Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
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kulturis cneba aq Semodis imdenad, ramdenadac mniSvneloba ganisazRvreba<br />
rogorc garkveuli gziT mowesrigebuli fenomeni. kultura warmoadgens<br />
"wesrigs", romelic Seesabameba mniSvnelad qmedebas. subieqturi, antimeqanisturi<br />
wesrigi moiazreba, rogorc nebayoflobiTi mizezebis safuZvelze<br />
arsebuli da ara aucileblobis ZaliT Camoyalibebuli, rasac meqanisturi,<br />
obieqturi xedva aviTarebda.<br />
marqssa da hegels Soris dapirispireba gvTavazobs meqanistursa da<br />
kulturul <strong>for</strong>mebs Soris arsebuli gansxvavebulobis pirvel <strong>for</strong>mas,<br />
romelsac xSirad eyrdnobian socialuri mecnierebebis warmomadgenlebi am<br />
Temebis irgvliv diskusiis dros. gonis fenomenologiaSi hegeli saubrobs<br />
istoriul ganviTarebaze, romelic ganpirobebulia im frustraciebiT,<br />
romlebic SeiniSneboda konkretul istoriul periodSi arsebuli SezRudvebis<br />
gamo. TiToeuli periodi xasiaTdeboda garkveuli sazRvrebiT romelTa<br />
farglebSic xdeboda mniSvnelobis moazreba. hegeli am yovlismomcvel<br />
sazRvrebs uwodebs gaists, anu saukunis gons, cneba romelic germanuli<br />
idealizmis konteqstSi kulturis <strong>Tanamedrove</strong> gagebis ekvivalenturia.<br />
imdenad, ramdenadac marqsi pirdapir ewinaaRmdegeba hegelis Teorias, misi<br />
Sexedulebebi saSualebas iZleva gansxvavebul WrilSi davinaxoT meqanisturi<br />
midgoma. istoriul materialisturi ganviTarebis Teoria, romelic marqsma<br />
SeimuSava Tavis gviandel naSromebSi aRiarebs hegelis Teorias, rom istoriis<br />
wina etapebi Seicavda istoriis Semdgom etapebs. Tumca marqsi ganviTarebis<br />
wyarod miiCnevs ara subieqtur frustraciebs, aramed racionaluri interesis<br />
obieqtur uaryofas. igi saubrobs ekonomikur da politikur wesrigze,<br />
romlebic, marqsis azriT, ar aris subieqturi. marqsi radikalurad gamijnavs<br />
erTmaneTisgan "superstruqturasa" da "baziss" cnobierebasa da socialur<br />
arsebas. kulturuli fenomenebi — samarTlebrivi kodebi, religiuri ritualebi,<br />
xelovneba da inteleqtualuri ideebi miewereba superstruqturas da ganixileba<br />
rogorc bazisis mier determinirebuli. imisaTvis, rom moxdes kulturuli<br />
fenomenis axsna, saWiroa ara maTi Sinagani struqturisa da mniSvnelobis<br />
Seswavla, aramed im materialuri elementebis dakvirveba, romlebsac isini<br />
asaxaven. ramdenadac kultura ganpirobebulia mis gareT arsebuli Zalebis mier,<br />
kulturas kauzaluri gagebiT ar aqvs avtonomia.<br />
marqsis meqanisturi Sexedulebebi ganavrco sxvadasxva socialur mecnierulma<br />
skolam rogorc meTodologiuri, aseve ideologiuri Sexedulebebis<br />
gaTvaliswinebiT. meTodologiurad cdilobdnen moeZiaT socialuri fenomenebis<br />
winaswar gansazRvris gzebi, gamoeaSkaravebinaT gazomvis "namdvili<br />
obieqtebi"; ideologiurad ki re<strong>for</strong>mis mxardamWeri radikaluri da liberaluri<br />
suliskveTeba gulisxmobda adamianuri tanjvis "realobis" mtkicebas<br />
meqanisturi perspeqtividan gamomdinare.<br />
meqanisturi moZraobis sawinaaRmdegod moqmedeba ganixileboda rogorc<br />
mniSvnelobiT datvirTuli, xolo kulturas ganmsazRvreli Zala eniWeboda.<br />
marqsma safuZveli Cauyara kulturis avtonomiis Sesaxeb kamaTs, miuxedavad<br />
imisa, rom ver gansazRvra am kamaTis rezultati. sazogadoebis meqanisturi<br />
xedvis oponentebi subieqtur midgomas icaven da Tvlian, rom kulturas ufro<br />
SefardebiTi "avtonomia" gaaCnia materialisturi <strong>for</strong>mebis fonze.<br />
klasikuri perspeqtivebi<br />
dilTaim hegelis religiuri Teoria naturalisturi goniT Caanacvla.<br />
dilTai xazs usvams adamianuri gamocdilebis centralurobas mniSvnelobis<br />
wyaros dadgenaSi, rogorc monawilesTvis, aseve mkvlevrisTvisac. dilTais<br />
azriT, urTierTgagebis saWiroebas mivyavarT individualuri gamocdilebis<br />
farglebs gareT saerTo ideebisken da sabolood kulturuli sistemebis<br />
mastruqturirebel ZalasTan.<br />
dilTai xazs usvams struqturuli sistemis Sinagan da subieqtur<br />
mdebareobas. es gansakuTrebuli mdebareoba specialur "hermenevtikul" meTods<br />
moiTxovs.<br />
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