Income Security: A Roadmap for Change

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3. Recognizing the Experience of Indigenous Peoples – Income security reform must support the Province’s commitments to reconciliation with Indigenous peoples through its Journey Together framework, and help rebuild relationships with Indigenous peoples This will require the income security system to actively address and guard against systemic and institutional racism and recognize the profound impact of colonization, residential schools and intergenerational trauma Reform must respect First Nations’ right to self-governance and respond to the unique needs and perspectives of all Indigenous peoples, including those who are not members of a First Nation Due to challenges related to data collection both within and outside of First Nations communities, it is diffcult to accurately ascertain the number of Indigenous peoples who live in towns and cities across the province One source is an Ontario Ministry of Finance document, 2011 National Household Survey Highlights: Aboriginal Peoples of Ontario, that uses federal data to cite that about 84% 3 of Indigenous people live outside of First Nations communities First Nations note this information is skewed as many First Nations people do not participate in the data collection/survey 3 Taken from: http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/en/economy/demographics/census/ nhshi11-3pdf. The 84% figure represents all Indigenous people living outside of First Nations communities (including Métis, Inuit and other Indigenous peoples) and is based on available data from the National Household Survey (NHS) The NHS also provides data for those identifying as “North American Indian”, and 76% of this group indicate that they live outside of First Nations communities In addition, there are important limitations to note about the NHS data Full data collection for 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements could not be completed due to various challenges such as restricted access to the site, data collection interruptions prior to completion, or natural events impacting the process The Population Estimation Program at Demography Division, Statistics Canada provides another source of demographic data Based on the data from this source, in 2011, a total of 70,768 people resided in 139 census sub-divisions in Ontario classified as Indian Reserves. Combined with the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) data which indicates a total of 301,430 people selfidentifying as Aboriginal persons, the number of Indigenous persons living in First Nations communities could also be higher 4 Income Security: A Roadmap for Change
SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS ACHIEVING INCOME ADEQUACY Adopt a definition of income adequacy and make a public commitment to achieve that goal over 10 years. 1. Adopt a Minimum Income Standard in Ontario to be achieved over the next 10 years through a combination of supports across the income security system. • The Province should publicly commit to a Minimum Income Standard that will be achieved over a 10-year period (by 2027–28) • The Minimum Income Standard should initially be established at the Low- Income Measure (LIM) currently used by Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy (ie, PRS LIM-50 linked to a base year of 2012), plus an additional 30% for persons with a disability, in recognition of the additional cost of living with a disability See Appendix B for the PRS LIM levels for different family size • Begin work immediately to define a made-in-Ontario Market Basket Measure (MBM) that would include a modern basket of goods, with prices reflecting true costs, and adjusted for all regions in the province, including the remote north The measure would be used in evaluating progress towards the Minimum Income Standard and potentially revising or replacing the PRS LIM as the measure used to set the standard The made-in-Ontario Market Basket Measure could also be used to guide and evaluate investment decisions over the long-term • Implement the recommendations in the Roadmap to move toward adequacy in the income security system by 2027–28 Income Security: A Roadmap for Change 5
Page 1: INCOME SECURITY A Roadmap for Chang
Page 4 and 5: ACHIEVING INCOME ADEQUACY69 Setting
Page 6 and 7: A CLOSING NOTE164 APPENDIX A: Membe
Page 8 and 9: INCOME SECURITY: FUTURE STATE Essen
Page 12 and 13: ENGAGING THE WHOLE INCOME SECURITY
Page 14 and 15: • The federal government enhance
Page 16 and 17: • Individual choice and well-bein
Page 18 and 19: • Conduct analyses on current and
Page 20 and 21: A TRANSFORMED SOCIAL ASSISTANCE STR
Page 22 and 23: • Initially exempt 25% of Canada
Page 24 and 25: SELF-GOVERNANCE AND RESPECT FOR FIR
Page 26 and 27: • First Nations social service pr
Page 28 and 29: • The capabilities, skills and pr
Page 30 and 31: SEQUENCING REFORM The Roadmap recom
Page 32 and 33: We recommend the Province commit to
Page 34 and 35: 2015 also saw a commitment by the f
Page 36 and 37: MESSAGE FROM THE URBAN INDIGENOUS T
Page 38 and 39: Community members stressed the impo
Page 40 and 41: INTRODUCTION PURPOSE The Income Sec
Page 42 and 43: Income Security Reform in the conte
Page 44 and 45: 2. Essential needs are increasingly
Page 46 and 47: • Research by the Social Planning
Page 48 and 49: The Additional Costs of Disability
Page 50 and 51: • From 2011 to 2014, the incidenc
Page 52 and 53: • Studies also show that adult-on
Page 54 and 55: • Indigenous peoples have signifi
Page 56 and 57: A NOTE ON PREVIOUS REPORTS Over the
Page 58 and 59: ONTARIO’S INCOME SECURITY SYSTEM
Page 60 and 61:
services 64 More than 68% of socia
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FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL INCOME SECUR
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The federal Canada Child Benefit, t
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ENVISIONING THE FUTURE VISION All i
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GUIDING PRINCIPLES The following pr
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and structural racism to ensure equ
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3. Recognizing the Experience of In
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Critical steps must also be taken t
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areas, including remote areas In se
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DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS 1.1 The Pr
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ONTARIO HOUSING BENEFIT Recommendat
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• People must be able to access a
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“I’ve been waiting for housing
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Children who are being cared for by
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When a child is in the care of a Ch
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WORKING INCOME TAX BENEFIT Recommen
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CORE HEALTH BENEFITS Recommendation
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A key strength of Ontario’s curre
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TRANSFORMING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE OBJE
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DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS 7.1 Develo
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People need to feel they have perso
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focussing primarily on eligibility
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• People are able to access servi
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• A simpler social assistance str
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8.6 Regularly situate Ontario Works
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We note that ODSP has many positive
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as simple and streamlined as possib
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9.4 Provide provincial-level assist
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Because moving to an assured income
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A TRANSFORMED SOCIAL ASSISTANCE STR
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This flat-rate structure would appl
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DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS 11.1 Trans
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First Nations Delivery Agents of On
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INCOME AND ASSETS Recommendation 13
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additional costs they may have—wh
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HELPING THOSE IN DEEPEST POVERTY OB
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Single Non-disabled Person Fall 201
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• Setting the Standard Flat Rate
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The first Indian Act was passed by
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While the recommendations noted abo
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DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS 16.1 Based
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16.10 Take steps to ensure that Fir
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• Community-based initiatives spe
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• Increasing and expediting help
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Until further changes to the 1965 A
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A CALL ON THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Th
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The Roadmap emphasizes the need for
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IMPLEMENTING AND MEASURING CHANGE M
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3. The need to take a system-wide a
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SEQUENCING CHANGE: A 10-YEAR ROADMA
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YEAR 2 The second year of implement
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YEARS 4 TO 10 Years 4 to 10 will ma
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THE COST OF INACTION Poverty is int
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• Ontario Drug Benefit costs for
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• Social Assistance, through: •
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A CLOSING NOTE This Roadmap holds t
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Violet Boissoneau Linda Cobiness Jo
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APPENDIX B: POVERTY REDUCTION STRAT
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Canada Pension Plan - Disability (C
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Indigenous Friendship Centres: Not-
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Old Age Security (OAS): A pension p
Page 182 and 183:
Rent-Geared-To-Income (RGI): Financ
Page 184 and 185:
Trauma-informed practice: Practices
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Income Security: A Roadmap for Change

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