A grammar of the Malayan language, with an introduction and praxis..

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1*4 A GRAMMAR OF THE powder, ^-sxa- junjong for ^>?- jujong to support, jjc-- swidnk for jjj-) suduk a spoon. It must be observed, that in many of these latter instances the word is more generally written with the inserted letter than without it. Amongst the words whose pronunciation varies whilst their ortho- gra])hy is fixed, we may enumerate ^^^ lantas and lintas through, j^. lambmg and limbing a spear, ^ lambo7ig and limbong the flank, ^ lambei and Umbel to beckon, j^ kambang and kumbayig full blown as a flower, i_?.. hormat and 7-omflf honour, Jj\ cr^F and 7e?,l
MALAYAN LANGUAGE. 115 into a vowel or aspirate, as ameh for ^j^\ amas gold, dareh for ci^b darat the shore, kick for ^^ h'as hard, kulah for li^J^ ^w/fff a measure, kiilih for i^j^ A'?7//i skin or bark, sakili for l^-^L sdkit sick. If this practice be a provincialism, it must be allowed that in the countries where it prevails the people speak a softer dialect than where either the mute letter or the hard guttural is retained in pronunciation. The employment of the j as a final letter, although it is not found in any other part of a genuine Malayan word, we may presume from its universality to be as ancient as the introduction of the Arabic character, but we have no direct proof of its existence in the oral language of the Malays previously to that period. There are not wanting, however, some glimpses of light to direct our opinion as to its originality, if not in this, in some at least of its cognate tongues. Although not frequently occur- ring in the Batta, Rejang, Nias, or La7npimg languages of Sumatra and its neighbourhood, I find it to prevail in the dialects of the Phi- lippines, particularly the Pmnpanga (of which, as well as of the Tagala, Bisaya, and Yloco, I possess copious dictionaries, both printed and manuscript), and what is not a little remarkable, it is found also in the dialect of the great East-Insular, or, as it has been termed, Polyne- sian language, spoken in the island of Madagascar, where, for in- stance, the word ^p\ anak child, is pronounced zanach, according to Flacourt, and annach, according to Drury's very genuine vocabulary ; fjJ^ nidsak to boil, and also, ripe, is, in both these senses, massac, jy ttiak the sweet juice of certain palms, is toak ; ^j^ clikhak the house-lizard, is tsatsac ; jjc~j sunduk a spoon, is sonrouc. These two authorities (and they are quoted in preference to that of vocabularies formed in later times by persons conversant with the Malayan) may be admitted
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Ex Libris C. K. OGDEN THE LIBRARY O
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{(^. Jo..^}^LJ1.
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V-. 5, .1. r.o . 9 • ^
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A a. .T. J'
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ii INTRODUCTION. Malayan is general
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iv INTRODUCTION. vocabulary collect
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vi INTRODUCTION. that it is entirel
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viii INTRODUCTION. over what they t
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X INTRODUCTION. principle of trade
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xii INTRODUCTION. authority of the
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xiv INTRODUCTION. only to the latte
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XVI INTRODUCTION. word Jb dulam, si
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xviii INTRODUCTION. to be derived,
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XX INTRODUCTION. estranged from the
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xxii INTRODUCTION. have led me beyo
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xxiv INTRODUCTION. principal dialec
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xxvi INTRODUCTION. the living autho
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xxviii INTRODUCTION. late Dutch Eas
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XXX INTRODUCTION. the Basa-KeUng or
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xxxii INTRODUCTION. derstantling" b
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xxxivr INTRODUCTION. less a vast po
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xxxvi Introduction, extent would ha
