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6.0-6.5 x 4.0-4.5 mm in diameter, Wells' specimen having
larger corallites up to 9 x 7 mm in diameter. Costae evident,
separated by narrow intercostal striae, and covered with fine
granules; epitheca absent. Corallum white. Septa hexamerally
arranged in 4 complete cycles in a Pourtales Plan. Su2 highly
exsert and have smooth (entire) inner sdges that attain the
columella. S3 small; pairs of S4 fuse before their adjacent S3
and extend to columella. Inner edges of S3-4 dentate. Fossa
deep, containing a small, spongy columella.
DISCUSSION.—The specimen reported by Wells (1954) from
the Marshall Islands differs from typical D. florulenta in
several characters and thus its identification is queried. It has
larger corallites; more septa (occasional pairs of S5 in large
corallites); and a smaller, almost lamellar, columella. Comparisons
to the only other sympodially branched Dendrophyllia
from the Japanese region, D. boschmai, are made in the account
of that species.
Van der Horst (1922) described D. florulenta as a new
species apparently unaware that Alcock (1902a) had previously
described the same species under the same name, making Van
der Horst's species both a junior homonym and junior
synonym. Most of Alcock's (1902a,b) brief descriptions of his
new species from the Siboga collection were republished one
month later (Alcock, 1902c), but eight of them were not,
including Dendrophyllia florulenta. I suspect that Alcock's
type specimens were labelled as D. florulenta in the ZMA
collections but not recognized as types, such that when Van der
Horst (1922) later revised the Siboga Dendrophylliidae, he
used what he thought were Alcock's manuscript types as his
type specimens and adopted the name as well.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—-New Records: TM (KT9015,
CB1-1), 1, USNM 92875; TM (KT9015, CB1-2), 2, USNM
92876; TM (KT9015, CB2-2), 2, USNM 92877; 34°20'N,
\3Q O \QTE (off Okino Shima), 110 m, 18 May 1914, Mortensen's
1914 Pacific Expedition, 1, ZMC. Previous Records:
Specimen from Marshall Islands (Wells, 1954),
USNM 45102.
TYPES.—The holotype of Alcock's D. florulenta is presumed
to be deposited at the ZMA, probably one of the two
syntypes of Van der Horst's D. florulenta, but Alcock (1902a)
did not document the Siboga station from which his specimens
came. Type Locality: Unknown, but undoubtedly from the
Siboga Expedition to Indonesia, probably Siboga-51 or 305.
Two syntypes of Van der Horst's (1922) D. florulenta are
deposited at the ZMA (Coel. 1195, 1256). Type Localities:
Siboga-51, 305: Banda Sea, 69-113 m.
DISTRIBUTION.—Off Japan: Sagami Bay; Eastern Channel,
off Mishima and Okinoshima; north and south of Cheju Do,
South Korea, East China Sea; 70-110 m. Elsewhere: Banda
Sea, Bonin Islands, ?Marshall Islands; 69-243 m.
EnaUopsammia Michelotti, 1871
DIAGNOSIS.—Colonial, arborescent colonies formed by
extratentacular budding. Corallites often, but not always,
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
unifacially arranged. Coenosteum dense, synapticulotheca
porous only near calice and on distal branches. Septa arranged
normally. Columella small.
TYPE SPECIES.—Coenopsammia scillae Seguenza, 1864, by
monotypy.
EnaUopsammia rostrata (Pourtales, 1878)
PLATE 39d-f
Amphihelia rostrata Pourtalfcs, 1878:204, pi. 1: figs. 4, 5.
Dendrophyllia amphelioides Alcock, 1902a:l 12-113.
Amphehelia adminicularis Rehberg, 1892:10, pi. 4: fig. 1.
Dendrophyllia amphelioides var. cucullata Vaughan, 1907:157, pi. 47: fig. 3;
pi. 48: figs. 1-4.
Anisopsammia amphelioides.—Eguchi, 1934:368.
EnaUopsammia rostrata.—Zibrowius, 1973:44-45, figs. 14, 15.—Cairns,
1979:186-188, pi. 37: figs. 2, 3, 6; 1982:57-58, pi. 18: figs. 1-4
[synonymy).—Cairns and Parker, 1992:52-53, fig. 18e-i.
EnaUopsammia (Anisopsammia) amphelioides.—Eguchi, 1965:296, 1 fig.
EnaUopsammia amphelioides disticha Eguchi, 1968:C68, pi. C24: figs. 1,6; pi.
C29: figs. 1, 2.—Zibrowius and Grygier, 1985:134.
DESCRIPTION.—Colonies usually planar, having close, dichotomous
branching, which occasionally leads to branch
anastomosis. Corallites occur on only 1 side of colony and are
circular to slightly elliptical in shape: up to 5.6 mm in GCD, but
usually only 4.0-4.5 mm in diameter. Costae better developed
on acalicular face, being about 0.5 mm wide, slightly convex,
and finely granular, separated by narrow, porous intercostal
regions. No septocostal rostra present on Japanese specimens.
Corallum white.
Septa hexamerally arranged in 3 complete cycles (24 septa).
Sj.g equal in size, nonexsert, and quite slender, having vertical,
smooth inner edges. S3 only only half width of an S^_2 and thus
quite slender, usually having a dentate or irregularly shaped
inner edge. Inner edges of pairs of S3 fuse to their adjacent S2
near columella. Fossa quite deep, sometimes slightly curved,
and quite open because of the very narrow septa. Columella
rudimentary, consisting of several small extensions from
lowermost inner edges of Su2.
DISCUSSION.—EnaUopsammia rostrata was first reported
from Japan by Rehberg (1892) based on one specimen, and
later by Eguchi (1965,1968) as E. amphelioides disticha, again
apparently based on one additional specimen. Eguchi's (1968)
reference to a locality record from Enoshima, Sagami Bay is
not documented in his papers. The two lots reported herein are
from the East China Sea southwest of Kyushu, not far from the
type locality off. a. disticha.
All Japanese specimens lack the septocostal rostrum that
characterizes the typical form of this species. But, as earlier
stated (Cairns, 1982:57), the development of a rostrum seems
to be a response to an environmental factor, not a species level
character. The Japanese specimens thus belong to the "amphelioides"
form of this species, i.e., those specimens lacking a
rostrum.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—New Records: Alb-4891,2 colonies,
USNM 92849, 1 branch, ORI; Alb-4892, 2 colonies,