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NUMBER 557 53
0.11); however the other syntypes have much more robust
pedicels, up to a PD:GCD of 0.38 (Siboga-253). Therefore, the
PD:GCD of 0.44 of the Albatross specimen is not considered
unusual. Yabe and Eguchi's (1942b) specimen of 21.0 mm
GCD has the typical 64 septa in 16 sectors and a PD:GCD of
0.29. T. caryophylloides is easily distinguished from the other
North Pacific Trochocyathus by its decahexameral (xl6) septal
symmmetry. For this reason, Zou's (1988) identification
probably is not correct, his specimen having four hexamerally
arranged cycles of septa (48 septa).
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—New Record: Alb-4891, 1, CAS
74940. Previous Records: Syntypes of T. caryophylloides
from Siboga-96 (1) ZMA Coel. 1325, Siboga-253 (2) ZMA
Coel. 1324.
TYPES.—Six syntypes (Plate 23b,c) of T. caryophylloides
were discussed by Alcock, five of which are deposited at the
ZMA (Coel. 1324, 1325, 5436, 5437) (see van Soest, 1979).
Type Localities: Siboga-96, 251, 253: Celebes and Banda
seas, Indonesia, ?15, 115-304 m.
DISTRIBUTION.—Japan: Off Boso Hanto, Honshu; Bungo
Strait; East China Sea south of Fukue Jima; 115-344m.
Elsewhere: Celebes and Banda Seas; [15]-304 m.
Trochocyathus japonicus Eguchi, 1968, nom. correct
Trochocyathus japonka Eguchi, 1968:C34-35, pi. C6: figs. 4-6.
Ceratotrochus japonicus Eguchi, 1968:C38, pi. C6: figs. 1-3 [not pi. Cl 1: figs.
1-3; pi. 20: figs. 1,2).
?Ceratorochus [sic] jogashimaensis Eguchi, 1968:C38, pi. Cl 1: figs. 7-9.
DISCUSSION.—Eguchi (1968) described three remarkably
similar species from virtually the same locality, the holotypes
of the first two species coming from the same haul:
Trochocyathus japonicus, Ceratotrochus japonicus, and Ceratotrochus
jogashimaensis. Each species was described from a
single specimen.
From Eguchi's (1968) account, Trochocyathus japonicus
can be characterized as having a small (GCD = 12 mm),
trochoid corallum; hexamerally arranged septa in four complete
cycles (S1_2>S3>S4); two crowns of pali, one before the S^
and another before the S3; a papillose columella; and a costate
theca. Ceratotrochus japonicus, illustrated on the same plate as
T. japonicus (plate C6) and collected in the same haul, is 10
mm in GCD and also has four hexamerally arranged cycles of
septa, a papillose columella, and costate theca. Eguchi was
equivocal about the presence of pali, stating that lobes were
present before some of the S3 as well as having 6 "pali-like
rods" radiating from the columella. By definition (see
Chevalier, 1961), the genus Ceratotrochus is distinguished
from Trochocyathus by having lobes before only the first two
cycles, whereas in Trochocyathus, they occur before all but the
last cycle (i.e., in this case, the first three cycles) in two crowns.
The preservation of the holotype of C. japonicus apparently
does not allow this observation, but, if some P3 are present in
this specimen, they would indicate an affinity to Trocho-
cyathus, not Ceratotrochus, and probably conspecificity with
T. japonicus. The additional specimen of C. japonicus
illustrated by Eguchi (Specimen #796b: Plate Cl 1: figs. 1-3;
PI. 20: figs. 1, 2) is not mentioned in the text and appears to be
a juvenile Conotrochus; it may have been confused or
mislabelled in his text.
The holotype of Ceratotrochus jogashimaensis (GCD = 11
mm) was also collected from virtually the same locality but
from slightly deeper water. It is identical to the other two
species except that it appears to lack pali.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—None. The types of these three
species are not available for study and, unfortunately, no
additional specimens are available to further characterize and
illustrate this taxon.
TYPES.—The holotypes of Trochocyathus japonica and
Ceratotrochus japonicus are presumed to be deposited at the
Biological Laboratory of the Imperial Household, Tokyo
(#785, 782, respectively). Type Locality: 5 km WSW of
Jogashima, Sagami Bay, 150-250 m.
The holotype of Ceratotrochus jogashimaensis is also
presumed to be deposited at the Biological Laboratory of the
Imperial Household, Tokyo (#779). Type Locality: 5 km SW
of Jogashima, Sagami Bay, 300-450 m.
DISTRIBUTION.—Known only from 5 km WSW of Jogashima,
Sagami Bay, Honshu, Japan; 150-450 m.
Trochocyathus decamera, sp. nov.
PLATE 23d.e
DESCRIPTION.—Corallum trochoid to subcylindrical and
firmly attached through a wide pedicel. Holotype 6.4 x 6.3 mm
in calicular diameter, 7.9 mm in height, and 5.0 mm in pedicel
diameter. Theca faintly costate, overlain with very thin,
transversely banded epitheca through which underlying granules
can be seen. Corallum white.
Septa decamerally arranged in three cycles, the holotype
having an extra pair of quaternary septa (10:10:20:2, 42 septa).
Primary septa little exsert (about 0.7 mm), extend about 80%
distance to the columella, and have slightly sinuous inner
edges. Each primary septum bordered internally by a small
palus about 0.5 mm in width, which together form a crown
adjacent to and rising just above the columella. Secondary
septa about 0.5 mm exsert, extend about half distance to
columella, and are bordered by much larger, sinuous pali. Each
palus about 0.9 mm in width, together forming another palar
crown that is higher in the fossa than the first but reaching the
same distance into the fossa. Tertiary septa equally exsert and
slightly more wide than secondary septa. The pair of
quaternaries in the holotype reach only one-third distance to the
columella and cause a palus to form before the tertiary septum
in this sector, thus resulting in 21 pali in the holotype. The
unique tertiary palus is larger than the others and extends even
higher in the fossa than those before secondary septa. Fossa