Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
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televizualuri mesijebis warmoeba da gavrceleba<br />
stuart holis esse “enkodireba, dekodireba” Seexeba mesijebis warmoebasa da<br />
gavrcelebas. holis analizi efuZneba semiotikur paradigmas, mis naSroms<br />
teqstualuri, aseve eTnografiuli saxe aqvs. holis mosazrebebi ZiriTadad<br />
televizias exeba. igi gvTavazobs komunikaciis oTx etapian Teorias: warmoeba,<br />
cirkulacia, gamoyeneba (romelsac igi uwodebs distribucias an moxmarebas) da<br />
reproduqcia. holis azriT, TiToeuli safexuri “SedarebiT avtonomiuria”<br />
sxvebisgan. es niSnavs rom mesijis kodireba ar akontrolebs mis miRebas da ara<br />
gamWvirvale saxiT, TiToeul safexurs aqvs Tavisi sazRvrebi da SesaZleblobebi.<br />
SedarebiTi avtonomiis koncefcia saSualebas aZlevs mas isaubros polisemiaze,<br />
romelic ar unda moiazrebodes rogorc pluralizmi. mesijebi ar eqvemdebarebian<br />
nebismieri saxis interpretacias an gamoyenebas — radganac TiToeuli<br />
safexuri mocemul wreSi zRudavs meoris SesaZleblobebs.<br />
<strong>sazogadoeba</strong>Si, mesijebs aqvT "dominaciis kompleqsuri struqtura"<br />
ramdenadac TiToeul safexurze isini eqcevian institucionaluri Zalauflebis<br />
urTierTobebis gavlenis qveS. ufro metic, mesijis miReba SesaZlebelia mxolod<br />
im SemTxvevaSi Tu mas cnobadi xasiaTi aqvs an SesabamisobaSi modis garkveul<br />
warmodgenebTan -- Tumca yovelTvis rCeba patara sivrce im mesijis gasagebad,<br />
romelic ar Seesabameba saerTo warmodgenebs. komunikaciuri wre yovelTvis<br />
axdens Zalauflebis reJimis reproduqcias.<br />
telesamauwyeblo struqturebma enkodirebuli mesijebi unda warmoadginon<br />
mniSvneladi diskursis farglebSi. institucia — produqciis socialuri<br />
urTierTobebi unda daeqvemdebaron enis diskursiul wesebs, raTa moxdes maTi<br />
produqtis realizacia. es TavisTavad mocemuli <strong>for</strong>maluri diskursisa da enis<br />
wesebs ZalauflebaSi amyofebs. enkodirebuli mesijebis dekodirebis Sedegad<br />
isini asruleben garkveul funqcias — gavlenis moxdenis, garTobis, dajerebis —<br />
rasac Tavis mxriv moyveba kompleqsuri aRqmiTi, kognituri, emociuri,<br />
ideologiuri da qceviTi Sedegebi. gansazRvrul momentSi struqtura iRebs<br />
kods da qmnis mesijs. Semdeg momentSi, mocemuli "mesiji” dekodirebis<br />
saSualebiT socialuri praqtikis struqturebis Semadgenel nawilad iqceva.<br />
tipuri procesebi, romlebsac ikvlevs pozitivisturi meTodi — Sedegebi,<br />
gamoyeneba, "kmayofileba" — Tavad aris moqceuli gagebis struqturis CarCoebSi<br />
da warmoiqmneba socialuri da ekonomikuri urTierTobebis Sedegad, romlebic<br />
gansazRvrul <strong>for</strong>mas aZleven mesijis miRebis <strong>for</strong>mas, da SesaZleblobas iZlevian<br />
rom mniSvnelobebi, romlebic figurirebs diskursis farglebSi gadavides<br />
socialur cnobierebasa Tu praqtikaSi (imisaTvis rom maT mieniWoT socialuri<br />
Rirebuleba an politikuri gavlena moipovon).<br />
enkodirebisa da kodirebis kodebi ar aris simetriuli. anu "gagebisa" da<br />
"arasworad gagebis" xarisxi komunikaciur gacvlaSi damokidebulia simetria/asimetiriaze,<br />
romelic damyarebulia enkoderis- mwarmoebelsa da dekoders/mimRebs<br />
Soris. magram es TavisTavad damokidebulia identobis an ara<br />
identobis xarisxze kodebs Soris, romlebic avad Tu kargad axdenen in<strong>for</strong>maciis<br />
gadacemas, Sewyvetas Tu damaxinjebas.<br />
kodebs Soris Seusabamoba asaxavs prodiuserebsa da mayureblebs Soris<br />
struqturul gansxvavebulobas. aseve, es SeiZleba gamowveul iyos kodebis<br />
wyarosa da mimRebs Soris arsebuli asimetriiT. "damaxinjeba" an "gaugebroba"<br />
gamowveulia am or mxares Soris komunikaciuri gacvlis dros arsebuli<br />
ekvivalentobis ararsebobiT.<br />
televizualuri niSans kompleqsuri xasiaTi aqvs. igi Sedgeba ori tipis<br />
diskursis - vizualurisa da xmovanis kombinaciisgan. amave dros, is<br />
gamosaxulebis (xatis) niSania, ramdenadac mas aqvs im sagnis niSan-Tvisebebi,<br />
romlis warmosaxvasac axdens. am sakiTxma gaugebroba gamoiwvia vizualuri enis<br />
Seswavlis sferoSi. imdenad ramdenadac, vizualuri diskursi samganzomilebian<br />
samyaros organzomilebianad gardaqmnis, mas ar SeuZlia iyos imis referenti an<br />
idea, rasac warmoadgens. realoba arsebobs enis gareT, magram misi gaSualeba<br />
xdeba yovelTis eniT; rogorc ukve iTqva, rac viciT da rasac vambobT xdeba<br />
konkretuli diskursis farglebSi. diskursiuli codna warmoadgens ara enaSi<br />
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