A grammar of the Malayan language, with an introduction and praxis..

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24, A GRAMMAR OF THE .v< medd or i\x« ineddali [''^) signifies extension, and is in like manner applicable to 1, whose sound is thereby lengthened. Its use may be thus considered ; that the pronunciation of the syllable requiring tv.o alifs, one of them moveable or consonant, and the other quiescent, but the rules of orthography not admitting of such a repetition of the letter, this mark is placed over the one I, to denote at the same time the elision and the extension of sound, as in ^.^1 at/er water, uJl api fire, J^\ akhir last. But in Malayan words the long sound of \ forming a syllable at the beginning, is commonly expressed by U ha^ with the soft or imper- ceptible aspirate to support the supplementary vowel, as in ^^la }iabh or abis to finish, j^Û. hari or art day, *jU) hayam or J\ ayani a fowl. In some writings, however, we may find a second and smaller \ placed beside the greater, which the grammarians affect to consider as another form of mcdd, and name it i_a!l jô medd 'alif. This smaller \ is also employed by itself, and placed above the other characters, whose junc- tion frequently excludes it from occupying that place which the greater \ would hold in the line, as in ^^.*s^J for Ûe-; rahmdn merciful ; but this seems to be nothing more than a fancy of the penman, and to have . no influence on the pronunciation. When placed over ^_s final, it implies that the letter, in Arabic words, is to be sounded like 1, as in ^jjUi- tdcila most high ; but the Malays, on the contrary, sometimes introduce this lesser \ instead of applying fat-halt to the preceding consonant, in order to produce the diphthongal sound of ai or ei, as in J^S'lS pakei to wear, /jjf giilei a curry. Finally, the meddah is employed in abbre- viations of a sacred or mysterious nature, where one, two, or more words are represented by their initial, medial, and final letters, as * a for *LJ1
CX^-S (urgka (r) MALAYAN LANGUAGE. 25 01' the Arabian cipher 2, when used as an orthogra- phical mark, denotes that the word to which it is apphed, although written but once, must be doubled or repeated in the pronunciation. This expedient proceeds from the frequency of these reduplications in forming certain indefinite plurals, superlatives, and adverbs, and in ex- pressing the continuance or repetition of action in verbs, as f
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Ex Libris C. K. OGDEN THE LIBRARY O
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{(^. Jo..^}^LJ1.
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V-. 5, .1. r.o . 9 • ^
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A a. .T. J'
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ii INTRODUCTION. Malayan is general
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iv INTRODUCTION. vocabulary collect
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vi INTRODUCTION. that it is entirel
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viii INTRODUCTION. over what they t
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X INTRODUCTION. principle of trade
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xii INTRODUCTION. authority of the
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xiv INTRODUCTION. only to the latte
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XVI INTRODUCTION. word Jb dulam, si
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xviii INTRODUCTION. to be derived,
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XX INTRODUCTION. estranged from the
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xxii INTRODUCTION. have led me beyo
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xxiv INTRODUCTION. principal dialec
Page 34 and 35: xxvi INTRODUCTION. the living autho
Page 36 and 37: xxviii INTRODUCTION. late Dutch Eas
Page 38 and 39: XXX INTRODUCTION. the Basa-KeUng or
Page 40 and 41: xxxii INTRODUCTION. derstantling" b
Page 42 and 43: xxxivr INTRODUCTION. less a vast po
Page 44 and 45: xxxvi Introduction, extent would ha
Page 46 and 47: xxxvili INTRODUCTION. translation o
Page 48 and 49: xl INTRODUCTION. wiLTENs ende Sebas
Page 50 and 51: xlii INTRODUCTION. character, print
Page 52 and 53: xliv INTRODUCTION. but the interest
Page 54 and 55: xivi INTRODUCTION. he speaks of a w
Page 56 and 57: xlviii INTRODUCTION. committed to t
Page 58 and 59: 1 INTRODUCTION. from a perfect one)
Page 60 and 61: CONTENTS. Adverbs or Modals -.-- 87
Page 62 and 63: 2 A GRAMMAR OF THE forms, but by a
Page 64 and 65: Figure. A GRAMMAPx OF THE
Page 66 and 67: 6 A GRAMMAR OF THE oithograj)hical
Page 68 and 69: 8 A GRAMMAR OF THE utterance of the
Page 70 and 71: lo A GRAMMAR OF THE (according to t
Page 72 and 73: la A GRAMMAR OF THE their own words
Page 74 and 75: 14 A GRAMMAR OF THE it has been jud
Page 76 and 77: i6 A GRAMMAR OF THE to supply the m
Page 78 and 79: i8 A GRAMiMAR OF THE close with a l
Page 80 and 81: 20 A GRAMMAR OF THE and F, as in th
Page 82 and 83: •jst .A^ GRAMMAR OF THE -4- . Ham
Page 86 and 87: 26 A GRAMMAR OF THE A A and pronoun
Page 88 and 89: 28 A GRAMMAR OF THE general for the
Page 90 and 91: 30 A GRAMMAR OF THE Number is not d
Page 92 and 93: 3i A GRAMMAR OF THE become oblique,
Page 94 and 95: 34 A GRAMMAR OF THE from verbs by p
Page 96 and 97: 36 A GRAMMAR OF THE nouns, or from
Page 98 and 99: 38 A GRAMMAR OF THE bSik orang llu
Page 100 and 101: 40 A GRAMMAR OF THE j_j)j jj dua-ra
Page 102 and 103: 4a A GRAMMAR OF THE the Hindus, fro
Page 104 and 105: 44 A GRAMMAR OF THE the idea of plu
Page 106 and 107: 46 A GRAMMAR OF THE kam'orang for k
Page 108 and 109: 48 A GRAMMAR OF THE signifying Tlie
Page 110 and 111: 50 A GRAMMAR OF THE subject of prop
Page 112 and 113: 52 A GRAMMAR OF THE Verbs. The verb
Page 114 and 115: 54 A GRAMMAR OF THE put to death, ^
Page 116 and 117: 56 A GRAMMAR OF THE seyyiporna to k
Page 118 and 119: 58 A GRAMMAR OF THE Verbs Substanti
Page 120 and 121: 6o A GRAMMAR OF THE Distinctions an
Page 122 and 123: 6fe A GRAMMAR OF THE can be conveye
Page 124 and 125: 64 A GRAMMAR OF THE cj^^l^C^J^ ha-m
Page 126 and 127: • ^j 66 A GRAMMAR OF THE ada iya
Page 128 and 129: 68 A GRAMMAR OF THE the verb substa
Page 130 and 131: yo A GRAMMAR OF THE am about to ret
Page 132 and 133: 72 A GRAMMAR OF THE ••^V c/^ L^
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74 A GRAMMAR OF THE Past Tense. ^yi
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76 A GRAMMAR OF THE j-eU samun rob,
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78 A GRAMMAR OF THE JJ peniamun a r
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8o A GRAMMAR OF THE put to sleep, s
