Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Seiqmna ramdenime marginaluri diskursi klasobrivi urTierTobebis farTo<br />
CarCoebSi.<br />
axalgazrduli kulturis ganviTarebamac Seuwyo xeli polarizaciis am<br />
process. muSaTa klasis warmomadgeneli axalgazrdobis msyidvelunarianoba<br />
gaizarda; axalgazrdebs ukve SeeZloT ekonomikuri ganviTarebis Sedegad<br />
warmoebuli produqciis yidva. ganaTlebis sistemaSic moxda cvlilebebi, ramac<br />
xeli Seuwyo TaobaTa cnobierebis Camoyalibebas axalgazrdebs Soris. es<br />
cnobiereba klasis gamocdilebas emyareboda, Tumca ukve gansxvavebuli<br />
<strong>for</strong>mebiT gamoixateboda, romlebic xSirad upirispirdeboda Zvel tradiciul<br />
<strong>for</strong>mebs.<br />
klasis fenomeni imdenad meore xarisxovnad iTvleboda imdroindeli da<br />
Semdgomi kvlevebis dros, rom bevrma socialurma Teoretikosma axalgazrdebi<br />
CaTvala rogorc axali klasi. isini axalgazrdebSi xedavdnen<br />
aradiferencirebul Tineijer momxmareblebs. subkulturis kvleva britaneTSi<br />
daefuZna urbanul eTnografias, romelic jer kidev me-19 saukuneSi ganviTarda<br />
(henri meihius da tomas arCeris naSromebi, Carlz dikensisa da artur morisonis<br />
novelebi). Tumca subkulturis kvlevisadmi ufro mecnieruli midgoma, Tavisi<br />
meTodologiiT (CarTuli dakvirveba) 1920-ian wlebamde ar aRmocenebula,<br />
rodesac sociologebisa da danaSaulis SemswavlelTa jgufma CikagoSi daiwyo<br />
in<strong>for</strong>maciis Segroveba quCis axalgazrda dajgufebebze da kriminogenur<br />
jgufebze. CarTuli dakvirveba isev aqtualuria, Tumca analitikuri da axsniTi<br />
amosavali wertilis ararsebobis gamo mas sociologiis ZiriTad nakadSi<br />
marginaluri statusi eniWeba.<br />
1950-ian wlebSi albert koeni da volter mileri Seecadnen Teoriuli<br />
perspeqtivis Semotanas; isini Seiswavlidnen dominant da daqvemdebarebul<br />
RirebulebiT sistemebs. koeni dainteresda muSaTa klasis axalgazrda<br />
warmomadgenlebiT, romlebic kargad ver swavlobdnen skolaSi. isini Tavisufal<br />
dros erTiandebodnen dajgufebebSi da am wesiT axdenden TviTRirebulebis,<br />
TviTrwmenis alternatiuli wyaros Camoyalibebas. dajgufebaSi ar cnobdnen<br />
<strong>sazogadoeba</strong>Si miRebul iseT Rirebulebebs rogoric iyo simkacre, ambicia,<br />
kon<strong>for</strong>mizmi, a.S. am Rirebulebebis sawinaaRmdegod dajgufebis wevrebi<br />
mniSvnelobas aniWebdnen hedonizms, avtoritetis arafrad Cagdebas, “sacemi<br />
subieqtebis” Ziebas, a.S.<br />
axalgazrdebis dajgufebebis RirebulebaTa sistemis kvlevisas, mileri xazs<br />
usvams dajgufebasa da mSoblebis kulturas Soris msgavsebebs; mileris<br />
mixedviT, devianti jgufis bevr Rirebulebas ubralod damaxinjebuli an<br />
maqsimalisturi xasiaTi aqvs, Torem sxva mxriv is warmoadgens muSaTa klasis<br />
ufrosi warmomadgenlebis faseulobebs.<br />
1961 wels matsa da saiksma subkulturis Seswavlisas gamoiyenes termini<br />
subteraniuli Rirebulebebi, raTa aexsnaT legitimuri da devianturi<br />
axalgazrduli kulturebi. maTac aRiares rom axalgazrdebis kulturaSi<br />
damkvidrebuli subteraniuli Rirebulebebi (riskis, garTobis Zieba) mWidrod<br />
ukavSirdeba Sromis eTikas (dakmayofilebis gadavadeba, rutina). mogvianebiT, am<br />
Teoriebis Semowmeba moxda britanuli savele samuSaoebis dros.<br />
1960 wels piter vilmotma gamoaqveyna kvleva im kulturuli<br />
SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb, romlebic xelmisawvdomi iyo muSaTa klasis<br />
biWebisTvis londonis ist-endSi (aRmosavleT londonSi). vilmotmac daaskvna,<br />
rom uklaso axalgazrduli kulturis idea jer kidev udroo da uazro iyo. misi<br />
dakvirvebiT, Tavisufali drois gamoyenebis sxvadasxva SeesaZlebloba<br />
axalgazrdebisTvis gansazRvruli iyo im winaaRmdegobebiTa da danawevrebiT,<br />
romelic axasiaTebs uklaso <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>s. man subkultura gansazRvra rogorc<br />
"kompromisuli gadawyvetileba" or urTierTdapirispirebul moTxovnilebas<br />
Soris: Seqmnisa da avtonomiurobis moTxovnileba da mSoblisagan<br />
gansxvavebulobis damtkiceba da mSoblis identifikaciebis SenarCunebis<br />
moTxovnileba.<br />
am analizis mixedviT, skinhedebisa da tedebis stili intepretirebuli iyo<br />
rogorc mediaciis mcdeloba gamocdilebasa da tradicias, nacnobsa da axals<br />
Soris. kohenisTvis, subkulturis latentur funqcias warmoadgenda “gamoexata<br />
53
Change language