A grammar of the Malayan language, with an introduction and praxis..

MALAYAN LANGUAGE. 105
or gradations of hell-fire. It is not uncommon to make them follow the
noun, as Li-X^ f jjl ^})\i baniak orang ka-datang-an many persons are
coming; but they may indifferently be made to follow. The ordinal
numbers should always follow the noun, as CS^ ,^}^ art ka-figa, or,
still better with the article, cX^p^ \-i, lsJ^ ^'"^ l(i?ig ka-ttga the third day,
y^ lsJ^ ^''^ ka-dua the second day ; for if otherwise placed, ^f^U) CS^
ka-tiga ail would be understood to signify " the three days," and t/j'JSjJ^
ka-dfui an " both days."
When two nouns stand together without an inteiTCning verb, the for-
mer is generally to be understood as the subject of possession, and the
latter as the possessor, which in Latin would appear in the genitive or
possessive case, as Aj jcj benda raja the treasures of the king, or, the
kings treasures, ui-^clJ ^j^^
(_?jV^
ka-tinggi-an langit the height of the heavens,
^\^2». chaya mata-ari the brightness of the sun. In such com-
binations as ^j^\ ^^jl^ chawan amas a vessel of gold, cyb 1^^ kdta batu
a fortress of stone, ^^_ jjy tukaJig besi a worker of iron, cuj^ Joj tkaii
laut sea-fish, ^ -\j raja jin a king of demons, ^*». y^
beyiua china the
country of China, jU- ajIj' tanah jaiva the land of Java, although posses-
sion is not strictly implied, the latter words Avould equally appear as
genitives in languages admitting of the distinction of cases. Certain
E e npuns