Low Impact Development Manual for Michigan - OSEH - University ...

BMP Fact Sheet
Cluster Development
Cluster development (also known as open space development) concentrates
development on smaller lots on a portion of a larger site. Clustering allows
the site planner to avoid resource sensitive and constrained areas at a site,
such as steep slopes and water-sensitive areas including riparian buffers,
wetlands, and floodplains without sacrificing the level of development.
Clustering reduces the amount of required infrastructure and various development-related
costs. Clustering lends itself to residential development,
with greatest potential in municipalities where large-lot residential development
is typical. Clustering can reduce total impervious area and total
disturbed areas at development sites, thereby reducing stormwater peak
rates of runoff, reducing total volume of runoff, and reducing nonpoint
source pollutant loads.
Aerial view of cluster development in Ann Arbor, MI
Source: Atwell Hicks
Potential Applications Stormwater Quantity Functions
Residential Yes Volume High
Commercial Yes*
Groundwater
Recharge
Variations
• Clustering as an option
• Clustering mandated by the
municipality
• Clustering with incentives
such as density bonuses
Key Design
Features
• Develop inventory
• Map sensitive areas
• Reduce total site disturbance
and develop cluster plan
• Increase undisturbed open
space
Benefits
• Reduces required infrastructure
• Increases open space
• Protects environmentally sensitive
natural resources
Limitations
• Site specific based on land
topography and individual
conditions
LID Manual for Michigan – Chapter 6 Page 61
High
Ultra Urban Limited Peak Rate High
Industrial Limited Stormwater Quality Functions
Retrofit No TSS High
Highway/Road No TP High
Recreational Limited
NO 3
High
Temperature High
Additional Considerations
Cost Low
Maintenance Low/Med
Winter Performance High
*Depending upon site size, constraints,
and other factors.