Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
Tanamedrove sazogadoeba - Center for Social Sciences
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miRebuli samyaros Semecnebis gzebi da qmedeba gansxvavdeba maTgan. am kuTxiT<br />
danaxuli kultura SeiZleba warmoadgendes mTel jgufs an <strong>sazogadoeba</strong>s da<br />
amrigad Cven ganvasxvavebT erTmaneTisgan sxvadasxva xalxis kulturebs.<br />
kulturis aseTi gageba gamoikveTa me-19 saukunis evropaSi. am periodSi<br />
evropelebis mier wamowyebulma kvleviTma mogzaurobebma Tu dapyrobebma<br />
ganapiroba evropelebis dafiqreba kulturuli gansxvavebulobebis Sesaxeb,<br />
ramac Tavis mxriv xeli Seuwyo SedarebiTi azris ganviTarebas gansxvavebul<br />
sazogadoebebTan mimarTebaSi.<br />
SemdgomSi es tendencia <strong>Tanamedrove</strong> epoqaSi damkvidrda da gadamwyveti<br />
roli iTamaSa anTropologiis, rogorc disciplinis CamoyalibebaSi. kulturis<br />
anTropologiuri gagebiT, adamianebis cxovrebis wesi ganisazRvreba da<br />
gamoixateba maTi kulturiT. kultura vlindeba yvelaferSi, dawyebuli samuSao<br />
iaraRebidan, damTavrebuli religiiT.<br />
me —19 saukunis evropaSi kulturebi ganixileboda socialuri progresis<br />
Sesaxeb evropuli warmodgenebidan gamomdinare da Sesabamisad evropuli<br />
kulturebi msoflio ierarqiis yvelaze maRal safexurze Tavsdeboda. me-20<br />
saukuneSi evropuli kulturis upiratesobis Sesaxeb gancxadebebi gaiSviaTda. es<br />
ki ganapiroba kolonialurma da postkolonialurma socialurma urTierTobebma,<br />
dominantur da maT daqvemdebarebul jfufebs Soris urTierTdamokidebulebam.<br />
kulturuli ierarqiis cnebis uaryofiT, kultura gagebul<br />
iqna rogorc pluraluri da SedarebiTi fenomeni, gansxvavebul ”kulturebs”<br />
mieniWaT Tanabari mniSvneloba/faseuloba.<br />
kultura, rogorc adamianuri<br />
gamoxatulebis gancalkevebuli samyaro<br />
arsebobs kulturis gansxvavebuli gagebac. am SemTxvevaSi Cven kulturuls<br />
vuwodebT garkveul RonisZiebebs an materialur nivTebs. mag. opera, Teatri,<br />
xalxuri simRerebi, novelebi, xelovneba Tu Senobebis stili. kulturis cnebis<br />
aseTi gamoyenebis dros ”kulturisa”da socialuri cxovrebis sxva sferoebi<br />
erTmaneTs emijneba, miuxedavad imisa, Cven vadarebT Tu ara erTmaneTs<br />
gansxvavebul sazogadoebebs.<br />
gansakuTrebuli kulturuli praqtikisa da sagnebis saSualebiT garkveuli<br />
in<strong>for</strong>macia gadaecemaT sxva adamianebs Cvens Sesaxeb, anu Tu ra warmoadgens<br />
CvenTvis Rirebuls da gamoxatavs Cveni, rogorc jgufis identobas.<br />
kulturis anTropoligiuri gageba ukavSirdeba danarCen msoflioSi evropul<br />
eqspansias, kulturis meore mniSvneloba ki Seexeba mniSvnelovan socialur<br />
cvlilebebs. kulturas uwodebdnen kulturuli institutebis mier warmoebuli<br />
produqtebis garkveul sferos inglisSi, industriuli revoluciis dros.<br />
<strong>Tanamedrove</strong> socialur organizaciaze gadasvlam socialuri diferenciacia<br />
da dapirispirebebi gamoiwvia. movlenebis ganviTarebam mkveTrad gamijna<br />
erTmaneTisgan yoveldRiuri, pragmatuli, konfliqtebiT aRsavse ekonimikisa da<br />
politikis (kapitalizmis axali samyaro, industria, demokratia da revolucia)<br />
da xelovnebisa da moralis idealisturi wminda sferoebi. xelovnebisa da<br />
moralis sferoebi gamoxatavdnen ufro maRal adamianur SesaZleblobebsa da<br />
Rirebulebebs gansxvavebiT imisagan, rasac <strong>Tanamedrove</strong> ekonomikuri da<br />
politikuri cxovreba sTavazobda adamianebs.<br />
zogisTvis, kulturis es calke sferoebi <strong>Tanamedrove</strong> sazogadoebis kritikis<br />
safuZvelia; isini sazogadoebisTvis destruqciuli da zedapiruli aspeqtebis<br />
gverdidan danaxvis da kritikis saSualebas iZleodnen. sxvebisTvis kultura<br />
warmoadgenda epifenomens da politikisa da ekonomikis materialurad xel-<br />
Sesaxebi sferoebisgan gansxvavebiT hqonda ufro feminuri xasiaTi. amgvarad,<br />
kulturis pirveli gageba asocirdeboda anTropologiasTan, xolo meore gageba,<br />
exeboda humanitaruli mecnierebebebis ramdenime sferos — literaturas,<br />
xelovnebasa da musikas.<br />
rodesac saubari xelovnebas, popularul kulturas, xalxur kulturas, an<br />
Tundac maskulturas exeba, Cven saqme gvaqvs kulturis Sesaxeb im<br />
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