full text - Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Krakowie

NR 43 AN TRO PO MO TO RY KA
2008
CHANGES OF PARAMETERS OF PHYSICAL CAPACITY
OF A FEMALE CROSS-COUNTRY SKIER
WITHIN PREPARATION PERIOD
ZMIANY WSKAŹNIKÓW WYDOLNOŚCI FIZYCZNEJ
BIEGACZKI NARCIARSKIEJ
W OKRESIE PRZYGOTOWAWCZYM
Božena Paugshová*, Martin Pupiš*
* Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Humanities, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica
Key words: anaerobic threshold (ANT), VO 2
max, lactate line, sport training
Słowa kluczowe: próg anaerobowy (ANT), VO 2
max, krzywa mleczanowa, trening sportowy
STRESZCZENIE • SUMMARY
In our project, we have observed the structure of strain of a cross-country skier within the preparation
period and its influence on aerobical performance and capacity. At an observed cross-country skier we have
recorded an increase of VO 2
max from 58.15 ml · kg –1 · min. –1 to 63.15 ml · kg –1 · min. –1 (thus by 5 ml · kg –1 · min. –1 ).
At the same time, we have recorded shift of lactate line and thus speed increase at ANT (at relatively the same
value of HR and lactate level).
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, w których poddano analizie trening biegaczki narciarskiej klasy
międzynarodowej w okresie przygotowawczym. Zbadano strukturę obciążenia oraz jego wpływ na wydolność
fizyczną. W okresie obserwacji odnotowano wzrost VO 2
max z 58,15 ml · kg –1 · min –1 do 63,15 ml · kg –1 · min –1
(tj. o 5 ml · kg –1 · min –1 ). Równocześnie zaobserwowano zmianę krzywej mleczanowej i prędkości na poziomie ANT
(adekwatnie do takiego samego poziomu HR i LA).
Theoretical analysis
At endurance sports there are VO 2
max and anaerobical
threshold considered to be the most objective indicators
of training, and in final consequence, racing strain
as well. Single development of endurance became the
centre of interest the large number of researchers.
Among them are such authors as: Hagberg and Coyle
[9]; Hamar [11, 12]; Choutka and Dovalil [13]; Noakes
[17]; Kučera and Truksa [15]; Chin at al. [8]; Moc [16];
Broďáni [4]; Čillík and Korčok [7]; Baker and Horton [1];
Billat et al. [3]; Čillík [6]; Korčok and Pupiš [18]; Soumar,
Soulek and Kučera [19] etc. Their interpretation has
a few similar but different features.
Bunc et al. [5] defined ANT as the break point of the
curved line of lactate dependency on strain. Thus, it is
the point as long as the curve had a linear character
and from this point it goes into the other curve mostly
of exponential character. Bielik et al. [2] consider ANT
to be one of the most significant variables with reference
to prediction of performance at endurance sorts
of sport. At endurance sports the parameter of VO 2
max
is equally important as well, thus maximal quantity of
oxygen which lungs are able to extract form inhaled
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