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xxxvili INTRODUCTION. translation o
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xl INTRODUCTION. wiLTENs ende Sebas
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xlii INTRODUCTION. character, print
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xliv INTRODUCTION. but the interest
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xivi INTRODUCTION. he speaks of a w
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xlviii INTRODUCTION. committed to t
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1 INTRODUCTION. from a perfect one)
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CONTENTS. Adverbs or Modals -.-- 87
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2 A GRAMMAR OF THE forms, but by a
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Figure. A GRAMMAPx OF THE
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6 A GRAMMAR OF THE oithograj)hical
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8 A GRAMMAR OF THE utterance of the
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lo A GRAMMAR OF THE (according to t
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la A GRAMMAR OF THE their own words
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14 A GRAMMAR OF THE it has been jud
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i6 A GRAMMAR OF THE to supply the m
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i8 A GRAMiMAR OF THE close with a l
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20 A GRAMMAR OF THE and F, as in th
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•jst .A^ GRAMMAR OF THE -4- . Ham
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24, A GRAMMAR OF THE .v< medd or i\
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26 A GRAMMAR OF THE A A and pronoun
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28 A GRAMMAR OF THE general for the
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30 A GRAMMAR OF THE Number is not d
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3i A GRAMMAR OF THE become oblique,
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34 A GRAMMAR OF THE from verbs by p
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36 A GRAMMAR OF THE nouns, or from
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38 A GRAMMAR OF THE bSik orang llu
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40 A GRAMMAR OF THE j_j)j jj dua-ra
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4a A GRAMMAR OF THE the Hindus, fro
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44 A GRAMMAR OF THE the idea of plu
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46 A GRAMMAR OF THE kam'orang for k
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48 A GRAMMAR OF THE signifying Tlie
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50 A GRAMMAR OF THE subject of prop
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52 A GRAMMAR OF THE Verbs. The verb
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54 A GRAMMAR OF THE put to death, ^
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56 A GRAMMAR OF THE seyyiporna to k
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58 A GRAMMAR OF THE Verbs Substanti
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6o A GRAMMAR OF THE Distinctions an
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6fe A GRAMMAR OF THE can be conveye
Page 124 and 125: 64 A GRAMMAR OF THE cj^^l^C^J^ ha-m
Page 126 and 127: • ^j 66 A GRAMMAR OF THE ada iya
Page 128 and 129: 68 A GRAMMAR OF THE the verb substa
Page 130 and 131: yo A GRAMMAR OF THE am about to ret
Page 132 and 133: 72 A GRAMMAR OF THE ••^V c/^ L^
Page 134 and 135: 74 A GRAMMAR OF THE Past Tense. ^yi
Page 136 and 137: 76 A GRAMMAR OF THE j-eU samun rob,
Page 138 and 139: 78 A GRAMMAR OF THE JJ peniamun a r
Page 140 and 141: 8o A GRAMMAR OF THE put to sleep, s
Page 142 and 143: 82 A GRAMMAR OF THE JU «Jwi sudahj
Page 144 and 145: 84 A GRAMMAR OF THE ,iSj\ LjJiJj jx
Page 146 and 147: 86 A GRAMMAR OF THE participial nou
Page 148 and 149: 88 A GRAMMAR OF THE Adverbs of Time
Page 150 and 151: go A GRAMMAR OF THE J^JLLi se-peniJ
Page 152 and 153: 92 A GRAMMAR OF THE ^jjVî de-atas
Page 154 and 155: 94 J\^ A GRAMMAR OF THE sa-kdli at
Page 156 and 157: gS A GPvAMMAR OF THE jarigan kamu b
Page 158 and 159: gS A GRAMMAR OF THE distinction onl
Page 160 and 161: 100 A GRAMMAR OF THE mination to th
Page 162 and 163: to2 A GRAxMMAR OF THE position, whi
Page 164 and 165: ,04 A GRAMMAR OF THE (uJ padang lut
