handbook of carbon, graphite, diamond and fullerenes

xvi Contents
6.0 CERAMIC-MATRIX, CARBON-FIBER COMPOSITES 218
6.1 Matrix Materials and Fiber-Matrix Interaction 219
6.2 Applications 220
7.0 OTHER APPLICATIONS OF CARBON FIBERS 222
7.1 High-Temperature Thermal Insulation 222
7.2 Electrical Applications 222
7.3 Electrochemical Applications 222
REFERENCES 223
10 Natural Graphite, Graphite Powders, Particles,
and Compounds 226
1.0 NATURAL GRAPHITE 226
1.1 Characteristics and Properties 226
1.2 Types of Natural Graphite 227
1.3 Occurrence and Production 228
1.4 Processing and Applications 228
2.0 CARBON-DERIVED POWDERS AND PARTICLES 228
2.1 Carbon Black 229
2.2 Lampblack 230
2.3 Acetylene Black 231
3.0 INTERCALATED COMPOUNDS AND LUBRICATION 232
3.1 Covalent Graphite Compounds 232
3.2 Graphite Intercalation Compounds 236
3.3 Applications 238
4.0 ACTIVATION, ADSORPTION AND CATALYSIS 240
4.1 Charcoal and Activation 240
4.2 Adsorption 241
4.3 Catalyst Support 242
REFERENCES 243
11 Structure and Properties of Diamond and
Diamond Polytypes 244
1.0 INTRODUCTION 244
2.0 STRUCTURE OF DIAMOND AND DIAMOND POLYTYPES 245
2.1 Analytical Techniques 245
2.2 Atomic Structure of Diamond 247
2.3 Crystal Structures of Diamond 247
2.4 Diamond Crystal Forms 250
2.5 The Polytypes of Diamond 252
3.0 IMPURITIES IN DIAMOND AND CLASSIFICATION 253
3.1 Impurities 253
3.2 Classification of Diamonds 256