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Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences

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zentaciuli sistemebis rolis ganxilvisas, iseve rogorc vizualuri<br />

reprezentaciebis analizis dros, gasaTvaliswinebelia frangi filosofosis<br />

miSel fukos mosazrebebi diskursis cnebasTan mimarTebaSi.<br />

adreuli naSromebi mamakacebis Sesaxeb, ZiriTadad, iZleoda im Tvisebebisa da<br />

atributebis suraTs, romelic maskulinobas ganixilavda rogorc problemur<br />

kategorias. wignebSi mag., mamakacebis seqsualoba (metkalfi da hamfri, 1985)<br />

avtorebi aRwerdnen maskulinobas, romelsac axasiaTebda agresia, konkurencia,<br />

emociuri uunaroba, sicive da mxolod orgazmze, sakuTar dakmayofilebaze<br />

orientirebul seqsze aqcenti. Tumca, amave dros, aRiniSneboda, rom mamakacebi<br />

kritikulad udgebodnen TavianT maskulinobas — isini garkveuli SiSiT, dardiTa<br />

da tkiviliT ekidebodnen maTTvis winaswar mocemul maskulinobis scenarebs,<br />

romlebsac isini unda damorCilebodnen; mamakacebs aRelvebdaT TavianTi<br />

seqsualuri unarebis gamovlineba, emociebisgan gaucxoeba, mamebTan cudi<br />

urTierToba. Sesabamisad, ixateboda maskulinobis winaaRmdegobrivi suraTi.<br />

erTi mxriv, warmoCenili iyo maskulinobis farTod gaziarebuli idea,<br />

romelic asocirdeboda mamakacebis ZalauflebasTan qalebTan mimarTebaSi,<br />

meore mxriv ki, maT Sesaxeb arsebuli kulturuli warmodgenebi mamakacebs<br />

tvirTad awveboda. mogvianebiT mividnen im azramde, rom maskulinobis cnebis<br />

calsaxad da erTgvarovnad moazreba aramarTebulia, rom arsebobs maskulinobis<br />

gamovlinebis sxvadasxva <strong>for</strong>ma.<br />

rogorc viksi aRniSnavs (viksi, 1981, 1985), daiwyo iseTi sakiTxebis xelaxla<br />

ganxilva rogoric iyo seqsi, politika, <strong>sazogadoeba</strong> da seqsualoba.<br />

seqsologebis da medicinis warmomadgenlebis mier gabatonebuli diskursis<br />

gadasinjvam ubiZga viqtorianuli periodis maskulinobis Sesaxeb arsebuli<br />

warmodgenebis Sesusteba.<br />

homoseqsualobis nebismieri niSnis gamovlineba mamakacebSi iTvleboda, rom<br />

isini "namdvili” maskulinobis SeZenas verasdros moaxerxebdnen. homoseqsualobas<br />

mesame sqesad ganixilavdnen. viksis mixedviT, maskulinobis moazrebisTvis<br />

aucilebelia istoriuli viTarebis gaTvaliswineba. <strong>Tanamedrove</strong> Teoretikosebi<br />

ki iseT faqtorebs aqceven yuradRebas, rogoric aris klasi, "rasa" eTnikuroba<br />

da Taoba. swored am faqtorebis gadakveTisas warmoiSoba maskulinobis<br />

garkveuli tipebi.<br />

aseve, maskulinobis gansazRvra xdeba feminurobasTan mimarTebaSi.<br />

davidovis da holis wignSi, "ojaxuri realiebi" (1987) naCvenebia Tu rogor<br />

wamoiSva inglisuri saSualo klasi 1780 - 1850 wlebis periodSi. analizi emyareba<br />

saSualo klasis warmomadgeneli mamkacebisa da qalebis pirad Canawerebs.<br />

avtorebi xazs usvamen imas, rom am periodSi warmoqmnili saSualo klasis<br />

maskulinobis moazreba xdeboda ara marto muSaTa klasisa da aristokratuli<br />

fenebis mier gagebuli maskulinobis sapirispirod, aramed zogadad genderuli<br />

gansxvavebulobis fonze. mamakacebis da qalebis Tvisebebi radikalurad<br />

emijneboda erTmaneTs, rac aseve arsebiTi iyo saSualo klasis mamakacebSi maTi<br />

maskulinuri TviTSefasebisTvis.<br />

saSualo fenis profesionalizacia aseve mniSvnelovani faqtoria. saSualo<br />

klasis mamakacebis CarTuloba warmoebaSi, mSeneblobaSi, buRalteriasa da<br />

dazRvevaSi moiTxovda garkveul unarebsa da codnas, romelTa flobac xSirad<br />

gansazRvravda maT maskulinobas. es unarebi aseve upirispirdeboda ara mxolod<br />

aristokrati mamakacebis unarebs (sporti, seqsualuri miRwevebi, azartuli<br />

TamaSebis codna), aramed muSaTa klasis da saSualo klasis qalebisTvis<br />

damaxasiaTebel unarebs.<br />

mamakacobis gancdis gamyareba xdeboda mTeli rigi <strong>for</strong>maluri da<br />

ara<strong>for</strong>maluri institutebis saSualebiT (mag., mecnieruli da profesiuli<br />

sazogadoebebi, mamakacebis klubebSi gamarTuli Tavyrilobebi). es adgilebi<br />

warmoadgendnen sazogadoebriv sivrceebs, sadac xdeboda maskulinobis<br />

ganmtkiceba. bevrisTvis mag., eklesiaSi siaruli da qristianuli ritualebis<br />

dacva pirdapir iyo dakavSirebuli saSualo fenis Sromisadmi TavdadebasTan,<br />

ramdenadac religiis protestantuli xedva gulisxmobda RmerTis mowodebis<br />

danergvas am samyaroSi. biznesis da sawarmoebis warmatebuli gaZRola<br />

iTvleboda RmerTis nebis ganxorcielebad.<br />

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