handbook of carbon, graphite, diamond and fullerenes

Molded Graphite 109
Table 5.10. Emissh/ity of Carbon and Graphite Materials and Selected
Metals
Material
Graphite (petroleum-coke base)
Graphite (lampblack base)
Molded Carbon
Lampblack
Silver
Nickel, oxidized
Tungsten, polished
Total Emissivity
0.70 - 0.90
0.85 - 0.95
0.60 - 0.80
0.90 - 0.99
0.04
0.87
0.15
4.0 APPLICATIONS AND MARKET OF MOLDED GRAPHITE
4.1 General Considerations
The technology of molded graphite is versatile, improvements in the
manufacturing techniques are continuously made and the scope of applications
is gradually expanding. This expansion is the direct result of a sizeable
research effort carried out by many workers in universities, government
laboratories, and industry.
In the last twenty years or so, several major applications of molded
graphite have developed into an important, complex, and diverse industrial
market. Because of this diversity, the classification of these applications is
a critical factor if a proper perspective of the industry is to be obtained.
The classification by product function is the primary one used in this
book. It is used in this chapter for molded graphite and in the following
chapters for the other main types of carbon and graphite materials, i.e.,
polymeric, pyrolytic, fibers, carbon-carbon and powders. It is based on the
following major functions: electrical, structural and mechanical, chemical
and refractory, and nuclear. These functions corresponds roughly to the
various segments of industry and end-use market, such as electronic and
semiconductor, metal processing, chemicals, automobile, and aerospace.
The world market for molded graphite is large as shown in Table
5.11.N