Inmunologia Basica y Clinica Vol II

Introducción
“Size does not define force, since the
smallest microorganism can kill the largest
animal”
Since immemorial times, man has
been linked to his environment, being
exposed to a number of particles or
microorganisms which are ready to attack
your body now. If this would happen, there
appears a magnificent shield provided as
part of our nature, acting every time we
face dangerous circumstances where an
individual’s health is compromised, this
is called immune system. It is acquired
before birth and during the first years of
life outside the womb where matures
and consolidates; it is made up of organs,
tissues, cells and molecules which work
together to maintain biological integrity
against aggression especially exogenous,
otherwise people die because of tumors
or infections caused by viruses, bacteria,
protozoa, fungi and helminths.
Immunology Overview as a science
Immunology is a branch of biology and
biomedical sciences that is specifically
responsible for the molecular and biological
mechanisms and processes used by our
body in defense of exogenous agents; all
of this is possible
with the identification of endogenous
substances, detection of foreign substances
and subsequently its destruction.
Defense mechanisms may be
nonspecific or specific innate or acquired
type, the first refers to the natural barriers
they are classified in three types: the
physical one, where involving the skin,
mucosa and cilia, such as chemical skin
pH, gastric fluid, sweat, lysozyme, tears,
vaginal discharge, etc., and biological
case of bacterial flora; the second one
focuses on the given answer when the
innate immunity fails, generating a specific
response against to infectious agent and
keeping its memory in order to prevent
further reinfection. Within it, we have the
cellular immunity where lymphocytes
T are involved as well as the humoral
immunity where the lymphocytes B are
involved.
Immunopathology is about the
abnormal operation of any component
of the system which causes multiple
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