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82 A GRAMMAR OF THE JU «Jwi sudahj
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84 A GRAMMAR OF THE ,iSj\ LjJiJj jx
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86 A GRAMMAR OF THE participial nou
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88 A GRAMMAR OF THE Adverbs of Time
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go A GRAMMAR OF THE J^JLLi se-peniJ
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92 A GRAMMAR OF THE ^jjVî de-atas
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94 J\^ A GRAMMAR OF THE sa-kdli at
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gS A GPvAMMAR OF THE jarigan kamu b
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gS A GRAMMAR OF THE distinction onl
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100 A GRAMMAR OF THE mination to th
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to2 A GRAxMMAR OF THE position, whi
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,04 A GRAMMAR OF THE (uJ padang lut
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io6 A GRAMMAR OF THE nouns may, how
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io8 A GRAMMAR OF THE struction, as
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no A GRAMMAR OF THE enemy, or to st
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112 A GRAMMAR OF THE meaning, that
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1*4 A GRAMMAR OF THE powder, ^-sxa-
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ti6 A GRAMMAR OF THE admitted as su
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ii8 A GRAMMAR OF THE Of Prosody. Pr
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120 A GRAMMAR OF THE kuda-ku my hor
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122 A GRAMMAR OF THE jy per-ator-an
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124 A GRAMMAR OF THE It remains now
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126 A GRAMMAR OF THE as Jj baliim o
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128 A GRAMMAR OF THE couplet runnin
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130 A GRAMMAR OF THE Isxik kakanda
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132 A GRAMMAR OF THE Kuda pulih cla
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134 A GRAMMAR OF THE rhymes with th
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136 A GRAMMAR, 4tc. being made to r
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,38 A GRAMMAR OF THE and may the Al
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140 A GRAMMAR OF THE Some days afte
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142 A GRAMMAR OF THE the presence o
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144 A GRAMMAR OF THE " We have now
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146 A GRAMMAR OF THE restored ; but
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148 A GRAMMAR OF THE y3j.As^"jbj^cL
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jô A GRAMMAR OF THE cerns ol the K
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152 A GRAMMAR OF THE br'j^ i'-j ^""
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154 A GRAMMAR OF THE Extracts of Le
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156 A GRAMMAR OF THE rying off with
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158 A GRAMMAR OF THE " The prince t
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i6o A GRAMMAR OF THE high mountains
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i62 A GRAMMAR OF THE Upon receiving
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i64 A GRAMMAR OF THE cl'' t'-J-"^ u
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i66 A GRAMMAR OF THE lijS Ax'Aj iUi
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i68 A GRAMMAR OF THE " Raja Alahari
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iyo A GRAMMAR OF THE J^j^ Jj Jj/^jV
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1/2 A GRAMMAR OF THE Alaharishi sai
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174 A GRAMMAR OF THE intention to p
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176 A GRAMMAR OF THE Ui^\j jIJ *]_;
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178 A GRAMMAR OF THE As he followed
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i8o A GRAMMAR OF THE who again said
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i82 A GRAMMAR OF THE enormously lon
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i84 A GRAMMAR OF THE ^1^ -V^ tr'^-l
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i86 A GRAMMAR OF THE our venerable
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i88 A GRAMMAR OF THE tricks), seein
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jgo A GRAMMAR OF THE for a position
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192 A GRAMMAR OF THE tuU j^wJ aUjuj
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194 A GRAMMAR OF THE CJ;~> Îj i—
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196 A GRAMMAR OF THE ufj^ Ai$!^ ^J^
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igS A GRAMMAR OF THE " Your servant
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200 A GRAMMAR OF THE " What country
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202 A GRAMMAR OF THE aJL ^JyJJJS ui
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204 A GRAMMAR OF THE They thought w
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2o6 A GRAMMAR OF THE They now came
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2o8 A GRAMMAR OF THE '* Your servan
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210 A GRAMMAR OF THE Consent, my li
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212 A GRAMMAR OF THE They are able
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214 A GRAMMAR OF THE God in Ills me
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ji6 A GRAMMAR OF THE
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2i8 A GRAMMAR OF THE of it. When th
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220 A GRAMMAR OF THE " Now there is
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izi A GRAMMAR OF THE ^LCrfj (^^ i.:
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224 A GRAMMAR OF THE ^\ iL;_jj r^jl
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Bi) the Aiiihor of this Jf'ork. A D
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i;''»-«
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A grammar of the Malayan language, with an introduction and praxis..

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