Valley State Univ
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Staging, construction practices, an
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Reinforced turf/gravel Reinforced t
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4. Pervious pavement and infiltrati
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12. Proper pervious pavement applic
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Figure 7.40 Open-graded, clean, coa
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Repairs • Surface should never be
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References Adams, Michele. “Porou
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Case Study: Michigan Avenue Streets
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Native vegetation should be used in
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Design Considerations • Suggested
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oxes, etc. should be installed in a
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References Stormwater Management Gu
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Case Study: Nankin Mills Interpreti
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Figure 7.45 Schematic of a three-zo
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3. Analyze site’s vegetative feat
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Black River Heritage Trail and Wate
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Table 7.14 Tree spacing per acre Sp
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4. Stable debris As Zone 1 reaches
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References Alliance for the Chesape
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Case Study: Ann Arbor District Libr
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• Major compaction - Deep compact
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e. Add six inches compost or other
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References “Achieving the Post-Co
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Case Study: Wayne County, MI Ford R
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slope needs to be determined. This
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Figure 7.52 Sandy soils with HSG Gr
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Figure 7.56 Clay Loam, Silty Clay o
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• Guidance information, usually i
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Case Study: City of Battle Creek Ci
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Table 7.16 Vegetated roof types Ext
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Dual media assemblies Dual media (F
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Over a period of time roots can dam
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Technical requirements Root resista
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Stormwater Functions and Calculatio
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: Meadowlake Farms Bioswa
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lower flows (two-year storm) to dra
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Stone check dams Source: Road Commi
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Table 7.18 Permanent stabilization
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Peak rate mitigation Vegetated swal
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Designer/Reviewer Checklist for Veg
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Case Study: LaVista Storm Drain Pro
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Basket type inserts Basket type ins
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Maintenance is crucial to the effec
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Roadway design, construction, and m
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• Vegetated systems such as grass
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Of the options explored, the study
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Figure 8.3 Tree planting detail Sou
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Opportunities for MPOs Metropolitan
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Construction on the project began i
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The following are examples of imple
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Horizontal grates can be added to a
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East Hills Center City of Grand Rap
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Implementing LID in High Risk Areas
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References AASHTO Center for Enviro
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LID Design Criteria Defining the hy
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Flood control Flood control is base
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Table 9.1 90 Percent Nonexceedance
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Initial abstraction (I a ) includes
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The Curve Number Method is less acc
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I = the average rainfall intensity
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Table 9.4 Rainfall Events of 24-Hou
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• Proceed to Flow Chart B, Peak R
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FLOW CHART A Stormwater Calculation
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Excessively drained soils may requi
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Worksheet 2. Sensitive Natural Reso
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WORKSHEET 4. Calculations for Volum
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WORKSHEET 6. SMALL SITE / SMALL IMP
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WORKSHEET 8. WATER QUALITY WORKSHEE
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Reese, S. and J. Lee. “Summary of
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ing Department. Most maintenance co
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The Hydrotech Garden Roof Assembly
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Bioswales provide infiltration of s
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The Ingham County Drain Commissione
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Constructed wetland The lowest port
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LID Manual for Michigan - Appendix
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Check dam Cistern Clustering Combin
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H:V Horizontal to vertical ratio. H
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Planter box Pervious pavement Phase
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Total phosphorous (TP) The total am
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Ecoregion recommendations are also
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Zone A Planting Zone = two-to-four
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Zone C Planting Zone = zero-to-two
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Representative Zone C Species Cardi
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone E Planting Zone = four-to-18 i
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Representative Zone E Species Tall
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Botanical Name Common Name Height C
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Zone G Planter Box Plantings Althou
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Zone H Vegetated Roof Plantings Res
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Pervious Berms (Vegetated Filter St
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Vegetated roofs Some key components
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Step 1. Background evaluation Prior
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Methodology for double-ring infiltr
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Step 4. Use design considerations p
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Detention BMP Inspection Checklist*
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Infiltration BMPs Inspection Checkl
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Bioretention Inspection Checklist*
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Bioswale, Filter Strip Inspection C
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6. The [Community] or its designee
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STATE OF MICHIGAN ) ) ss. COUNTY OF
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Exhibit B - Location Map (Sample) S
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• Stormwater runoff, soil erosion
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Retention. A holding system for sto
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ARTICLE IV. STORMWATER PLAN REQUIRE
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The particular facilities and measu
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10. Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the
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Table H.2 Pre-Treatment Options for
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f. Complete development agreements
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must be submitted to the Michigan D
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C. Construction Plans shall be revi
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fine for each day. The rights and r
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Southeast Michigan Council of Gover
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