Income Security: A Roadmap for Change

Canada Pension Plan – Disability (CPP-D): Provides disability benefits to people
who have made enough contributions to the Canada Pension Plan and who are
disabled and cannot work at any job on a regular basis. Benefits may also be
available to dependent children 120
Economic inclusion: The opening up of economic opportunities to under-served
social groups An inclusive market economy ensures that anyone regardless of
their gender, place of birth, family background, age or other circumstances has
full and fair access to labour markets, finance and entrepreneurship and, more
generally, economic opportunity 121
Employment Insurance (EI): A federal income benefit program that provides
temporary income support to unemployed workers while they look for
employment or upgrade their skills. The program also provides special benefits
to workers who take time off work due to specific life events (illness; pregnancy;
caring for a newborn or newly adopted child, a critically ill child, or a family
member who is seriously ill with a significant risk of death). Workers receive EI
benefits only if they have paid premiums in the past year and meet qualifying and
entitlement conditions 122
First Nations: Distinct and independent Nations that possess inherent rights to
self-determination They have distinct laws and governance systems, languages,
cultures, territories, economic systems, a defined Peoples (citizenship), history
and social structures 123
120 For more on CPP-D please see: https://www.canada.ca/en/services/benefits/
publicpensions/cpp/cpp-disability-benefit.html
121 This is the definition used by the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development Please see: http://wwwebrdcom/what-we-do/projects-and-sectors/
economic-inclusionhtml
122 Please see: https://wwwcanadaca/en/employment-social-development/
programs/eihtml
123 There is no legal definition of First Nations in Ontario. The Chiefs of Ontario have
developed a webpage about “Understanding First Nation Sovereignty”; please see:
http://wwwchiefs-of-ontarioorg/faq
170 Income Security: A Roadmap for Change