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NUMBER 557 61
Desmophyllum dianthus (Esper, 1794)
ACCOUNT.—See Part 1.
Lophelia Milne Edwards and Haime, 1849
DIAGNOSIS.—See Part 1.
Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758)
ACCOUNT.—See Part 1.
Anomocora Studer, 1878
DIAGNOSIS.—Corallum subcylindrical and free, with a
tendency to bud new corallites at random from thecal wall, the
buds subsequently losing their organic connection. Before bud
detachment the corallum is colonial. Wall thin. Columella
trabecular, multiple irregularly shaped paliform lobes usually
present on S^_3. Tabular endothecal dissepiments common and
widely spaced.
TYPE SPECIES.—Coelosmilia fecunda Pourtales, 1871, by
monotypy.
Anomocora sp.
Parasmilia fecunda Yabe and Eguchi, 1932b:443.
Anomocora fecunda.—Eguchi, 1965:290, 2 figs.; 1968:C42, pi. CIO: figs. 1-5;
?pl. C20: figs. 10, 11; ?pl. C23: fig. 3.—Cairns, 199la: 19.
DISCUSSION.—No additional specimens of Anomocora are
reported in the present study and the two specimens of A.
fecunda reported by Eguchi (1968) are not available for study.
Eguchi (1968) did not describe his Japanese specimens, but his
specimen (#701) illustrated on plate CIO does appear to be an
Anomocora; the other specimen (#741) cannot be identified
from the illustrations. Specimen #701, from off Chigasaki,
Sagami Bay (100 m), has relatively large corallites 12-16 mm
in calicular diameter, thin, ridged costae; an incomplete fifth
cycle of septa; prominent paliform lobes; and sparse budding.
I agree with Zibrowius (1980) that the Japanese specimens are
not A. fecunda, which appears to be restricted to the Atlantic
(Caims, 1979). The Japanese specimens have larger corallites,
more septa per corallite, more prominent paliform lobes, and
less frequent budding. Anomocora has been reported several
times in the Indo-West Pacific by: Gardiner and Waugh (1939)
Red Sea; Marenzeller (1904a) off Sumatra; Cairns (1984)
Hawaiian Islands; and Caims (1991a) off the Galapagos.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—New Records: None. Previous
Records: Reference specimens of A. fecunda from the
western Atlantic (Cairns, 1979).
DISTRIBUTION.—Sagami Bay; 50-100 m.
Coenosmilia Pourtales, 1874
DIAGNOSIS.—Corallum colonial, small bushy colonies
formed by extratentacular budding of ceratoid corallites just
below calice edge or from a commom basal coenosteum.
Corallum firmly attached. Columella a solid fusion of
elements; paliform lobes absent. Tabular endothecal dissepiments
present.
DISCUSSION.—Coenosmilia and Anomocora are quite similar
in morphology and have been synonymized by Zibrowius
(1980). Coenosmilia, however, can be distinguished by having
an attached corallum, more regular budding, a more solid
columella, and the absence of paliform lobes.
TYPE SPECIES.—Coenosmilia arbuscula Pourtales, 1874, by
monotypy.
Coenosmilia sp. cf. C. arbuscula Pourtales, 1874
PLATE 27a,*
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIMENS FROM TM (KT9202, YS2).—A
well-preserved corallum is ceratoid: 7.6 x 6.7 mm in calicular
diameter, 3.1 mm in pedicel diameter, and 24 mm in height,
bearing no buds. A second poorly preserved specimen is only
slightly smaller and has 3 buds equally spaced just below the
caliclar edge. C[_2 low, finely serrate ridges; C3 slightly less
prominent ridges; C4 broad and unridged. Corallum white.
Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles, but with one pair
of S4 missing (= 46 septa), according to the formula:
S1>S2»S3>S4. S1 little exsert (0.8 mm), and not wide (about
0.8 mm wide), having vertical, slightly sinuous inner edges that
merge with the columella. S2 of same exsertness, less wide (0.6
mm), and have inner edges that also merge with the columella.
S3 less exsert and only about half width of S,_2, their inner
edges not coming close to the columella. S4 rudimentary, each
composed of a row of small spines. Pali and paliform lobes
absent. Fossa deep, containing a large trabecular columella.
Tabular endothecal dissepiments present.
DISCUSSION.—The Japanese specimens are extremely similar
to C. arbuscula, including aspects of their budding pattern,
size, costal shape, and number of septa. The two specimens at
hand differ only in having a deeper fossa and smaller S3 than C.
arbuscula. Coenosmilia arbuscula is known only from the
North Atlantic from 109-622 m (Cairns, 1979; Zibrowius,
1980); before a confident identification can be made, more
North Pacific specimens will need to be examined and
compared.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—New Records: TM (KT9202,
YS2), 2, USNM 92709. Reference Specimens: Specimens
from Atlantic reported by Cairns (1979) and Zibrowius (1980),
including the syntypes (MCZ).
DISTRIBUTION.—A seamount (Yaku-Shinsone) in the northern
Tokara Retto, Ryukyu Islands; 238-240 m.
Phyllangia Milne Edwards and Haime, 1848c
DIAGNOSIS.—Colonial, extratentacular budding forming
reptoid to plocoid colonies, often basally united by thick
coenosteum. Inner edges of S, smooth, those of higher cycle
septa smooth to finely dentate. Sparse endotheca present.
Columella rudimentary; P2 or P3 sometimes present.