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Pyrolytic Graphite 157 (d) is usually observed, but rarely does it decreases below 0.344 nm. The crystallite size (Lc) remains small. 4.0 PROPERTIES OF PYROLYTIC GRAPHITE 4.1 Properties of Columnar and Laminar Pyrolytic Graphites The structure of both columnar and laminar pyrolytic graphites is close to that of the ideal graphite crystal (reviewed in Ch. 3, Sees. 3 and 4). These graphites have a high degree of preferred crystallite alignment particularly after heat-treatment, and their properties tend to be anisotropic. Melting point, sublimation point, heat of vaporization, entropy, enthalpy, specific heat, and chemical properties are similar to that of the single-crystal graphite but other properties may vary significantly (Ch. 3, Sec. 7). The properties of pyrolytic graphite are summarized in Table 7.2. The values listed were collected from the manufacturer's data sheetsJ 24 ^ 27 ] The spread in value may represent slightly different materials and differences in the degree of graphitization. It may also reflect variations in the test methods; for instance, the measurement of mechanical properties may vary widely depending on the sample geometry and the test method (see Ch. 5, Sec. 2.1). Table 7.2. Properties of Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite at 25°C Density, g/cm 3 Flexural strength tested in the cdirection (across grain), MPa Tensile strength tested in the ab directions (with grain), MPa Young's modulus of elasticity, GPa Thermal conductivity, W/m-K c direction ab directions Thermal expansion 0 - 100°C, x10 6 /mK c direction ab directions Electrical resistivity, /jQ-m c direction ab directions 2.10-2.24 80-170 110 28-31 1 -3 190-390 15-25 -1 to1 1000-3000 4-5
158 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fullerenes Mechanical Properties. The mechanical properties of pyrolytic graphite are like those of the ideal graphite crystal in the sense that they show a marked increase with increasing temperature as shown in Fig. 7.9.[11][26] Above 2600°C, the strength drops sharply. Q. c
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HANDBOOK OF CARBON, GRAPHITE, DIAMO
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Contents 1 Introduction and General
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xii Contents 5.0 ELECTRICAL PROPERT
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xiv Contents 2.0 THE CVD OF PYROLYT
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xvi Contents 6.0 CERAMIC-MATRIX, CA
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xviii Contents 4.0 NATURAL AND HIGH
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xx Contents 2.0 STRUCTURE OF THE FU
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Preface ix technology, processes, e
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2 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and Fu
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10 Carbon, Graphite, Diamond, and F
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Synthetic Carbon and Graphite: Carb
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10 Natural Graphite, Graphite Powde
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11 Structure and Properties of Diam
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12 Natural and High-Pressure Synthe
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13 CVD Diamond 1.0 INTRODUCTION The
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15 The Fullerene Molecules 1.0 GENE
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Glossary Ablation: The removal of m
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Index Ablation 38 Absorption bands
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Copyright © 1993 by Noyes Publicat
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vi Series HANDBOOK OF CHEMICAL VAPO
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