Page 166 and 167: io6 A GRAMMAR OF THE nouns may, how
Page 168 and 169: io8 A GRAMMAR OF THE struction, as
Page 170 and 171: no A GRAMMAR OF THE enemy, or to st
Page 172 and 173: 112 A GRAMMAR OF THE meaning, that
Page 176 and 177: ti6 A GRAMMAR OF THE admitted as su
Page 178 and 179: ii8 A GRAMMAR OF THE Of Prosody. Pr
Page 180 and 181: 120 A GRAMMAR OF THE kuda-ku my hor
Page 182 and 183: 122 A GRAMMAR OF THE jy per-ator-an
Page 184 and 185: 124 A GRAMMAR OF THE It remains now
Page 186 and 187: 126 A GRAMMAR OF THE as Jj baliim o
Page 188 and 189: 128 A GRAMMAR OF THE couplet runnin
Page 190 and 191: 130 A GRAMMAR OF THE Isxik kakanda
Page 192 and 193: 132 A GRAMMAR OF THE Kuda pulih cla
Page 194 and 195: 134 A GRAMMAR OF THE rhymes with th
Page 196 and 197: 136 A GRAMMAR, 4tc. being made to r
Page 198 and 199: ,38 A GRAMMAR OF THE and may the Al
Page 200 and 201: 140 A GRAMMAR OF THE Some days afte
Page 202 and 203: 142 A GRAMMAR OF THE the presence o
Page 204 and 205: 144 A GRAMMAR OF THE " We have now
Page 206 and 207: 146 A GRAMMAR OF THE restored ; but
Page 208 and 209: 148 A GRAMMAR OF THE y3j.As^"jbj^cL
Page 210 and 211: jô A GRAMMAR OF THE cerns ol the K
Page 212 and 213: 152 A GRAMMAR OF THE br'j^ i'-j ^""
Page 214 and 215: 154 A GRAMMAR OF THE Extracts of Le
Page 216 and 217: 156 A GRAMMAR OF THE rying off with
Page 218 and 219: 158 A GRAMMAR OF THE " The prince t
Page 220 and 221: i6o A GRAMMAR OF THE high mountains
Page 222 and 223: i62 A GRAMMAR OF THE Upon receiving
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i64 A GRAMMAR OF THE cl'' t'-J-"^ u
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i66 A GRAMMAR OF THE lijS Ax'Aj iUi
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i68 A GRAMMAR OF THE " Raja Alahari
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iyo A GRAMMAR OF THE J^j^ Jj Jj/^jV
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1/2 A GRAMMAR OF THE Alaharishi sai
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174 A GRAMMAR OF THE intention to p
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176 A GRAMMAR OF THE Ui^\j jIJ *]_;
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178 A GRAMMAR OF THE As he followed
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i8o A GRAMMAR OF THE who again said
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i82 A GRAMMAR OF THE enormously lon
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i84 A GRAMMAR OF THE ^1^ -V^ tr'^-l
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i86 A GRAMMAR OF THE our venerable
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i88 A GRAMMAR OF THE tricks), seein
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jgo A GRAMMAR OF THE for a position
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192 A GRAMMAR OF THE tuU j^wJ aUjuj
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194 A GRAMMAR OF THE CJ;~> Îj i—
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196 A GRAMMAR OF THE ufj^ Ai$!^ ^J^
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igS A GRAMMAR OF THE " Your servant
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200 A GRAMMAR OF THE " What country
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202 A GRAMMAR OF THE aJL ^JyJJJS ui
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204 A GRAMMAR OF THE They thought w
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2o6 A GRAMMAR OF THE They now came
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2o8 A GRAMMAR OF THE '* Your servan
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210 A GRAMMAR OF THE Consent, my li
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212 A GRAMMAR OF THE They are able
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214 A GRAMMAR OF THE God in Ills me
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ji6 A GRAMMAR OF THE
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2i8 A GRAMMAR OF THE of it. When th
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220 A GRAMMAR OF THE " Now there is
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izi A GRAMMAR OF THE ^LCrfj (^^ i.:
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224 A GRAMMAR OF THE ^\ iL;_jj r^jl
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Bi) the Aiiihor of this Jf'ork. A D
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i;''»-«
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A grammar of the Malayan language, with an introduction and praxis..

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