handbook of carbon, graphite, diamond and fullerenes

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« 2r E o > SI uo Structure and Properties of Diamond 271 Steady-State Velocity-Field Characteristics GaAs/ if I InP A y^— 10 4 10 5 i Diamond i 10° Electric Field (V/cm) Figure 11.15. Electron-carrier mobility of diamond and other semiconductor materials. 10.0 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DIAMOND 10.1 Summary of Mechanical Properties It should be emphasized that the strength properties are difficult and expensive to measure due to the lack of diamond of the required test size and configuration. The data presently available show a material of considerable strength and rigidity. The mechanical properties of diamond are summarized in Table 11.7.' 231 The properties were measured on single-crystal diamond either natural or produced by high pressure. For comparison purposes, the table includes the properties of a high-strength ceramic, namely alumina. 1 i 10' -
272 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fullerenes Table 11.7. Mechanical Properties of Diamond and Alumina at 23°C Property Diamond Alumina Density, g/cm 3 3.52 3.98 Young's modulus, GPa 910-1250 380 - 400 Compression strength, GPa 8.68-16.53 2.75 Knoop hardness, kg/mm 2 overall 5700 -10400 2000 - 2100 111 plane 7500-10400 100 plane 6900 - 9600 Poisson's ratio Coefficient of friction in air in vacuum 10.2 Hardness 0.10-0.16 0.05 - 0.1 near 1 0.22 The very fact that diamond is the hardest known material makes it difficult to measure its hardness since only another diamond can be used as an indenter. This may explain the wide variations in reported values which range from 5,700 to over 10,400 kg/mm 2 . The hardness of diamond is compared with that of other hard materials in Fig.11.16. The test method is the Knoop hardness test which is considered the most accurate for crystalline materials. The hardness is also a function of the crystal orientation as shown in Table 11.7. The hardness of diamond can also be determined form the elastic coefficients as there is a linear relation between hardness and these coefficients.
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HANDBOOK OF CARBON, GRAPHITE, DIAMO
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Contents 1 Introduction and General
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xii Contents 5.0 ELECTRICAL PROPERT
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xiv Contents 2.0 THE CVD OF PYROLYT
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xvi Contents 6.0 CERAMIC-MATRIX, CA
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xviii Contents 4.0 NATURAL AND HIGH
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xx Contents 2.0 STRUCTURE OF THE FU
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Preface ix technology, processes, e
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2 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fu
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10 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and F
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Synthetic Carbon and Graphite: Carb
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100 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and
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Vitreous Carbon 1.0 GENERAL CONSIDE
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8 Carbon Fibers 1.0 GENERAL CONSIDE
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Applications of Carbon Fibers 1.0 C
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15 The Fullerene Molecules 1.0 GENE
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Glossary Ablation: The removal of m
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Index Ablation 38 Absorption bands
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Copyright © 1993 by Noyes Publicat
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vi Series HANDBOOK OF CHEMICAL VAPO
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