Benchmarking National - PRO INNO Europe

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102 BENCHMARKING NATIONAL AND REGIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES FOR SMES IN THE FIELD OF INTELLECTUAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY The Japanese TLO system seems to have achieved respectable success since it has been implemented: Patent applications increased from less than 300 in 1999 to 1054 in 2005; the amount of license revenue created increased almost by a factor of 20. There seem to be, however, differences in the perception of experts on how far reaching the success of the TLO actually is. Kneller, for example, maintains that it has to be kept in mind that the figures still fall short in absolute terms when compared to the US (Kneller, 2007). The recruitment of able staff is in his view most likely a challenge in Japan: “…TLO personnel will have to come up the learning curve in terms of being able to communicate with university researchers and market inventions.” (Kneller, 2007). By contrast, other experts interviewed in the course of the underlying benchmarking study see exactly the TLO´s performance in attracting expert staff as the big success story of the Japanese TLOs. Literature indicates that in terms of support aimed directly at SMEs, a number of institutions have been pegged for putting the national IP strategy to practice. Table 8 lists the main actors mentioned and their respective major activity and field of support. Noteworthy are the existence of a national centre for IP training and the large portfolio of services of the Japanese Patent Office. The European experience has shown that webpages, services descriptions or strategy papers alone offer relatively little insight into the actual performance of the services, and that hard fact evidence is needed. In this context, opinions about how well certain services offered in Japan are doing varied considerably. Table 8 Public institutions in Japan mentioned in literature to provide IPR support services to SMEs Institution Abbreviation Organisation for Small and Medium Enterprises and regional Innovation Japan Institute of Invention and Innovation Activity fields for support services offered for SMEs SMRJ Advice on strategic IP management JIII Consultation services on IP issues Awareness raising seminars/workshops on IP Patent information search services Application advisors (working throughout the country) Licensing advisors (working throughout the country) National Centre for NCIPI Consultation services on IP issues Industrial Property Information and Training Awareness raising seminars/workshops on IP Japanese Patent Office JPO Consultation services on IP issues Awareness raising seminars/workshops on IP Patent information search services Application advisors (working throughout the country) Licensing advisors (working throughout the country) Exemptions for SMEs concerning patent filing costs Patent Offices of the Regional Bureaus of Economy, Trade and Industry, and SMRJ Source: Sathirakul, 2006 — Consultation services on IP issues
Against this background, a number of other organisations less known to outsiders are, according to IPR experts, very active in supporting SMEs in the field of IPR, of which – most notably – development banks stand out. Their main activity area with respect to IPR seems to be advice and the evaluation and acceptance of IPR as collateral in the credit business. Variations to this subject exist (see Table 9) with regard to the exact mode of operation or the main customer group targeted (e.g., only SMEs or also other types of organisations or private persons). Table 9 Overview of public institutions in Japan who offer direct support in the field of IPR to SMEs Institution Activity fields for support services offered for SMEs National Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Consultation services on IP issues: AIST is Japan’s largest public research institution comprising 15 research institutes. It is specialised in promoting innovative research projects and bringing them to fruition through the acquisition of patents. AIST also assists SMEs with their research projects to get patented and to be licensed. Development Bank of Japan Consultation services on IP issues and financial assistance: The DBJ offers loans to revitalise failing, established SMEs through using the company’s IP as collateral. The loan can also be used to assist SMEs which seek IPR protection. During the course of providing loans the DBJ also offers advice concerning IPR, how to protect it and in case of new-start-ups how to gain it. The Okinawa Development Finance Corp. National Life Insurance Corporation Consultation services on IP issues and financial assistance: The service promotes business start-ups and development in Okinawa by offering equity financing to SMEs and micro businesses. IPR is used as collateral for the various types of available loans. In the course of this, advice and assistance with IPR issues may be provided. Consultation services on IP issues and financial assistance: NLFC provides loans (business loans) to SMEs and micro businesses that have difficulty obtaining loans from private financial institutions (venture businesses). The NLFC business loans require a guarantor or collateral and IPR may be used as collateral. The NLFC law prohibits loans for enterprises engaged in banking, insurance or speculative transactions. Shoko Chukin Bank Network Consultation services on IP issues and financial assistance: SMEs are at the heart of the Shoko Chukin Bank Network. The bank specialised in supporting start-ups, innovation and revitalisation as well as finance and promotes cooperation between companies and regions. The network also provides support in IPR issues and offers unsecured loans to SMEs for patent development. Japan Finance Corporation for Municipal Enterprises Source: Identification process (phase 1) Financial assistance: JFM raises funds through the issuance of bonds in domestic and international markets without borrowing from the government. The funds raised are used to subsidise assistance and support in IPR issues for SMEs. 103 TOWARDS GOOD PRACTICES – THE REAL WORLD OF IPR SUPPORT SERVICES
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PRO INNO Europe paper N° 4 BENCHMA
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PRO INNO Europe The innovation poli
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Contents Executive Summary 9 1 Intr
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4. Case Study: Innovation by patent
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Executive Summary Background 1. The
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under all circumstances), but rathe
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overall policy level, which primari
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the fact that the business perspect
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and evaluation). Hence, there is a
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20 BENCHMARKING NATIONAL AND REGION
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3 SMEs in the IPR world 3.1 SMEs an
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amount of time (mostly up to 20 yea
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In contrast to arrangements for pat
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3.3 Usage Patterns of IP protection
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industries of the ICT sector. These
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In a study conducted by Kingston (K
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Care must be taken that statements
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The first step to ensure that IP ma
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The patent troll as an SME-affine e
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Page 117: ANNEX I - CASE STUDIES The case stu
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Table 10 Overview of public availab
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Nr. B* Country Title of the Service
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European Commission Benchmarking na
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ISBN 978-92-79-06926-0 NB-AX-07-004
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Benchmarking National - PRO INNO Europe

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