handbook of carbon, graphite, diamond and fullerenes

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8um Carbon Fibers 181 50 nm Figure 8.8. Model ofa PAN-based carbon fiber in cross-section showing the "skin" effect (not to scale).I 11 1 I O) c o 10 Q. w wa> >. m h_ 0) c (0 0.355 0.350 0.345 0.340 0.335 Pan-Based Carbon Fibers (Average of 3) Pitch-Based Carbon Fiber (P-55) Ideal Graphite Crystal 1000 1400 1800 2200 2600 Heat-Treatment Temperature, °C 3000 Figure 8.9. Mean interlayer spacing (c/2) of PAN-based and pitch-based carbon fibers as a function of heat-treatment temperature.I 7 '
182 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fullerenes Pan- i Based' Rayon- Based" 1 T300 (AMOCO) G30.500 (BASF) GUO-500 (BASF) M40 _ TORAY T50 (UC) T75 _ (UC) 1 P55 Pitch- „ (AMOCO) Based P 100 (AMOCO) 1800 1600 1400 1200 Raman Shift, cm' 1 1000 Ip/»G Figure 8.10. Laser Raman spectroscopy of PAN-based, rayon-based, and pitchbased carbon fibers.! 7 ! To summarize, small crystallite size, high interlayer spacing, and general structural disorder are the factors that contribute to the unique and stable turbostratic structure of PAN-based carbon fibers (which is likely to include both sp 2 and sp 3 hybrid bonds), and explain their inability to form a graphitic structure even after high-temperature heat-treatment (i.e.,3000°C). 1.74 1.81 1.49 0.53 0.31 0.19 0.44 0.13
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HANDBOOK OF CARBON, GRAPHITE, DIAMO
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Contents 1 Introduction and General
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xii Contents 5.0 ELECTRICAL PROPERT
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xiv Contents 2.0 THE CVD OF PYROLYT
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xvi Contents 6.0 CERAMIC-MATRIX, CA
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xviii Contents 4.0 NATURAL AND HIGH
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xx Contents 2.0 STRUCTURE OF THE FU
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Preface ix technology, processes, e
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2 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fu
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10 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and F
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Synthetic Carbon and Graphite: Carb
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100 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and
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Vitreous Carbon 1.0 GENERAL CONSIDE
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11 Structure and Properties of Diam
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12 Natural and High-Pressure Synthe
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13 CVD Diamond 1.0 INTRODUCTION The
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15 The Fullerene Molecules 1.0 GENE
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Glossary Ablation: The removal of m
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Index Ablation 38 Absorption bands
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Copyright © 1993 by Noyes Publicat
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vi Series HANDBOOK OF CHEMICAL VAPO
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