A grammar of the Malayan language, with an introduction and praxis..

XXX INTRODUCTION.
the Basa-KeUng or KaUnga language ; and the Malayu language
contains a great number of words that are Tamul, Ma-
lay cilam and Tel'mga ; though neither Sanscrit, Hindiwi, nor
Guzerati ; and a variety that are only to be found in Telinga^
the vernacular language of the KaUnga Desa." Had Di". leyden
favoured us with a list, however short, of these words borrowed
from the Telinga or the Tamul, which have no relation to the
Sanski'it, it would have given considerable weight to his asser-
tion. As it is, I can only say that such have very rarely occurred
in my limited examination of those languages. The word kappal
" a ship," which I find in a Tamul vocabulary, is obviously the
Ji^ of the Malays. I^avangum, the Telinga word for " cloves,"
can be no other than %^ Idivang or hunga I'ncang ; but surely in
this instance it must be with the cultivator and not the consumer
that the word originated. I should almost venture to say the
same o{ padaua or padavu " a boat," which has a manifest af-
finity to ^J praii or parau ;
for how can we suppose that these
islanders should borrow the most common term for their small
sailing vessels from the people of a distant continent ? The words
^\j rugam modes in nmsic, 1^ I gam imaginary divisions of the
universe, J/ kfilam a pond, jOU manikam a precious stone, have
evident marks of their importation from the KaUnga Dcsa or
negr'i kling, but they are at the same time a barbarous form of
Sanskrit, and their number, I think, could not be doubled in
the pages of the Malayan Dictionary.
The extensive commercial intercourse by Kling (Teliitga or
Coromandel) vessels, between the ports of the continent of India
and those of Achin, Malacca, and others in the Straits, is matter
of notoriety, and it is likewise admitted that many translations
of Hindu stories have been made through the medium of the
languages